Effective measures to protect the Yangtze finless porpoise: continuous population census, scientific monitoring, injury treatment, pregnant dolphin care, etc.

Due to the influence of human activities, the living environment of the Yangtze finless porpoise once deteriorated, and the bait resources were in short supply. In recent years, China has carried out the population protection and habitat environment monitoring of the Yangtze finless porpoise, established eight primitive nature reserves in the main stream and two lakes of the Yangtze River, three ex situ nature reserves and 1 semi-natural ex situ nature reserves in the old course of the Yangtze River, and established two reproduction protection groups, artificial environment and cage, and cultured and preserved the cells in vitro under laboratory conditions, thus weaving a warm net for the protection of the finless porpoise.

"The finless porpoise is a species at the top of the aquatic food chain. Its population evolution is the ultimate embodiment of the ecological environment. Protecting the finless porpoise is to protect the Yangtze River ecosystem. " Yang Guang, a professor at Nanjing Normal University and an expert in dolphin research, said.

With the promulgation of the Opinions on Further Strengthening the Management of No Fishing in the Yangtze River Basin (hereinafter referred to as the Opinions), the Ten-year Plan for No Fishing in the Yangtze River and the Law on the Protection of the Yangtze River, the finless porpoise has become a direct beneficiary of resource protection, water pollution prevention and ecological environment restoration.

"In the past, finless porpoises were injured by hooks and fishing lines from time to time in waters such as finless porpoises nature reserves, lake areas and the main stream of the Yangtze River. Over the past year, the finless porpoise nature reserve has been closed to fishing, especially to fishing, which has provided more bait resources for finless porpoises and avoided the harm of fishing boat propellers and hooks to finless porpoises. In addition, water-related projects, such as port and waterway regulation, especially the construction of the core area of the reserve, are subject to stricter restrictions to avoid the adverse impact of the construction of the core area on the natural habitat of the finless porpoise. "

Across the country, new laws and measures to protect the Yangtze River and finless porpoises are also frequently introduced. 1 After the implementation of the Yangtze River Protection Law, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui provinces and one city simultaneously implemented the Decision on Promoting and Maintaining the Fishing Ban in the Yangtze River Basin; The Wuhan Municipal Government, Wuhan Agricultural and Rural Bureau and Fisheries Institute jointly established the Yangtze finless porpoise breeding and protection technology research center to promote the protection research and protection technology development of the Yangtze finless porpoise.

The Yangtze River Basin Fishery Resources Management Committee of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan Baiji Dolphin Protection Foundation and other institutions have successively established nine demonstration schools to protect the finless porpoise in Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu and other places, so that the concept of protecting the Yangtze River and protecting the finless porpoise can take root in the hearts of children.

Brief introduction of Yangtze finless porpoise:

Yangtze finless porpoise (scientific name: Oriental finless porpoise? ) is a named subspecies of finless porpoise. Commonly known as "Jiang pig", it is small in size, with a blunt head and a slightly raised forehead. The kiss is short and wide, the upper and lower jaws are almost the same length, and the kiss is short and wide. The whole body is lead-gray or gray-white, and its body length is generally around 1.2 meters, and the longest can reach 1.9 meters, which looks like a dolphin. Life expectancy is about 20 years.

They usually live in the waters adjacent to fresh water, and they can also live in the fresh water of large and small rivers. They like to act alone, sometimes in groups of three or five, and at most there are 87 heads together. The Yangtze finless porpoise is lively and often swims in the upper and lower reaches of the water. Its food includes herring, tamarind, eel, perch, silver carp, whitebait, shrimp, squid and other fish. Distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, mainly in Dongting Lake, Poyang Lake and the main stream of the Yangtze River. ?

In 20 13, it was listed in the red list of IUCN endangered species; Endangered species listed in Appendix I of the Washington Convention. From April 2065438 to April 2007, the Yangtze finless porpoise in Nanjing was investigated for two years. On May 9, the Yangtze finless porpoise was listed as a national first-class protected animal.