People's livelihood is no small matter, and branches and leaves are always related to love.
The Central Economic Work Conference held a few days ago made it clear that next year's economic work should be steady and progress should be made, and a series of important messages were released around the hot issues of people's livelihood: we should continue to do a good job in "six stabilities" and "six guarantees", especially to ensure employment and people's livelihood. ...
How will China solve the employment problem of young people such as college graduates in 2022? How to grasp the bottom line of people's livelihood? How to help small and medium-sized enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households reduce their burdens, solve difficulties and transform their development?
1. "I will definitely find a satisfactory job"
Implement measures to stabilize employment.
situation
"I applied for the position of civil servant, and the results came out after the year. To be honest, I was very nervous at the time. " Yang Jie, a fresh graduate of a university in Beijing in 2022, told reporters that most of his classmates are actively submitting resumes and looking for jobs, and many of them have been hired. "Although the competition is fierce, we are sure to find a satisfactory job." He said.
Employment is the biggest livelihood and the most basic support for economic development.
Since the beginning of this year, the employment situation in China has been generally stable, better than expected. 1 to 10, creating new jobs in cities and towns nationwide11330,000 people, and completing the annual target and task ahead of schedule; The employment level of college graduates is generally stable, the scale of rural migrant workers is basically stable, and the total number of migrant workers out of poverty continues to increase.
While seeing the achievements, we should also be soberly aware that there are still many uncertainties in the global economic recovery and the development of the COVID-19 epidemic, the foundation for the stable recovery of the domestic economy still needs to be further consolidated, and the total employment pressure and structural contradictions are still great. Experts said that sporadic epidemics have led to limited recovery of some contact and aggregation service industries and weak demand for employment; There is a shortage of highly skilled talents in the labor market, and the contradiction between "difficulty in recruiting workers" and "difficulty in finding jobs" is intertwined; The phenomenon of "slow employment" of college graduates is still outstanding.
According to the data released by the Ministry of Education and Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the number of college graduates is expected to reach10.76 million in 2022, an increase of10.67 million. In addition, affected by the overseas epidemic, college students' willingness to study abroad is reduced, and they pay more attention to the domestic workplace.
As Wang Changlin, president of China Macroeconomic Research Institute, said, stabilizing employment, especially for key groups such as college students and migrant workers, is still an important task for economic development next year.
The Central Economic Work Conference pointed out that the employment problems of young people such as college graduates should be solved and flexible employment and social security policies should be improved; Grasp the employment of key groups and implement measures to stabilize employment; It is necessary to strengthen the employment priority orientation in promoting high-quality development and improve the employment driving force of economic growth.
The majority of market players have provided an important guarantee for stable employment. "It is an important political task for central enterprises to implement stable employment and expand employment." Zhang, deputy secretary of the Party Committee and general manager of China Poly Group Co., Ltd., said that next year Poly Group will continue to expand the recruitment scale, dig deep into job demand and take the lead in absorbing employment. In addition, appropriate preferential policies are given to special groups, and special groups such as college graduates, migrant workers and retired soldiers are actively helped, giving priority to ensuring the employment of special groups in poverty-stricken areas and ethnic areas.
Song Xin, deputy director of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security Employment Promotion Bureau, said that in the future, we will highlight key points, make overall plans and make precise efforts to ensure the overall stability of employment. We must go all out to stabilize our posts, do a good job in implementing policies such as reducing burdens, stabilizing our posts and expanding employment, effectively reduce the burden on enterprises, and stabilize and expand employment; Encourage and guide various groups to join in entrepreneurship to promote employment, improve the employment service system for flexible employees, and support and standardize the development of new forms of employment; Fully implement the real-name service for unemployed graduates, broaden the channels for rural laborers to go out for employment and increase their income in nearby employment, and strengthen employment assistance for vulnerable groups; Promote service activities such as the golden autumn recruitment month and promote the docking of market supply and demand.
2. "Have your own nest"
Hold the bottom line of people's livelihood
situation
"I just shared a new house with my friends last month and shared it equally. I have to pay about 3,000 yuan a month, which is not a small expense. " Gu Ling, a 90-year-old who works in a company in Beijing, said that she has been paying attention to projects such as shared property houses recently and plans to buy one next year. "having a nest of my own is my' small goal'. I have been working hard for these years and I believe it will be realized. " She said.
The housing problem is related to the basic living security of thousands of families.
How to better meet the housing needs of ordinary people? The Central Economic Work Conference called for adhering to the orientation that houses are used for living, not for speculation, strengthening the guidance of expectations, exploring new development models, insisting on both rent and purchase, accelerating the development of long-term rental housing market, promoting the construction of affordable housing, supporting the commercial housing market to better meet the reasonable housing needs of buyers, and promoting the healthy development of the real estate industry due to the city's policy.
In Wang Changlin's view, there is no contradiction between promoting the construction of affordable housing and supporting the commercial housing market to better meet the reasonable housing needs of buyers. To maintain the stable and healthy development of the real estate market, it is necessary to take the word "stability" as the first step and solve some problems faced by the real estate market in its development.
"Living in a house without speculation includes both curbing speculation and supporting housing. This positioning is conducive to consolidating the foundation of long-term stable and healthy development of real estate. Under the current situation, this is of great significance to boosting market confidence and stabilizing market expectations. " Ni Pengfei, director of the Urban and Competitiveness Research Center of China Academy of Social Sciences, said that relevant policies and measures are conducive to meeting the reasonable housing needs of residents with higher quality and diversity.
To protect and improve people's livelihood, we should not only provide people with housing, but also provide them with a sense of security, medical care, support for the elderly and help for the weak. ...
The Central Economic Work Conference requires that social policies should focus on the bottom line of people's livelihood. It is necessary to promote economic development and people's livelihood security as a whole, and improve the system of providing basic public services in permanent residences. Promote the national overall planning of basic old-age insurance. Publicize the effectiveness of the new birth policy and actively respond to the aging population.
Experts believe that the core of optimizing the fertility policy is to release the family's fertility will, which requires the joint efforts of all sectors of society to enhance the supporting capacity of social services and ease the pressure of family fertility and parenting. Hu Hongwei, a professor at the School of Public Administration of Renmin University of China, said that improving the overall level of endowment insurance is conducive to the healthy operation of the endowment insurance system and promoting the integration of the labor market and coordinated regional development.
"Those who call the country rich care about enriching the people."
The Central Economic Work Conference made it clear that to achieve the goal of common prosperity, we must first make the "cake" bigger and better through the joint efforts of the people of the whole country, and then cut and divide it well through reasonable institutional arrangements.
"Common prosperity is a long-term process that requires long-term hard work by the people of the whole country." Han Wenxiu, deputy director of the Office of the Central Financial and Economic Committee in charge of daily work, said that we should give full play to the role of the third distribution and support willing and capable enterprises and social groups to actively participate in charity, but we should not engage in moral kidnapping.
3. "Revitalize liquidity immediately"
Help market players reduce burdens and solve difficulties.
situation
A few days ago, State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China and the Ministry of Finance announced that in the fourth quarter of 200212002, small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises deferred payment of some taxes and fees. "The national tax deferred policy is very timely. I estimate that it can help our company to postpone tax by 6.5438+0.5 million yuan. This suddenly revitalized liquidity and greatly eased our financial pressure. " The financial person in charge of a small and micro manufacturing enterprise in Chongqing said.
Market players carry the employment and entrepreneurship of hundreds of millions of people.
According to statistics, at present, China's market players have reached 654.38+0.5 billion households. Among them, there are 46 million enterprises, more than 99% of which are small and medium-sized enterprises.
At present, due to the complicated situation at home and abroad, the development of small and medium-sized enterprises faces many difficulties and problems, especially due to the recent factors such as high raw material prices, difficult financing and slow payment, the growth rate of main business indicators of small and medium-sized enterprises has slowed down, and production and operation are facing multiple tests. In addition, experts said that the difficulties of small and micro enterprises in China will be even greater next year, and it is necessary to make profits for the real economy and small and micro enterprises.
The Central Economic Work Conference pointed out that it is necessary to continue to implement new tax reduction and fee reduction for market players, help them, especially small and medium-sized enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households, reduce their burdens and help them resume development. Increase financing support for the real economy and promote the increase, expansion and price reduction of financing for small and medium-sized enterprises.
"Micro-subjects play a fundamental role in macroeconomic stability and are the beneficiaries and' auditors' of policy effects." Han Wenxiu said that micro-policies should continue to stimulate the vitality of market players, such as increasing the value-added tax rebate, accelerating the depreciation of fixed assets, strengthening the protection of property rights and intellectual property rights, effectively controlling malicious arrears of accounts and malicious evasion of debts, and creating a good environment for the competitive development of enterprises.
Li, director of the Innovation Department of the Planning Institute of China Information and Communication Research Institute, believes that to promote policy implementation, it is necessary to strengthen accurate "drip irrigation". It is necessary to refine measures, provide good services, optimize the environment, widely gather public services, market-oriented services and socialized public service resources, and tilt towards more small and medium-sized enterprises. For example, for small and micro enterprises, more consideration should be given to "ensuring survival"; Think about "promoting development" for medium-sized enterprises. At the same time, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of the central and local governments, promote special supervision and on-site inspection, and continue to carry out third-party evaluation of the development environment of SMEs. Give full play to the initiative and innovation of local exploration and practice, encourage local governments to step up the introduction of supporting policies, and urge the implementation and settlement of various policies and measures to "help enterprises benefit enterprises and revitalize enterprises".
"It is necessary to make a rolling list of practical items." Li said that it is necessary to focus on various new problems and challenges such as rising production and operation costs, monopoly and unfair competition, and structural mismatch of innovative resources, and make a list of policy reserves to deal with risks in time to stabilize and boost the development expectations and confidence of enterprises. Further expand the scope of tax reduction and fee reduction to ensure that more market players directly benefit; Respect entrepreneurship, protect property rights and intellectual property rights, and standardize the behavior of financial institutions to provide guarantees for natural person loans of small and medium-sized enterprises, so that small and medium-sized enterprises have a real sense of acquisition.