As a brand-new disease treatment method, gene therapy has achieved encouraging results since it was born more than 20 years ago. With the development of molecular pathology, molecular biology and other related disciplines, treatment strategies are increasingly abundant, many of which have entered the stage of clinical trials or implementation, and become important clinical auxiliary treatment methods. At the same time, the diseases targeted by treatment have also expanded from early monogenic diseases to diseases that seriously threaten human health, such as tumors, viral diseases and cardiovascular diseases. At present, gene therapy still faces some difficulties in theory and technology, such as few therapeutic genes, low efficiency of gene transfer and poor controllability of gene expression, and there are also many controversies in ethics. However, it is foreseeable that after overcoming these challenges, gene therapy will usher in a breakthrough, thus becoming a routine treatment in the near future and making an important contribution to maintaining human health.

1, the research status of gene therapy

After more than 20 years of tortuous development, gene therapy research has made remarkable achievements. The diseases targeted by treatment have expanded from monogenic diseases to tumors, viral diseases, cardiovascular diseases and so on. Moreover, the types of target genes and target cells used in treatment are more abundant, the methods of target gene transfer are more diverse, the efficiency is higher, and the treatment strategy is more targeted at diseased tissues and cells. ......

2. The prospect of gene therapy.

The future development of gene therapy faces unprecedented technical and ethical challenges. The technical challenges include: finding more and more effective therapeutic genes, efficient and specific gene introduction system and controllability of gene expression. Ethical disputes mainly stem from the safety of treatment and the conflict between gene therapy and existing ethics. With the development of molecular biology and pathology. ......