In order to make up for the loss of his mother in his early years, Xu Shiliao, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, became a crown princess. In 33 BC, Emperor Yuan of the Han Dynasty died, and Ao succeeded to the throne as Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty and Xu as the queen. Queen Xu was born in a famous family, with good color and art, but she was still good at writing. In ten years, Emperor Han Cheng loved the queen, but she was old and her children died young, so she gradually fell out of favor.

In BC 18, Queen Xu was abandoned and moved to Changting Palace, calling herself a noble person. After Xu was deposed, Yu Yuchang came forward to mediate and tried to return to the palace, having an ambiguous relationship with Yu Yuchang. In 8 BC, Emperor Han Chengdi committed suicide by taking medicine.

Become a queen

Xu is the daughter of riding generals Sima Yi and Ping Enjia, the niece of Liu's mother, and the cousin of Emperor Han Chengdi. In 34 BC, Emperor Hanyuan mourned for his mother, Xu Pingjun, and was assassinated by Huo soon after. He betrothed his cousin to Chu Jun Yuxin, who gave birth to a son for Chu Jun Yuxin, but he died young.

In 33 BC, Emperor Hanyuan died in May. On June 22, Crown Prince Ao succeeded Han Chengdi. After Emperor Xian of Han succeeded to the throne, Xu gave birth to a daughter for Emperor Xian of Han and died young. On March 3rd1year BC19th, Emperor Hancheng made Xu the queen.

Pet Huang Guan Hougong

Xu Tianzi is clever and good at writing official script. From the crown princess to the queen, they were all favored by Emperor Hancheng, and the concubines in the harem were rarely summoned. Emperor Hancheng loved the harem for more than ten years.

The disaster was abandoned.

When Xu was lucky in the harem, the most powerful general was Wang Feng, who was in charge of state affairs. Since 30 BC, there has been a "vision" for three years in a row, and many people who make suggestions put the blame on Wang Feng. Gu Yong and others think that it is Xu's fault that the harem is too prosperous. In 28 BC, Emperor Han Chengdi reduced the use of pepper houses and courtyards in the province, and his affection for Xu was also decreasing. Many concubines in the harem are favored.

In BC 18, after the Zhao sisters entered the palace, Xu's position became even more unstable. Xu's sister is safe and sound, and so are his wife Wei and others. Women courted pregnant women in the harem and Wang Feng. The story came to light. The queen was very angry. She threw these people into prison and tortured them. Xu Wei and others were executed. 165438+1October16, Xu was deposed as the queen. After being deposed, Xu lived in Zhaotai Palace for more than a year.

Find the back seat.

In 17 BC, Xu moved from Zhaotai Palace to Changting Palace, which was called Changting Pavilion. In BC 10, Xu's sister Xu Kan was widowed at home. Dingren Hou Chunyu took the opportunity to have an affair with Xu Kan and married him. Seeing that Chun Yuchang was favored by the emperor, Xu bribed Chun Yuchang through his sister Xu Kan to put in a good word for himself in front of the emperor and let him go out of the cold palace and return to the harem. Chun Yuchang accepted Xu Shi's money, horses and chariots, clothes and driving equipment. Counting tens of thousands of silver, he vowed to "rebuild Xu and become the left queen." Xu Xin thought it was true, immersed in the fantasy of Chun Yuchang's "left queen" and relied on Chun Yuchang to intercede for him in front of Emperor Han Chengdi. In 9 BC, Emperor Han Cheng sympathized with Xu and wrote, "Mrs. Xu, Wei has committed a heinous crime. Fortunately, her family pardoned her and returned to her hometown. " Let Hou Pingan and Xu's relatives in Shanyang County return to Beijing. '

There was an accident.

In the eighth year BC, Wei Yan and Shi Zhongchun were very popular with the emperor and the empress dowager, trusted and reused, and their officials were defeated. On June+10, 5438, Wang Mang clashed with the government because of his position as deputy government. Wang Mang later revealed to the emperor and empress dowager that Chunyu had been accepting bribes from Xu for a long time. The queen mother was very angry, and Emperor Han Chengdi suspected. However, under the pressure of the Queen Mother, he had to dismiss Chun Yuchang and asked him to leave the capital and return to Guo Feng. Although Xu Shi has not been investigated, there is no hope of being reset. 165438+ In October, Chun Yuchang tried to beg the emperor to restore his official position by bribing Hongyang Hou Wangli. Wang Li was moved by this generous bribe and interceded for him. However, the feud between Wang Li, Hong Yang Hou and Chun Yuchang has a long history, which aroused the suspicion of Emperor Han Cheng and ordered a thorough investigation of Chun Yuchang. In February 65438, Chun Yuchang admitted the crime of "being an enemy of Chang and attempting to establish a left queen". Emperor Hancheng immediately issued a letter to put Chun Yuchang in prison.

Suicide by poisoning

In the 8th year BC, when Emperor Hancheng thoroughly investigated Chun Yuchang's crimes, he learned that Xu bribed Chun Yuchang to take the second place, and Chun Yuchang insulted Xu, so he sent Ting Wei Kong Guang to take poison for Xu, and Xu committed suicide by taking poison. He died and was buried in a stable west of Yanling.

Historical evaluation

Han Shu of Ban Gu: "After wisdom, he is good at history books"; "The works of Zhang Hui, Jing Ke, Chen Wu, Xuanzang, Cheng, Fu Yuan and Wang Ping are all enviable things, but they are not measured by days. If you blame yourself, how can you feel embarrassed! "

About the name

"There is a sentence in Xu's epiglottis that doesn't write her name:" I can't eat enough with cloth. "

Xu Shen's interpretation of kua in Shuo Wen Jie Zi is: kua: praise. Follow the words. Exaggerated. I am proud of having enough food and clothing. I was born in a well-fed family. Note "Han Shu" Meng Kang thought: "Exaggeration, great service."

According to this sentence, I think her name should be Xu Kua. Women in the Han Dynasty wrote letters with concubines at the beginning and signatures at the back, and then called them concubines. That's an ordinary corpse.

I'll give you some advice.

Xu, the filial queen, was loved by Emperor Han Chengdi for a long time, but all her children died young. Empress Zheng Jun and Han Chengdi's uncle were worried that Han Chengdi had no heir. At this time, the disaster repeated itself. Ministers Liu Xiang, Gu Yong and others said it was the fault of the harem, pointing at Queen Xu. Emperor Han Chengdi thought their words were reasonable, so he wrote a letter to "save the Chili Pavilion as the court."

In order to protect the rights and interests of the queen, Queen Xu wrote a book "Duchamp" and gave it to Emperor Han Cheng, analyzing the reality and citing examples of the old system, hoping that Emperor Han Cheng could abide by the truth. Emperor Hancheng read Xiao Huanghou's book Shang Yan Shu Jiao Fang Shu Du and said, "It's up to you. Emperor Han Chengdi believed that saving Queen Xu's bedroom expenses would help her establish a good moral character. Empress should set an example for the sixth house, reduce consumption, give priority to humility and thrift, and attack the harem.

grave

In the early spring of the third year of Emperor Hancheng, he began to repair the mausoleum in Yanling Pavilion in Weicheng, northwest of Chang 'an, hence the name "Yanling". There is also a mass grave west of Yanling, which is suspected to be the tomb of Queen Xu. It is said that "being a wise man later, he is good at writing poetry documents" and won the favor of the emperor. After Zhao entered the palace, he told the emperor about it in order to seize the queen's throne. As a result, it was sealed by the queen and abandoned in Zhaotai Palace. In 8 BC, he committed suicide by taking poison and was buried at the intersection of Yanling in the west of Ma Peng.