There is only one window in the house, and the light is very dark. There is a small table, four stools and a small cupboard, in which there is a pot for making tea, a mirror, a box for putting clothes and a wooden bed covered with straw mats. Yekaterina gave birth to three children in this house, but they all died. 1879 65438+February 21heuke's fourth child is Stalin. His parents named him Joseph Vissarion Norwich dzhugashvili, and later he took part in the revolution and changed his name to Joseph Stalin. Parents regard this only son as the apple of their eye, especially the mother, and pour all their love and hard work into Joseph, hoping that his son will grow up as soon as possible. ?
At that time, the ancient town of Gori was still a prosperous place in Georgia. It is located on the Kura River, surrounded by mountains, 76 kilometers away from Tbilisi. There are vineyards, wheat fields and orchards. Gori is a part of what the ancient Greeks called the country of Corgis. According to Greek mythology, Jason, the prince of Saglia, led the heroes of Algoud to look for golden fleece here. In this idyllic environment, Joseph, the son of a poor shoemaker, spent his childhood. ?
In Stalin's childhood, his mother yekaterina occupied a dominant position. Mother, like father, can only speak Georgian. Because of poverty, my father often drinks to relieve his worries, and most of the money he earns is spent on wine. Mother has to work hard day and night to make a living. She washed clothes, baked bread, cleaned the house and sewed clothes, and tried every means to protect her son from hunger and cold. ?
Yekaterina is a devout believer, and it is for this reason that she decided to let Joseph grow up to be a missionary. The liberation of serfs made the seminary open the door for the children of farmers. According to the regulations, missionaries can get married and take charge of a certain religious area, and then they can be promoted step by step. While serving God, he can enjoy a comfortable life that he never dreamed of. This is my mother's wish. In order to achieve this goal, she works both in winter and summer. ?
1in the autumn of 888, Stalin entered the church primary school in Gori town. My mother works as a cleaner in this school. At that time, Stalin could only speak Georgian, and she urged her son to learn Russian, which was a language that missionaries had to learn. Yekaterina also applied for a grant of 3 rubles per month for his son. She can earn 10 rubles as a school cleaner. With this meager income, she and Joseph spent five years in school. Later, two things almost frustrated her wish to become a dragon. Stalin got smallpox at the age of eight and was very ill. But his solid constitution finally got him through it, but his face was always pockmarked. The other thing is her husband's opposition. He must let the children learn the skills of making shoes. You want my son to be a priest and a church official, right? He roared, you'll never get what you want! I am a shoemaker, and my son will be a shoemaker like me in the future! About 1889 One day, Vissarion forced his son to take him to Ajerhanov's factory in Tbilisi. So the family caused an uproar. His wife and neighbors tried to dissuade him, but he didn't change his mind and insisted that his son go to the shoe factory to learn skills. It was not until 1890 that Stalin returned to school according to his mother's wishes after his father was stabbed in an alcoholic fight. The tragic death of his father left a painful mark on Stalin's young mind. ?
Stalin loved his mother and praised her shrewdness. He also admired his mother's kindness and integrity. Stalin advised his mother to move to Moscow for fear that she would be lonely in her later years. She lived in the Kremlin for a while. However, she felt that this place had changed too much from her old life, so she returned to Georgia and lived a quiet and familiar life. 1936, Stalin's mother died at the age of 80. On her deathbed, she said to her dying son, What a pity you didn't become a priest! ?
It is said that after Stalin returned to Gori Church School, he studied harder according to his mother's instructions. He is competitive, intelligent and has an extraordinary memory, so his academic performance is always among the best. 1June, 894, he left school with an excellent certificate. He is only 14 years old. The school guaranteed him to study at Tbilisi Theological Seminary. There is no doubt that the priests know that he is the son of a poor family, and his father died of alcoholism and trouble, so this walk marks the affirmation of his talent and believes that he has a bright future. ?
Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia, is an ancient city, located in the west of Georgia, with a hot climate and heavy sandstorm. There are wide squares and streets extending from them. They are narrow and winding streets, lined with rows of flat-topped houses and markets. In the noisy market, businessmen from Turkey and Persia, as well as Georgians and Armenians, haggle endlessly side by side. 19 At the end of the 20th century, the population of Tbilisi was150,000, mainly Armenians, Georgians and Russians. Tbilisi is the governor's residence sent by the czar and the seat of the Transcaucasian government. People speak various national languages, bustling and noisy. Seeing the importance of Transcaucasia as a border area, the Russian czar government built military highways and strengthened its defense. However, with the rapid development of oil and mining industry, this area began to have new economic significance. 1867, a railway line was laid from Tbilisi to the Black Sea, which soon extended from Tiberius to Baku, an oil city in the Black Sea.