Word count: bug

Times: Eastern Wei Dynasty, Northern Qi Dynasty, Northern Zhou Dynasty and Sui Dynasty

Ethnic group: Han nationality

Place of Birth: Licheng, Qixian County

Date of birth: 547 AD

Time of death: AD 6 15.

Official position: Jingyang made Li Si secretariat.

Son: Fang.

Origin: Qinghe, Hebei (now Qinghe County, Xingtai City)

Fang (547-6 15), born in Licheng (now Jinan, Shandong) and Qinghe (now Qinghe County, Xingtai City, Hebei Province), was an official in Sui Dynasty and the father of Fang, a famous minister of Liang Guogong in Tang Dynasty. He experienced four dynasties in his life.

brief introduction

Fang was originally from Qinghe (now Qinghe County, Xingtai City, Hebei Province). When Fang Zhanqian, the seventh ancestor of Fang Zhanqian, was in office, his family moved to Qi, and Southern Yan made Qingzhou its capital. Licheng District, Jinan City, belonged to Qi County during the Sui and Tang Dynasties. Since then, Fang has always regarded Licheng as his hometown. For more than 200 years, from the sixteen countries to the Fang, the Fang family in Licheng has almost always been an official in politics. Fang's great-grandfather was the prefect of Qixian County and Pingyuan County, and his grandfather was the prefect of Southern Dynasties and Song Dynasty. His father started as a state treasurer (equivalent to today's secretary-general) and also achieved the position of county magistrate.

biographical notes

family background

Influenced by the big family culture and turbulent political transformation, his integrity and skillful political ability have been forged. 65,438+08 years old, as the editor-in-chief of his hometown Qixian, has been in * * *. At the age of 40, he was recommended by the county magistrate to go to Beijing and made supervision suggestions. His duty is to "inspect bailiffs, patrol counties, rectify prisons and clean up courtiers". Its duties are not only like today's discipline inspection and supervision cadres, but also the responsibility of judicial supervision and rectification of the court atmosphere. Although the official product is not high, it is powerful. Later, he moved to Changge County, Henan Province. In the assessment of state officials, he was rated as "the best in the world" because of his honesty and integrity, and was promoted to Sima Jun (the "second-in-command" of state and county military attache).

Resignation and promotion

According to historical records, when he left his post and was promoted, the local people stopped him and erected a monument to praise him. In the ninth year of the great cause of the Sui Dynasty (6 13), he went to Liaodong with the emperor and worked as a supervisor of Fuyu Road (now Northeast China) for a period of time. Later, because he was too honest and frank, he offended powerful people and was transferred to Jingyang county magistrate. He died of illness at the age of 69. Fang is an honest official, and most of his salary is given to his colleagues and relatives, so that history books call him "a family with four walls". He once said to his son Fang, "Everyone is rich because of Lu, but I am poor because of the official. My descendants are innocent. " His moral integrity benefits from his life experience. Although he was born into a noble family, his biological father died when he was young, and he was adopted by his uncle at the age of 15. When his stepmother died, he fasted for five days to show filial piety. At home, whenever his parents sometimes don't eat fresh fruits and vegetables, he never tastes them first. His filial piety is famous in the village. At the same time, he is also very eager to learn and make progress. At the age of seven, he read Yan Hong. He is good at calligraphy when he grows up. It can be said that China's traditional culture has deeply influenced him, so he can also cultivate a generation of celebrities like Fang, an important minister in the Tang Dynasty.

Imperial posthumous gift

In 63 1 year, with the approval of Emperor Taizong, Fang's coffin was moved back to his ancestral grave in Licheng by his son. The court posthumously awarded him the title of "Duke of Xuzhou and Duke of Linzi County", and sent an official drum guard of honor from Luoyang to Licheng. The county where the coffin passed was funded by the local government, and the state government also funded the memorial service. This relocation and burial can be said to be a major event in the early years of the Tang Dynasty, which caused a sensation throughout the country. The square tomb is located in Zhaoshan Zhiyang, Licheng District, Jinan City. There are tombs, tombstones and some stone animals in the tomb. The tombstone was written by historian Li Baiyao and calligrapher Ou Yangxun at that time. 1977 Tomb was announced as a provincial key cultural relics protection unit in Shandong Province. Li Baiyao is the author of Twenty-four History of Northern Qi Dynasty. When Li Baiyao wrote the inscription, he was the right bastard of the prince, aged 66.

Four great masters in early Tang dynasty

Ou Yangxun was a famous calligrapher in Sui and Tang Dynasties, and his calligraphy style was called "European style". He, together with Yu Shinan, Chu Suiliang and Xue Ji at that time, was called the "four great calligraphers" in the early Tang Dynasty. Ou Yangxun was 74 years old when he wrote the inscription. Two well-dressed people were invited to write a book for Fang's father, which showed the solemnity of Fang's coffin's relocation and burial from another angle.

Graves and tombstones

The square tomb is located in Zhiyang, Zhaoshan, north of Caishi Village and south of the road in the west of the town. The tomb is 5m high and 17m in diameter. Fang was the father of Fang, the prime minister in Zhenguan period of Tang Dynasty. He was born in 547 AD and died in 6 15 AD. His ancestral home is Qinghe, Hebei, and his seventh-generation ancestral home is Linzi. He is proficient in Confucian classics and good at official management. He is the main book of Beiqi and qi zhou. During the reign of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty, he served as the censor, the governor of Changgeling, and the super-authorized Sima of Duzhou. Emperor Yang Di ascended the throne and went to official seclusion. Later, he was awarded the post of secretary and secretariat as the Jingyang order.

It is said that the funeral was very grand at that time, and officials from Taiwan Province and Kyushu came from thousands of miles away to express their condolences. The crowns were connected, colorful flags covered the sky, chariots and horses blocked the road, colored stones were everywhere, the well water was exhausted, and there was no grass in the wild. The original stone carvings of Kirin and Weng Zhong in front of the tomb have been arranged in perfect order, and now only the stone sheep and the stone horse are left. The "Xuzhou Gongbei in Tang Dynasty" in front of the tomb was inscribed by Li Baiyao, a famous scholar and calligrapher in the early Tang Dynasty. Elegant and magnificent (this article is now in Shandong Provincial Library). The inscription was written by Ou Yangxun, a famous calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty. Inscription for Lu Feng Lishu, sharp shape, vigorous brushwork, is the only early Tang Dynasty calligraphy and stone carving treasures in the province. 1980 A brick monument was built to protect the monument. The tomb was announced as a provincial key cultural relics protection unit in 1977 and 65438+February.

The existing part of the square tombstone is 300 cm above the ground, with a width of 130 cm and a thickness of 40 cm. It consists of three parts: the head, the body and the height. The head and body of the monument are made of a complete boulder, and the inscription is seal script, with three lines and nine words: "Monument to Fang Gonggong, Governor of Xuzhou in Tang Dynasty", with 36 lines and more than 2,000 words on the front. The main content of Fang is to praise the family. Because Li Baiyao's father and son, Fang Fang, were officials in the DPRK at the same time, they knew each other's history and achievements like the palm of their hand, and because of Fang's factors, it was inevitable that the inscription was praised and derogated. Therefore, in the last part of the inscription, Li Bai praised Fang Yan Qian for his medicinal "four words and one sentence". The inscription mainly describes the situation of relocation and burial and the attention and support of the Tang Dynasty to the relocation and burial activities, so as to show Fang's identity and status. The inscription on the side of a monument like this provides important physical evidence for us to understand the writing format, grammar and engraving form of the inscription in the Tang Dynasty. Therefore, this article was also included in Quantang Wen by later generations.