He has low intelligence, can read and recite, inherits Manchu martial arts tradition and is good at riding and shooting. He has certain attainments in calligraphy, painting and music. In the fifteenth year of Kangxi, he was a scholar, awarded a third-class bodyguard, sought a first-class promotion, and was the third military attache.
His wife Lu, the daughter of Lu Xingzu, governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, gave a gift to a lady. After three years of marriage, his wife died. Ye Yuanli of Wujiang personally wrote an epitaph for her, then married an official and gave her a generous gift. My concubine, Yan, was later accepted as a concubine by Shen Wan in the south of the Yangtze River, and she wrote "Choosing Dreams" and "Charming My Husband" and died. When Nalan Xingde died, he was only thirty-one years old. He was buried in Zaoshitun, west of Beijing, where "a scholar lost weight and mourned the world". There are three sons and four daughters. A woman married a veteran Nian Gengyao.
Nalan Xingde made friends with Zhu Yizun, Gu Zhenguan, Jiang, Yan and other Han celebrities, and won a group of Han intellectuals for the Qing court to some extent. He wrote many works in his life: twenty volumes of Tong Tang Zhi Ji, four volumes of Miscellaneous Knowledge of Lushui Pavilion, and A Brief History of Linz; Set "Yi Ji Yan" 80 volumes, "Chen Liji" 38 volumes; The compilation and selection of books such as Early Collection of Modern Ci, Notes of Famous Poets, Selected Works of All Tang Poems are amazing.
Nalan Xingde is famous for its ci, with 349 existing poems, which are sentimental and stubborn and have a legacy of the late Tang Dynasty. The mourning poem is sincere and painful, and it is unbearable to read. Wang Guowei commented: "Since the Northern Song Dynasty, there was only one person." Zhu Zumou said that "there has been no such author for 800 years", and Tan Xianyun said that "it is important to be tolerant of others, and the lyrics are sad and sad, so people have his arms". At that time, it was widely rumored that "everyone was singing water words, and several people knew Nalan's heart". "Nalan Ci" spread to foreign countries, and the North Koreans said, "Who expected to see Liu Tuntian after Xiaofeng's waning moon?"
The first place of Nalan Ci is the side hat, and the second place is drinking water, which are now collectively called Nalan Ci.
[Edit this paragraph] Nalan Rong Ruo's words
His father, Pearl, was the minister of records in the Kangxi Dynasty. If Rong is a talented scholar, he studies classics and history extensively, and is good at calligraphy and painting. 17 years old is a student, and 18 years old takes the provincial examination. Twenty-two-year-old, Gong Kao Jinshi, was later promoted as a first-class bodyguard. He often accompanied Kangxi to patrol the frontier fortress. At the age of 31, he died of a cold.
Nalan wrote 20 volumes of Children's Anthology, but his greatest achievement was in ci. His poems are fresh and beautiful, with a unique sense of realism and sharpness, pointing directly at his true heart, which has produced a sensational effect of "everyone competing to sing" after his woodcut was published. Behind him, Nalan was praised as "the first poet in Manchu Dynasty" and "the first scholar", and was highly respected by scholars in Qing Dynasty. Wang Guowei praised him for "observing things with natural eyes and expressing feelings with natural tongue". When I first entered the Central Plains, I had not infected the Han people. Since the Northern Song Dynasty, I have only one person. "
In the Republic of China, Nalan was still a typical example of the early death of a famous gifted scholar. This is a proof: Mr. Zhang Henshui wrote in History of the Spring and Autumn Period and Ming Dynasty that a gifted scholar died young at the age of 30, and his friend exclaimed:' Seeing the words written on weekdays, I expected that he, like Nalan Rong Ruo, could not live forever ... "
For a period before the reform and opening up, the research community only paid attention to sociality and ignored artistry. They think that Nalan Rong Ruo's poems, or poems about love or friendship, don't criticize the superstructure at all, and don't care about the working people. Even his poems describing the frontier fortress scenery are shrouded in homesickness and melancholy, and cannot be used as a cover for "praising the great rivers and mountains of the motherland." Therefore, when commenting on Nalan Ci, every contemporary anthology should say something like "thin and narrow content" and "low ideological level". In the books compiled by contemporary people, Nalan and Nalan's ci became the lace of literary history and became a dispensable idle pen.
This view has been re-examined after the reform and opening up, and the artistry of Nalan Ci has been widely recognized and valued. Especially since the 300th anniversary of the death of 1985 Nalan Xingde, Chengde Nalan Xingde Research Association was established, which pushed Nalan research to a climax. 1In August, 1997, the "Symposium on Minority Literature across the Taiwan Strait" co-sponsored by Taiwan History and Literature Society and Chengde Nalan Xingde Research Association was held in Chengde. The study of Nalan Xingde is an important topic of this conference, and a number of high-quality academic papers have been exchanged. The research on Nalan's family background, life, thoughts and creation is increasingly comprehensive and in-depth. For the general public, Nalan Xingde and Nalan Ci have been widely recognized and loved by people, and some even summarized them as a "social phenomenon".
[Edit this paragraph] Nalan family
The Nalan family can be traced back to Yehe Department of Nuzhen in Haixi before entering the customs. Belle Jintai Stone, the leader of the Ministry, was trapped and died in the war against Nuerhachi's unification of the northeast Jurchen.
Niyahan, Nalan's grandfather, moved to Jianzhou with Yehe Department and was assisted. In the process of Manchuria's entry into the customs, Lu Niu Zhang Jing (riding captain) appointed Jigong. Niya Han's wife, Murch, has her eldest son Zheng Ku and her second son Pearl.
Mingzhu was born in October 10th of the 9th year of Tiancong (1635, 165438+ 10, 19), and served as a bodyguard in her early years. Wei Zhiyi moved to the Ministry of Internal Affairs as a doctor, head of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, bachelor of Hong Wen Academy, minister of punishments, minister of war and university student of Wuyingdian. People respectfully call it "Guo Xiang". He lived in the cabinet for thirteen years, "taking charge of the world's politics", and played an active role in major events such as discussing the withdrawal of San Francisco, unifying Taiwan Province Province and resisting foreign enemies. At the same time, as a feudal power minister, he also took advantage of the emperor's favor, monopolized state affairs, took bribes for money, sold officials and titles, and was disintegrated. In the internal struggle of the feudal ruling group, he experienced ups and downs. Pearl's wife, Juerosh, is the twelfth son of Nurhachi and the fifth daughter of Prince Aki of England. There are three sons: the eldest son Nalan Xingde, the second son Nalan Paixu, and the third son Nalan Paifang.
Nalan Shouxu, the second son of Mingzhu, was originally an agreement and bodyguard, and was later read by imperial academy. He was awarded a bachelor's degree and served as assistant minister of the Ministry of Industry, moved to the right assistant minister of the Ministry of Industry, moved to the left assistant minister of the Ministry of Industry, and moved to the left capital of Douchayuan, still in charge of imperial academy affairs. He wrote Yi Ji, Ji Li Ji and so on. Because the problem of establishing warehouse angered Kangxi, he was accused of spreading the truth by mistake. It was not until the Yongzheng dynasty that his reputation was further degraded, and it was not until the Qianlong period that he was restored. Geng Shi is the daughter of Geng Juzhong. Geng Juzhong was the third brother of Geng, one of the "San Francisco" in the early Qing Dynasty. The third son of Geng Jimao, king of Jingnan. Geng Juzhong married the daughter of King Yue Le of An Jun and Princess Shuoroujia, and gave birth to Geng Shi. Because of this relationship, Geng Shi went in and out of the palace, and was called Gege from top to bottom. Geng Juzhong was loyal to the Qing Dynasty, but did not follow the "San Francisco Rebellion" and was named Prince of Taibao.
Nalan Paifang is the third son of Mingzhu. His wife is the great-grandson of Daishan, the prince of propriety, and the eighth daughter of Shu Jie, the prince of Shuokang, who is the monarch. As an attached horse, Fang enjoys the same courtesy as Qi Huangong. The couple died one after another, leaving two sons: Zhao An and Yuan Pu. Later, Kangxi ordered the couple to adopt and changed their names to Yongshou and Yongfu.
At the age of sixteen, Nalan Yongshou was appointed as deputy commander of Manchuria, assistant minister of rites and assistant minister of Ministry of War. Yongshou married the deputy commander of the Han army in Zhenghuangqi, including the daughter of Taigong, and gave birth to four daughters, one of whom later became a hero Shu Fei.
Nalan Yongfu married Sangege, the daughter of Huang Jiuzi Yunchan, and served as the general manager of the internal affairs office. Because of the blood relationship with Zhang Yue's ninth son, he successively supported Yunxi and Yunchan in seeking the throne, made enemies with Yin Zhen's fourth son, became the political enemy of Yongzheng, hated his guts and was dismissed. Later, he served as assistant minister of Shengjing household department until four years of Qianlong.
Nalan Zhandai is the grandson of Nalan Xingde. He was the deputy governor of Manchuria, the official leader of Qianlong Dynasty and the commander-in-chief of Zhili Prefecture. He posthumously awarded his father Fogg as the deputy governor of Manchuria, Dr. Guanglu, and Jin gave Dr. Guanglu as the governor and commander-in-chief of Zhili. His mother, Lu and his mother, Yan, also "presented Mrs. Yipin".
Nalan family was an official for generations because of the feudal aristocratic system, and was once a very important minister, which was inextricably linked with the Qing Dynasty through blood and marriage. Nalan Xingde himself, his younger brother Xu and his son Fogg are all very talented. The officials served by fathers, brothers and children are both civil and military, which constitutes a family pedigree, which is the epitome of the feudal upper class and has quite typical significance.
[Edit this paragraph] Detailed introduction
Nalan Xingde was born in Beijing on December 12th in the 11th year of Shunzhi (A.D.1655,65438+1October, 19). His father was the Pearl of the Prime Minister when Emperor Kangxi was in power, and his mother felt that Roche was the fifth daughter of Prince Archie of England, and Mrs. Yipin was ordered to be executed. His family, Nalan's, belonged to Huang Zhengqi, and was one of the eight surnames of Manchu in the early Qing Dynasty, and was later called Yehenala's. Nalan Xingde's great-grandfather was named Jin Taishi, whose real name was Ye Baylor, and his younger sister Meng Gu. In the 16th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, Nalan Xingde married Nurhachi and gave birth to Prince Huang Taiji. Since then, the Nalan family has a very close relationship with the royal family. Therefore, it can be said that Nalan Xingde was arranged by fate into the family of emperors and nobles when he was born, and his life was doomed to be colorful. However, perhaps it is nature's trick, and Nalanxingde is just "although it is full of prosperity, it is not too restrained." Nothing is difficult in the world, only care about wealth, wealth and poverty. Being in the halls and mansions, I often think of mountains, rivers, fish and birds. "
Nalan Xingde was born in the twelfth lunar month and was called Dong Lang as a child. He has been very talented since he was a child, and he is obsessed with reading. He learned to ride and shoot when he was a few years old, and entered imperial academy at the age of 17. He was appreciated by Xu, who made a toast to imperial academy and recommended it to his younger brother, Xu, a bachelor of cabinet and assistant minister of does. Nalan Xingde 18 years old took the township entrance examination and senior high school entrance examination in Shuntianfu. 65,438+09 years old, preparing to take the final exam, but unable to take the palace exam due to illness. In the next few years, he studied harder and worshipped Xu as a teacher. Under the guidance of a famous teacher, in two years, he presided over the compilation of a 1792 volume of "Confucian Collection-Tongzhitang Jingjie", which was appreciated by the emperor and laid the foundation for future development. He also compiled his knowledge and experience in the process of getting familiar with the classics, as well as biographical records of his classmates. In three or four years, he compiled a four-volume Miscellaneous Collection of Lushuiting, which covered the knowledge of history, geography, astronomy, calendar, Buddhism, music, literature and textual research. It shows his extensive knowledge base and various hobbies.
When Nalan Xingde was 22 years old, he took the Jinshi exam again and got the seventh place in Dimethyl with excellent results. Emperor Kangxi granted him the position of third-class bodyguard, and later he was promoted to second class and then to first class. As a bodyguard around the emperor, he participated in romantic and gentle poems as a handsome and mighty military attache. He traveled around with the emperor, was ordered to participate in important strategic reconnaissance, recited poems and translated them with the emperor, and was awarded many times for his sacred will. He is an enviable young talent, both civil and military, a trusted minister valued by the emperor, and a promising official and senior official.
But as a poetic genius, he was tired of the vulgarity of officialdom and the life that followed, and had no intention of fame and fortune. Although "in the halls and mansions, there are often thoughts of mountains and rivers and birds." His poems and essays are excellent, especially his ci, which is famous all over the world. At the age of 24, he compiled his own words into a collection, named "The Collection of Side Hats" and later renamed "Drinking Water Words". Later, someone added 342 articles to the two collections and edited a place called Nalan Ci. Nalan Ci, handed down from ancient times, enjoyed a high reputation in the society at that time, was highly praised by scholars and became an outstanding representative of the ci circle of that era.
In terms of making friends, the most prominent feature of Nalan Xingde is that his friends are all "handsome and different from the world at one time, and it is said that the world is difficult to get along with at one time". These unpopular people are mostly Han literati in the south of the Yangtze River, such as Gu Zhenguan, Yan, Zhu Yizun, Jiang. Nalan Xingde is very sincere to his friends, not only generously helping the poor, but also respecting their character and talents, just like the 3,000 diners in Ping Yuanjun. At that time, many celebrities and talents surrounded him, making his residence Lvshuige (now Bourne Pavilion, the former residence of Soong Ching Ling) famous for its elegant gathering of literati and poets, which objectively promoted the cultural prosperity of Kanggan. The reason is that Nalan Xingde can learn the knowledge of China culture that he admired from Han intellectuals to a certain extent. More importantly, he has his own lofty ideals and noble personality, which obviously makes his actions deviate from the mainstream of society, thus becoming a research hotspot for future generations.
1674, when Nalan Xingde was twenty years old, he married the daughter of Lu Xingzu, the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi. It was the eighteenth year of Lu's life, and he was "born in Yongfu, with a dignified sex". After marriage, the two loved each other, and a happy life inspired his poetry creation. But only three years later, Lu died in childbirth, which brought great pain to Nalan Xingde. Since then, "there are many lamentations, and the hatred of bosom friends is especially deep." The heavy spiritual blow made him repeatedly show endless yearning for love and lost homesickness in his later mourning poems. After Nalan Xingde, she continued to marry into the official family and had a side room Yan. It is worth mentioning that when Nalan Xingde was 30 years old, she accepted Shen Wan, a talented woman in the south of the Yangtze River, with the help of her good friend Gu Zhenguan. Shen Wan, whose real name is Yu Chan, is a native of Wucheng, Zhejiang Province, and is the author of Choosing Dream Ci. Concentrate on mourning the work "Abundant God Does Not Reduce Husband". Unfortunately, their love ended in tragedy because of Nalan Xingde's family reasons, and Shen Wansan returned to Jiangnan. As a generation of romantic talents, Nalan Xingde's love life is talked about by later generations, and there are also various rumors that catch the wind. The most rumored is that his cousin entered the palace, but there is no way to verify it.
The poet's uninhibited personality, natural detachment, outstanding talent and free and easy fame and fortune, together with his rich family background, well-known life experience, golden rank and jade hall, and his future as an official, constitute a sense of contradiction and intangible psychological depression that ordinary people can't observe. Coupled with the early death of his beloved wife, it is difficult to reunite old dreams in the future, and the gathering and separation of literary friends makes him unable to get rid of his deep confusion and pessimism. Tired of career, disdainful of wealth and disdainful of official career, he has no intention to care about anything that can be taken away easily outside his body, but he is obsessed with love that cannot last long and the natural harmony between his heart and the environment. In the late spring of the 24th year of Kangxi, when he was ill, he got together with friends, got as drunk as a fiddler, sighed, and then got sick. Seven days later, he died on May 30th.
Although Nalan Xingde only had a short life of 3 1 year, he was one of the famous poets in Qing Dynasty. At that time, when Ci was flourishing, he was known as the "three outstanding poets in Qing Dynasty" together with Chen Weisong, the representative of Yangxian School, and Zhu Yizun, the head of Zhexi School. But in contrast, Nalan Xingde is a Manchu dignitary who has just entered the customs. It is amazing that he can master and use Chinese culture so profoundly.
There are 348 poems (342 stories) about Nalan Xingde, which involve love and friendship, frontier fortress in the south of the Yangtze River, chanting things and history, and miscellaneous feelings. Although he has rich experience as a writer, the number of his poems is small, and his vision is not wide, but his poems are charming because of emotion, and Nalan Xingde is a very real person, so his poems are excellent at that time and later generations, and are highly respected. Wang Guowei, a famous scholar in modern times, spoke highly of him: "Nalan Rong Ruo looks at things with the eyes of nature and expresses his feelings with the tongue of nature. It's been like this since I first entered the Central Plains and didn't get infected with Han culture. Since the Northern Song Dynasty, there has been only one person. " Kuang Zhouyi also praised him as "the first hand at the beginning of the country" in HSBC Thorn.
Nalan Xingde's Ci has been accepted as a side hat and drinking water, and later generations often call it Nalan Ci. Looking at Nalan Xingde's ci style, it is fresh and beautiful, sad and stubborn, quite close to the late Tang Dynasty. And he himself appreciates Li Yu very much. He once said: "the words between flowers, such as ancient jade, are expensive and not applicable;" Song Ci is applicable and of low value, and Li Houzhu has its beauty at the same time, which is even more confusing. "
[Edit this paragraph] Physical observation
There are many landscapes about water and lotus flowers in Nalan Xingde's poems. First of all, its other industry is called "Dew Pavilion". No matter how controversial the location of Lvshuige is at present, no matter it is on the Shichahai side of Beijing, under the Yuquan Mountain in the western suburbs, or by the Yu He River in Zaojiatun, its fief, there is no water word left. Is it a building near the water or a garden with water? For water, Nalan has a special liking for morality. In the traditional culture of China, water is regarded as a living substance and is considered beneficial. The virtue of using water is better than a gentleman. Moisturizes all things, is warm and firm, and flows endlessly, giving it philosophical connotation from the perspective of material principle. This is what the poet Nalan Xingde pays special attention to.
After the Ming Dynasty made Beijing its capital, many dignitaries built private gardens inside and outside the city. For example, the British Park in the city, the Tsinghua Campus of Li Wei in the western suburbs, and Yuan Shao in Cao Langmi Wanzhong are all very famous. In the Qing Dynasty, especially when the royal family built gardens in the western suburbs, from Changchun Garden to Yuanmingyuan in its heyday, three mountains and five gardens almost reached the peak in the history of ancient gardening in China. In order to follow suit, to facilitate the class and to enjoy it, princes and ministers also bought land in the western suburbs and built their own gardens and villas. Pearl is only a stone's throw away from Changchun Garden, and there is a "self-pleasing garden". Using the mountains and rivers of Haidian and Xishan, a private garden that looks like Jiangnan was built. Nalan Xingde named his career "Dew Pavilion", on the one hand, because there is water, on the other hand, because the virtue of water is compared with itself. And his book is also titled "Miscellaneous Knowledge of Lushuige". Poets take the water as their friend and companion, which is clear, secluded and far away. They recuperate and relax here, write poems and lyrics, study classics and history, write books, invite guests to get together and learn poetry books-a good Taoist cultural salon. Only when he died, he didn't leave his green water pavilion. In contrast, in Haidian, which is rich in water springs, a monk named Wu Fu built a dry garden and a mountain temple in it. There are three properties in the downtown area of Haidian Town, which is convenient but boring. Sally, a royal businessman, built a house thoroughfare, which was more gorgeous but less elegant. Imagine that if this great poet, whose nature is water, borrows water to express his feelings without water, his emotional stimulation and creative inspiration will be greatly reduced or even almost exhausted. If the mountain is the theme and the mountain is the mind, then his art must be another style.
There are many descriptions of lotus flowers in Nalan Xingde's poems. It is more appropriate to compare the noble character of Nalan's son with lotus. Getting rid of mud and sticking to it is the realm advocated by scholars and elegant people. It originates from the relevant teachings of Buddhism, and regards lotus as a symbol of the other. In the traditional culture of China, the "four gentlemen" such as plum, bamboo, orchid, chrysanthemum, pine and cypress, lotus flower are personified, which endows people with personality, emotion and interest and makes them have specific cultural and philosophical connotations. Zheng Banqiao's bamboo, Jin Nong's plum, and Cao Xueqin's stone have all become cultural totems that entrust literati's mentality and feelings. However, Nalan Xingde recognized the lotus. His name is Lengga Mountain, and people who have Zen values lotus more. Where Nalan Xingde lives and enjoys, there is water, and the lotus in the water cultivates the poet's temperament. There are ten miles of hibiscus on the banks of Wengshan Lake, a hibiscus hall under Yuquan Mountain, a clear water lotus pond next to the green water pavilion, and the West Garden site of Zaojiatun Pearl Garden, with lotus-patterned white marble railings unearthed ... All these show that it is closely related to Nalan Xingde's life and creation, and always exists with the poet's spirit.
China literati pursue the understanding of material essence, and link it with philosophical concepts such as outlook on life and world view, so as to guide life and career and make it artistic. At the intersection of philosophical rationality and artistic enthusiasm, it has sprouted. Nalan Xingde is no exception. Nalan Xingde observed his philosophy with outstanding art in the form of poetry.
[Edit this paragraph] The scenery is infinite
Many of Nalan Xingde's poems were written when he was driving in Xishan, Beijing. Almost all these places can be tracked and recorded. These feelings and feelings caused by scenic spots and historical sites all have their place. By observing the place where he wrote, we can have a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of the reasons for Nalan Xingde's poetry creation, his rich knowledge of literature and history, and his accurate feelings about the image of objective things. Nalan Xingde traveled with Kangxi to Zhu Baodong, the "Eight Great Scenic Spots". Michelle Ye, his entourage, wrote "The Tide of the Sea and the Pearl Cave". "The desert is stormy, the cold tobacco is withered, and the mountains and rivers rise and fall everywhere. White sky mountains and clear skies in Wan Li at night are not bleak at all. The past is the most painful. I miss Tongluo Hutong and Jingu scenery. Several places are out of the palace, and this boy is still herding cattle and sheep. The desert is covered with yellow sand, with a row of mulberry stems and snow sculptures. A smoke, a dream rain, endure to watch the sunset in the forest. Returning to the geese for two or three rows, I saw clouds and low water, and iron rode on barren hills. At dusk, monks eat, and the door is opened to cool the moon and blow clothes. " Standing on the pavilion overlooking Zhu Baodong at the top of Pingpo Mountain, you should look south and east. Looking south, the Yongding River is misty, and the Xishan alluvial fan formed by its thousands of years of flooding and scouring not only formed the Beijing Plain, but also played a vital role in the paleogeography of Beijing. Up to now, large areas of barren sand and countless earth mountains can still be seen on both sides of the river. Not far from the foot of the mountain are Babaoshan, Laoshan, Tiancun Mountain and Shijingshan. The Han tombs two thousand years ago are little known. At the foot of the mountain, the tomb of Princess Cuiwei in Yuan Dynasty was lost, and the burial place of nobles in Ming Dynasty was gradually replaced by the tomb of princes in Qing Dynasty. Looking to the southeast, the ruins of Liao and Jin dynasties are especially bad. Beijing in Ming and Qing dynasties on the ruins of Yuan Dynasty is full of purple gas from the East. Liao and Song Dynasties fought the "Battle of Gaoliang River" in Zizhuyuan, north of Huichengmen, which led to the fall of Song Jun. Jinbing captured Youzhou and Liao and built their capital on them. After the Yuan people set fire to Jinzhongdu, they moved eastward to build Dadoucheng. Historical changes, dynasty changes, and the rise and fall of the capital have triggered the infinite feelings of Nalan Xingde.
Nalan Xingde wrote "Recalling Qin 'e's Longtankou" on the way to Xishan Black Dragon Pool by car. "The mountains overlap and the cliff is suspected of cracking. The sky is suspected to be cracked, the inscription is broken, and the ancient moss is horizontal. The wind howled, the gold and iron sounded, and the dragon cave at the bottom of the depressed pool was gloomy. Longdong is full of eyes, and the old moon is bright. " Black Dragon Pool is located in the north of Huamei Mountain, under the northeast cliff at the mountain pass. The stone here is blue and black, the trees are bleak, the shade is dense, and the moss is slippery. Spring water gushes from the bottom of the deep pool, and the water potential is relatively strong. The surrounding mountains are higher and more lush under the shade, because the soil in the valley is thick and the shade contains water, which is not as dry as the wind on the sunny slope. Under the dark cliff in Tankou, people will feel the rock cracking and the depth of the pool water is unpredictable. This spring water belongs to underground rivers in karst caves and cracks in limestone areas, with a large amount of water. The limestone stratum formed in Baioge period is consistent with the stratum of the big cave (no longer there) behind Baijiaqing Huozhi Spider Mountain (Lime Mountain) three miles away, and it is directly related to the cave named Haiyan, which once had water. The rocks here are not only different from the "volcanic head" stratum structure of red volcanic sandstone connected with the south vein, one is red and the other is black, and this spring water is also different from the mountain springs such as Xiangshan Shuangqing, Yingtaogou, Baijishui and Xiangshuiyuan behind the Seven Kings Tomb. It does not leak under the mountain stratum culvert, but forms the spring outcrop at the foot of the mountain, which belongs to the underground river water with karst landform. Therefore, this "dragon" is not small. Legend has it that seven sons of the Dragon King of the East China Sea lived in seclusion here. In the Qing Dynasty, it was once the Royal Black Dragon King Temple. Therefore, the water gushing situation described in "A Brief Introduction to the Scenery of the Imperial Capital" is correct. Nalan Xingde's intuitive feelings are also accurate. Not to mention the comment in the History of Qing Ci that "the sense of Ci is more than twice as strong as Yao Siyue". In this regard, it can also be verified from the perspective of modern science that Nalan Xingde pays attention to real feelings and observes things in detail, which is quite accurate. Nalan sang Nalan's virtue in the academy, which also made people who had been to the temple feel more appropriate. The Academy established the Liao Dynasty. What Nalan Xingde saw in the Academy was a regulation of the Ming Dynasty. It is one of the "eight great temples" in Beijing. Up to now, the Mahatma Hall and the III Buddha Hall still retain the wooden structure of the Ming Dynasty. The Academy has a wide courtyard, tall halls and many flowers and trees, among which Magnolia and Ginkgo are the most famous. (After liberation, it has been an internship forest farm of Forestry College.) Exquisite murals and hanging sculptures are preserved in the main hall. Up to now, statues such as the main Buddha statue, "Twenty Celestial Realms" and "Twelve Realms" have been well preserved. Therefore, Nalan Xingde's "Huanxisha Academy" "Yan Lei's empty beams draw cold walls, and flowers and rain scatter the sky." The imprint of Xiang Qing and Brahma is endless. At first glance, the butterfly looks at the shade, and the cherry is half a bird. At this time, it is more silent. "Among them, empty beams, painted walls, heavens, butterflies and birds were not invented by the author. But also let people want to see the guards patrolling under the steps of Gaotang, on duty in the quiet official courtyard. This sense of position between man and landscape and Brahma's sense of tranquility can be felt in the fields today. When Nalan Nalan Xingde stayed in Longquan Temple, he wrote "The Longquan Mountain Temple in Wufasu", which outlined a small temple and environment and even the author's location in just a few lines. The mountain peak behind Longquan Temple is granite, steep and sharp, like a mountain. Therefore, there is a word "fierce cultivation" in the poem. Because of the limitation of terrain, the temples and courtyards in the temple are not deep, but lined up horizontally. Subordinate group rooms are arranged from west to east. If Nalan Xingde is laid off at night, he will think of Buddhism related to Emperor Wanli of the Ming Dynasty. Seeing the Ming Tombs in the temple is probably the easternmost place of the group houses. This is the last yard, and the house is not too big. Judging from the current security control, this is also the place to set up posts. The female walls on the east and south sides of the small courtyard are waist-high, and you can see very high and far against the railing. What you can see is the southeast and northeast. The Ming Tombs are in the northernmost part of the field of vision. There is an ancient stone road that starts from the foot of Nvbi Gaoling, which is one of the ancient roads for pilgrimage to Miao Feng. Standing on this high place and extending to the northeast along the ancient road, the poet's thoughts flew to Tianshou Mountain and crossed the century. When Nalan Nalan Xingde wrote about the water around Haidian and Yuquan Mountain, he often compared it with Jiangnan. Indeed, this area is rich in water resources, with rivers and lakes connected, sails and water chestnuts, flat dikes on sand banks, or "wine tours in Shili Lake", or riding the spring breeze on flat dikes. In short, when writing this kind of scenery, it is generally fresh and lyrical, not like the nostalgia before, but more dignified and deep. On the one hand, it reflects that his character is consistent with the water complex. On the other hand, influenced by the culturally developed Jiangnan at that time, it is easy to form an internal coincidence in the author's mood and arouse his comfortable and bright creative mood. Influenced by the scenic spots he experienced, Nalan Xingde's poems are emotional, from single-minded to infinite. This is the source of his life, which has the function of prompting and edifying his creation. In this sense, it is also a gift from life to his creation.
Zheng Wenjing zengzhu
The annual entrance season is coming, and children's enrollment has become a hot topic in the parents'