Second, China's Solra strategy:
The 60th anniversary celebration of the US Air Force has been held on the Internet. In some military forums, a topic is often discussed: What is the development of China's space technology?
Although the military experts interviewed did not give a clear answer to the reporter of Outlook Newsweek, they affirmed that our army is making great efforts to study some practical and effective countermeasures.
The air force will undoubtedly be an important force in the future air and space war. Wang, director of the Strategic Teaching and Research Section of the Air Force Command Academy, said that the next goal of the Air Force is to use the information provided by the space-based system platform to support aerospace air strikes, air defense and anti-missile combat missions and "solve the bottleneck problem that restricts the support of space-based information systems".
Wang Yawei believes that there are many paths for leap-forward development, but one thing is certain, that is, it is different from the American space development model. The path of the United States is relatively strong, emphasizing flexible and rapid entry into space, intercepting and shooting down other countries' spacecraft, and gaining a dominant position in the aerospace field. "We still focus on defense and properly maintain asymmetric strike capability."
This development model is closely related to the actual level of science and technology. Li Daguang cited an example: China successfully destroyed an abandoned satellite in orbit in 2007, but the United States had already tested the satellite killer as early as 1980s, and used this technology to build a missile defense system.
"In the long run, it is necessary to develop the technology of air and space integration and put forward higher requirements for a country's basic industries." Wang Yawei cited the space plane as an example from three aspects: first, power. In order to break through the technology of scramjet, space plane can use scramjet in the atmosphere and ignite rocket engine outside the atmosphere, thus achieving maneuverability. Of course, such conversion technology is very difficult, and countries such as the United States and Russia are overcoming this problem.
The second is the material. Aircraft need light weight, good performance and reusable heat protection materials to enter and exit the atmosphere many times.
The third is our own control technology. When an aerospace vehicle enters outer space, it has to change its orbit many times. In order to increase its maneuverability, the control will be extremely complicated.
"Of course, this is also a big boost to the scientific and technological community." Wang Yawei said, "The strategic idea of air and space integration puts a great demand on China's space technology, requiring a series of breakthroughs and innovations in power, materials and flight control, which will surely push space technology to a new field."
The position of peaceful use of space has not changed.
The position of peaceful use of space has not changed.
Shortly after the interview with Air Force Commander Xu qiliang was published in domestic newspapers, sensitive foreign media interpreted it, and it was reported that China's position on the militarization of outer space had changed.
This interpretation is not recognized by Chinese air force military experts. "This is a misunderstanding," said Wang Mingliang, deputy director of the training department of the Air Force Command College. "Commander Xu qiliang's speech has indeed changed compared with the previous expression of air-space integration, but this change is synchronized with the deepening of the theoretical understanding of air-space integration around the world."
He also pointed out that in addition to major air forces such as the United States and Russia, other countries are also building air and space forces, and China must remain vigilant and develop defensive air and space forces, instead of sitting idly by like a bookworm.
In fact, the peaceful use of outer space is one of the air and space security concepts that China hopes to reach a consensus with other countries at this international forum on air force peace and development. However, to maintain air and space security, we must first have the ability of defense and deterrence.
According to Ma Quan, a military expert, Quan Yi should build a strong defense system, effectively resist the enemy's harassment, provocation and attacks from the air, and ensure that its airspace is absolutely inviolable. There will be no unilateral air entry by opponents in disputed land and sea areas, and there will be no harassment and provocation in international navigation channels of territorial waters.
On the other hand, we must maintain a balanced strategic posture in the air and space. Actively develop the space industry, peacefully develop space, protect the safety of our space assets, and ensure that I enjoy the legitimate rights and interests of using space.
Wang, director of the Strategic Teaching and Research Section of the Air Force Command College, pointed out that the uncertainties in the air and space field are increasing, which is also the objective reason why the Air Force put forward a new concept of air and space defense. For example, he said that it is generally believed that the altitude below 20 kilometers is airspace, and the altitude above 100 kilometers is outer space. International law stipulates that outer space is freely accessible and airspace is inviolable. However, the airspace between the two is not clearly defined, and the competition in this field in major countries is very fierce at present.
Build air and space norms and order together.
Build air and space norms and order together.
The International Forum of Multinational Air Forces held in Beijing on June 6, 2000 was regarded by some observers as a simple extension of the concept of "harmonious world" because it advocated the concept of "harmonious air and space". However, experts pointed out to the reporter of Outlook Newsweek that the formulation of "harmonious sky" has its practical direction, including two meanings.
The first level is to promote international air and space security cooperation. Ma Quan believes that the peaceful development and utilization of outer space resources for the benefit of mankind is the basic consensus of the international community and the purpose of China's exploration and development of space. Having high-level astronauts is not the patent of big countries. Only countries with strong technology and economy can independently send astronauts into space. For the members of the "Space Club" who have great space power, international cooperation in the space field will undoubtedly reduce the probability of conflict.
The second level is to jointly establish air and space norms and order. Although 1966 The Outer Space Treaty drafted by the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space stipulates that outer space shall be freely explored and used by all countries and shall not be occupied by any country, in view of the fact that many countries do not have the ability to enter outer space, the principle of first come, first served is actually followed here, and those who have the ability get more.
In contrast, international law stipulates that countries have sovereignty over their airspace, so even if some countries do not have aviation capabilities, their sovereignty over their airspace still exists.
Wang Xiangsui, director of the Center for Strategic Studies of Beihang University, said that some equatorial African countries are strongly critical of the seemingly fair but actually unequal outer space order. They believe that western developed countries have occupied too many precious synchronous orbit resources over the equator, and by the time they can develop space science and technology, there are probably not many orbit resources in space.
Wang Yawei said that for a developing country like China, it certainly doesn't want the space field to be dominated by one or two countries, and only these two big countries will make the rules of the game. Not only in the aerospace field, but also in the political and economic fields. But it's one thing to have such a will, and it's another to express whether it has any effect, which is related to your own strength.
In other words, since China put forward his ideas in multinational forums, it shows that China has a certain strength base. On the other hand, China needs to speed up the development of its own capabilities in order to have more say in future international negotiations on air and space affairs.
Strategic goal editor
With the increasing integration of air and space technology and military power, especially the development and application of unmanned aerial vehicle technology, adjacent space vehicle technology and space technology, the air and space battlefield will become the dominant war, the air threat will evolve into the air and space threat, and it will become the main threat to national defense security, and the air and space will become the strategic commanding heights of national security. Air Force expert Wang Mingliang pointed out on 23rd that China should establish the strategic concept of "ruling the country by air" and safeguard national security.
Wang Mingliang is a professor at the Air Force Command College. In an interview with a reporter from China News Service, he said that it will not be long before: unified construction, management, defense, control and use of space related to national strategic interests, safeguarding national security and supporting national development. Its purpose is to build a high-end strategic field to accumulate energy, gain potential and radiation influence, safeguard national security, and specifically achieve the following objectives:
The first is to maintain air and space security under peaceful conditions. Build a powerful air defense and anti-missile system, effectively resist the enemy's harassment, provocation and attacks from the air and space, ensure that the airspace is absolutely inviolable, and there will be no unilateral air entry by opponents on disputed land and sea areas, and there will be no intrusion and provocation in the international waterway of territorial waters.
The second is to maintain the strategic situation of air and space balance. Actively develop the space industry, peacefully develop space, protect the safety of national space assets, and ensure that China enjoys the legitimate rights and interests of using space. Ensure the realization of "air and space coexistence" in adjacent airspace and a certain range of public airspace, and enjoy the right to freedom of air activities; Establish a stable air strategic border and establish competition and communication rules with major rivals; Construct the monitoring and management of water surface space, form a powerful force of "controlling land by air" and "controlling sea by air", maintain effective monitoring of the national land, sea and space interests, ensure that the national ocean fleet is not threatened and harassed by air, and maintain the influence of air and space on the surrounding main sea passages; Develop the necessary air offensive forces, form a "mutual protection strike mechanism" with the main opponents, and effectively curb the enemy's invasion attempts and actions.
The third is to control the air and space crisis. Expand the scope of air and space activities, enjoy the freedom of action in public airspace, maintain the air and space influence on the surrounding major air and space channels, realize the "reasonable existence" in space for expanding national interests, ensure effective monitoring of the air and space situation in strategic territories, minimize the possibility of sudden air and space crisis, and have the ability to quickly and effectively respond to crisis situations to ensure that the core objectives of the country are not fatally damaged.
The fourth is to promote international air and space security cooperation and build a harmonious air and space. The peaceful development and utilization of outer space resources is the basic consensus of the international community, and it is also the purpose of China's exploration, development and utilization of space. Having high-level astronauts is not the patent of big countries. Only countries with strong technology and economy can independently send astronauts into space. For the members of the "Space Club" who have strong space power, international cooperation in the space field will undoubtedly reduce the probability of conflict and help to build a harmonious air and space, which is the core of our air and space strategic concept.
Wang Mingliang emphasized that since its establishment 60 years ago, China Air Force has developed into a powerful force that no enemy can underestimate. "China not only needs to enter the ocean, but also needs to enter aviation and space. Expanding strength in two directions and striving for interests and power is the meaning of the peaceful development of the country, the will of the nation and the choice of the times. "