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Genetic breeding

Application of AFLP molecular markers in the division of dominant groups of excellent maize inbred lines Wu Shou Cai Dai Crops Journal 2000 26( 1)

Abstract: The genetic diversity of 17 elite maize inbred lines was studied by AFLP molecular marker technique. Four AFLP primer combinations amplified 30, 30, 44 and 4 1 polymorphic bands, with an average of 36.25 bands per primer combination. Four primer combinations amplified 145 bands, and each primer combination could amplify 65,438+. Using AFLP data and cluster analysis, 17 excellent inbred lines were grouped into 6 categories. The results showed that the division of dominant groups in maize by AFLP markers was basically consistent with the pedigree of inbred lines, and AFLP technology could be used to study the genetic diversity of maize inbred lines and divide dominant groups.

Review and Prospect of Compact Maize Breeding —— Li Denghai Crop Magazine 2000 (5)

Abstract: Starting from exploring the high-yield road of maize and tackling key problems of high-yield of summer maize in China, the historical process from popularizing maize hybrids to applying compact maize hybrids for high-yield experiments was described. By comparing the plant types of compact corn and flat corn, it is proved that the yield of compact corn is higher than that of flat corn. Combined with the physiological characteristics of compact maize hybrids, the matching techniques of improved varieties and good methods were explored to create a high-yield summer maize variety of 16444.35kg/hm2. More than 20 compact maize inbred lines widely used by national maize breeding units have been selected, and the selected compact maize hybrids account for more than 1/3 of the national maize planting area. It has promoted the development of maize breeding and high-yield cultivation research in China. This paper puts forward the author's views on the development of compact maize breeding.

Study on the Discovery, Inheritance and Utilization of Maize Male Sterility with Genetic Markers Lin Xiaoyi, Acta Crops, Yang Dianer and Lin Jianxing, 2000 26(2)

Abstract: In 1992, the genetic male sterility with marker trait was found for the first time in maize family 3402F3 (Dan 340× 403-2). Genetic analysis showed that sterility was controlled by 1 pair of recessive genes. When the sterile plant (a) crosses the fertile plant (b), the fertility segregation ratio is close to1:1; The segregation ratio of fertile plants and sterile plants in the offspring of fertile plants (B) was 3∶ 1. The results of linkage genetic analysis showed that the sterile gene (MS) was closely linked with the marker trait gene (plf), and no crossover phenomenon was found. They may be located at the same site on the same chromosome. After five generations of male sterile line breeding, several high-yield dual-purpose lines have been bred. A restorer line HR- 1 with strong dominance and high yield was screened out by test crossing. Two super-high-yield maize hybrids were bred from high-yield genic male sterile lines and strong restorer lines. The yield of plot (0.0066hm2) was 72.0kg and 78. 1kg, respectively, which increased by 18.6% and 28.7% compared with the control Ye Dan 13. This paper also discusses the application prospect of genetic marker high-yield genic male sterile dual-purpose lines, and puts forward the idea of further studying ms -plf gene.

Study on Genetic Variation of Maize Inbred Lines by SSR Markers Li Xinhai Fu Junhua Zhang Shihuang China Agricultural Science 2000 33(2)

Abstract: The genetic variation of 2 1 maize inbred lines was studied by SSR markers, and the heterosis groups were preliminarily divided. 43 pairs of primers with stable polymorphism were screened from 69 pairs of SSR primers. A total of 127 alleles were detected by 43 pairs of primers, and each pair of primers detected 2-7 alleles, with an average of 2.95 alleles. The average amount of polymorphic information is 0.5 1 1. The genetic similarity coefficient between 2 1 inbred lines ranged from 0.480 to 0.768, with an average of 0.627. UUPGMA cluster analysis showed that the tested inbred lines could be divided into two categories. Huang Zaosi formed his own 1 group; The other 20 inbred lines were divided into 5 subclasses. The parents of high-yield hybrid combinations used in production all belong to different groups (subgroups), but no high-yield combinations were found in groups (subgroups). Eight pairs of primers with rich polymorphism information were found, which can be used to identify the tested materials. The results showed that SSR markers could be used to analyze the genetic variation of maize inbred lines and the division of heterosis groups.

2 1 Century Prospect of Maize Genetics and Breeding Engineering Technology in China. Journal of journal of maize sciences, Rong,, 2000 8(2)

Abstract: The research trends in molecular biology and genetic engineering technology of maize genetic breeding engineering abroad were introduced. According to the arduous task of maize genetic breeding research in China and the main problems to be solved, the development strategy of 2/kloc-0 at the beginning of the century was put forward.

Research status and technical integration of three genetic effects of maize. Song et al. Journal of Maize 200 1, 0 1.

Abstract: Based on a large number of detailed data, the research history and present situation of three genetic effects, namely heterosis, male sterility and allelopathy of oil-bearing genes, were reviewed in detail. According to the related genetic theory and practice, the possibility of integrating three genetic effects technologies is put forward, thus forming a high-yield and high-quality corn production model, which may be the development direction of corn production in the future.

Utilization of Heterosis Model of Maize in Shandong Province in 1980s and 1990s Song Zaihua Shi Xinhai Peng Shouhua Yu Fuxin Miscellaneous Crops 200 1, 2

Abstract: Based on the analysis of 37 main maize varieties popularized in Shandong Province during the period of 1980- 199, it was concluded that there were 19 main heterosis patterns and 19 seed patterns in Shandong Province in the 1980s and 1990s. Among them, the most widely used main model is BSSS group× Tangsipingtou group, and the sub-models are 8 1 12 subgroup× Tangsipingtou group, XL80 subgroup× Tangsipingtou group and C 103 subgroup× Tangsipingtou group.

Present situation and prospect of maize recurrent selection Xie Junxian miscellaneous crops 200 1, 2

The research progress of maize recurrent selection at home and abroad was systematically summarized. This paper briefly introduces four new improved methods of maize recurrent selection put forward by Chinese scholars in recent years. At the same time, several important issues are prospected.

Genetic analysis of combining ability of yield traits in maize Journal of High Roots Stretching Organ Maize 200 1, 0 1

The diallel cross analysis of yield traits of eight mid-late maturing maize inbred lines showed that there were significant differences in general combining ability and special combining ability of yield traits of their respective inbred lines. The yield composition of maize hybrid F 1 was influenced by both general combining ability and special combining ability, and the influence of special combining ability on F 1 was greater than that of general combining ability. There is no obvious correlation between special combining ability and general combining ability. Therefore, in the improvement of maize hybrid combinations and inbred lines, it is necessary to give consideration to the general combining ability and special combining ability of parents and maintain the germplasm relationship between heterosis utilization mode and inbred line selection mode.

Combining ability analysis of main quality characters of maize: Journal of journal of maize sciences, 200 1, 0 1, etc.

The general combining ability (GCA) and special combining ability (SCA) of four quality traits (starch, fat content, protein and lysine content) of common corn and their correlation were analyzed by incomplete diallel hybridization. The general combining ability of different parents with the same quality trait is quite different, and the general combining ability of different quality traits of the same inbred line is also different, and the special combining ability of the same quality trait is also different due to different combinations. The general combining ability and special combining ability of parental inbred lines play an important role in hybrid quality traits, and they cannot be substituted for each other.

Studies on male sterility of maize ⅷ. RFLP analysis of mitochondrial DNA in maize Y Ⅱ-1sterile cytoplasm Qin, et al. Acta Crops Sinica 200 1, 2.

Taking T, S and C groups of maize and newly bred Y Ⅱ-1sterile lines as materials, the mitochondrial DNA of these four groups of sterile cytoplasm was digested with four kinds of restriction enzymes, and clear bands with high resolution were obtained by long-distance gel separation. Then five mitochondrial specific gene fragments were used as probes to hybridize with restriction enzyme bands. The results showed that T, S and C groups showed many different hybridization bands with obvious polymorphism. Y ⅱ- 1 hybridization bands are obviously different from T and S groups and slightly different from C groups. This provides an experimental basis for distinguishing sterile cytoplasm group from Y ⅱ- 1 sterile line in genetic composition.

Study on Genetic Effects of Near-isogenic Background of Maize Endosperm Mutant Gene; Aten Tong Ming et al. Acta Crops Sinica 200 1, 2.

Abstract: Eight conventional maize inbred lines and their ae near-isogenic lines were used as materials, and the split plot experiment was carried out with the combination of 16. The agronomic characters such as amylose content, 1000-grain weight and plot yield of each combination with genetic background were determined. The results showed that the 1000-grain weight and plot yield of homozygous aeae combination were generally lower than those of homozygous horse combination, but the amylose content was significantly higher than that of homozygous horse combination. Genetic background has an important influence on the expression of ae gene, and there may be different numbers of modified genes in inbred lines and hybrids.

Study on Heterosis Groups of Maize Inbred Lines by SSR Markers. Journal of Crops 200 1, 2.

Using RFLP and SSR markers, 29 maize inbred lines were divided into heterosis groups, 56 polymorphic RFLP probe enzyme combinations and 66 pairs of polymorphic SSR primers were screened out, and 187 and 232 allelic variations were detected in the tested materials respectively. The comparison between the two methods showed that the average polymorphic information of SSR markers (PIC, 0.54) was higher than that of RFLP markers (0.42). However, the genetic diversity of the tested materials was basically the same, and the average genetic similarity coefficient (GS) was 0.64 and 0.62 respectively. According to the results of RFLP and SSR analysis, the tested materials were divided into five categories: Sipingtou, Lvdahonggu,, and PA. The results were basically consistent with pedigree analysis, and the germplasm with unknown pedigree sources were divided into corresponding heterosis groups. The determination of PN group further improved the basic framework of heterosis group of maize germplasm in China and provided valuable information for breeding practice.

Research progress of maize genetic transformation system Wang Gang et al. Genetics 200 1, 1

Abstract: The establishment of maize genetic transformation system in recent years and the research progress of means and methods of gene introduction were introduced.

Research and Utilization of Wild Related Species of Maize; Journal of journal of maize sciences 200 1, 2.

Abstract: There are two wild related plants of maize, one is annual Mexican maize, and the other is perennial maize. There are two varieties of ratoon maize, one is tetraploid ratoon maize and the other is diploid ratoon maize, which are the other two varieties of maize. These wild species have formed many excellent characters and characteristics under the harsh competition and natural selection conditions in nature. Especially in stress resistance, insect resistance, quality and so on. It is an important basis and way to introduce beneficial genes into cultivated maize, obtain rich and diverse germplasm genetic resources and create a new gene bank. By crossing corn with wild corn, we are cultivating a large number of excellent plants and establishing strains from their hybrid offspring, from which we have cultivated excellent foreign inbred lines and prepared excellent hybrids for production.

Application of Molecular Markers in Maize Genetics and Breeding Wang et al Journal of journal of maize sciences 200 1, 3.

Abstract: The application of molecular marker technology in maize target gene marking, genetic relationship and genetic diversity of maize inbred lines, QTL analysis and heterosis research in recent years was reviewed.

Breeding and grouping identification of three cytoplasmic male sterile lines such as maize and Journal of Crops. three

Abstract: Sichuan G, type 2 and type 3 cytoplasmic male sterile lines of maize were isolated and bred from geographical distant hybridization and relative distant hybridization populations. Identification of restorer-maintainer relationship and mitochondrial DNA analysis showed that all three sterile lines belonged to group C cytoplasmic male sterility. However, from the RFLP banding pattern of mitochondrial DNA, it can be inferred that Chuan G belongs to different subclasses from Group 2, Group 3 and Group C cytoplasmic male sterile lines, which is of great significance to overcome the genetic singleness of Group C cytoplasmic male sterile lines. The sterility of these three sterile lines is stable and easy to recover, and the sterile lines for production have been popularized and applied.

Study on differential expression of maize genes by cDNA―AFLP technique, Acta Crops, Wu Minsheng, Gao Zhihuan, Dai 3.

Abstract: Using cDNA-AFLP technology, the gene expression of maize heterosis combinations, weak heterosis combinations and their parent inbred lines in seedling stage and tassel growth cone extension stage were analyzed. The results showed that there were obvious differences in gene expression between maize heterosis combinations and maize heterosis combinations. There are many types of gene expression, showing qualitative and quantitative differences. Not only improvement, but also parents' silence. The parental silence number of maize heterosis combinations is higher than that of maize heterosis combinations at seedling stage and panicle growth stage, and heterosis may be related to the suppression between parental genes.

DNA RFLP classification of mitochondrial DNA in maize cytoplasm Li et al. Acta Crops 200 1, 4.

In this experiment, the mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)RFLP of maize N, T, C, S, WBMs, 80 1CMS was analyzed by 16 enzyme/probe combination composed of four enzymes and four probes. On the one hand, the mtDNARFLP classification method of maize cytoplasm is studied, which proves that this method can classify the cytoplasm quickly and accurately as long as the enzyme/probe technology system is suitable. It is suggested that the selection of probes should be given priority, followed by enzymes; It is considered that three enzymes/probes, PST Ⅰ/B30, hind Ⅲ/pbcmh3, bamh Ⅰ/phj2-7-1,can be used as the technical system of mtDNA RFLP classification. On the other hand, according to mtDNA·RFLP classification, the newly discovered sterile cytoplasm of WBMs is divided into S group and 80 1CMS group.

Study on the relationship between CIMMYT population and heterosis of China backbone maize inbred lines Li Xinhai et al. Acta Crops 200 1, 5.

The purpose of this paper is to study the heterosis relationship between 10 CIMMYT population and Chinese backbone maize inbred lines by using NC ⅱ genetic mating design, so as to explore ways to broaden the genetic basis of maize germplasm in China by using foreign germplasm. The results showed that in the combination of mating with China backbone inbred lines, Staygreen, 43-C 1 1 and 2 1-C2 had better panicle characters, high combining ability per plant and great utilization potential. Among the 50 combinations tested, 13 combination has positive control advantage. Among them, 8 combinations involved three taxa related to Tuxpeno (taxa 43-C 1 1, taxa 2 1-C2, taxa 49-C6), accounting for 6 1.54%. Among the four strong heterosis combinations, population 43-C 1 1 and population 2 1-C2 participated in the formation. These results indicate that the existing excellent germplasm in China and Tuxpeno germplasm may form a potential heterosis model. The combining ability of characters in populations A8833 and A9245 is generally poor. The heterosis of population 32, gene bank 19-C 19, and yellow grain comprehensive variety C3 and P500 are low, but they can be used as special germplasm resources. The results of this paper provide important information for the effective utilization of these exotic germplasm.

Preliminary analysis on the special combining ability and heterosis mode of yield of high quality protein maize inbred lines: Acta Crops, 200 1, 6.

Abstract: Combining ability analysis and heterosis model of 10 high-quality protein maize strain introduced from CIMMYT and bred in Yunnan were studied. Forty-five hybrid combinations were obtained by partial diallel crossing, and were planted under three different ecological conditions in Yunnan. The results of variance analysis of yield showed that the differences between varieties and environments reached a very significant level, but the differences between repetitions were not significant. The difference of general combining ability of yield reached a very significant level, but the difference of special combining ability was not significant. The yield of hybrid combination CML 147 hybrid ML23 was the highest (85 12.95kg/hm2). The yield of hybrid combination YML 102 hybrid ML 12 was the lowest (1486.05kg/hm2), and the GCA value of inbred line YML23 was the highest (90.90), while inbred line CML149 (35.1hm2). However, the GCA value of inbred line CML 174 was the lowest (-66.23), while the GCA values of inbred lines CML 140 and YML 102 were the highest (95.95), and the GCA values of inbred lines CML 140 and YML29 were also higher. The yield special combining ability effect of inbred lines YML 12 and YML 102 was the lowest (-178. 19). According to the combining ability analysis of yield traits of hybrid combinations, these 10 high-quality protein maize inbred lines can be preliminarily divided into 4 heterosis groups and 4 heterosis modes.

Study on the Division of Heterosis Groups of Maize Inbred Lines by SSR Markers such as Heyuan, Heyuan, Heyuan and Heyuan.

Research Progress in Genetic Breeding of High-quality Protein Maize Ding Zhansheng China Agricultural Science 2000 33 (Supplement)

The research on high-quality protein corn was summarized from three aspects: genetic law, germplasm resources and variety selection. Opaque-2 gene can regulate the synthesis of gliadin and improve the protein quality of endosperm. Modification of gene can overcome the negative effects of opaque-2 gene, and its mechanism may be related to increasing γ -gliadin content. Opaque-2 gene and modified gene were introduced into common maize germplasm, and several high-quality protein maize gene banks and populations were screened out, and the heterosis and combining ability were studied. In the future, we should pay attention to the study of genetic laws and provide new ideas and methods for breeding. Tropical and subtropical regions should continue to broaden the genetic basis by combining cross breeding. In temperate regions, attention should be paid to the introduction, improvement and innovation of germplasm, and simple and effective quality detection methods and molecular marker-assisted selection techniques should be applied in breeding.

Inheritance and Correlation Analysis of Maize Root Traits Wang Dan China Agricultural Sciences 2000 33 (Supplement)

Abstract: The results of inheritance and related research of maize root traits show that there are indeed genetic differences among different parents. The combining ability of root traits of different parents is significantly different, which provides a genetic basis for the combination of maize hybrids with developed roots. At the same time, the inheritance of root traits such as aerial root number, fresh root weight, dry root weight, total root length and total root number is mainly additive, with high heritability and stable inheritance, and its transmission and early generation selection are effective. Correlation analysis showed that the number of aerial roots was positively correlated with fresh root weight, dry root weight, total root length, total root number and soil root number, which could be used as root selection index for maize breeding.

Genetic analysis of maize ear, bud and leaf traits Huo Shiping Yan Qingjiu Xu miscellaneous crops 2000 20(2)

Abstract: The number, length, width and weight of bracts in maize ear were analyzed by NC Ⅱ mating design. The results showed that the additive variance accounted for most of the total genetic variance of the number and width of bracts, and the main genetic performance was additive effect, which conformed to the additive-dominant genetic model. The broad sense heritability (HB2 (%)) was 54.69% and 37.865438 0% respectively, and the narrow sense heritability (HB2 (%)) was 49.42% respectively. In the total genetic variance of bud leaf length and bud leaf weight, although additive variance accounts for the majority, non-additive variance also accounts for about 1/4, even close to 1/2 (bud leaf weight). Hereditarily, besides additive effect, there are dominant effect and epistatic effect, and the HB2 (%) of the two traits are 6 1.62 respectively. In breeding, the focus of these four traits is the choice of parents, but the length and weight of bracts should also pay attention to the dominant effect of alleles and heterosis caused by epistasis between non-alleles.

Study on combining ability effect and genetic potential of maize synthetic population: Journal of Crops 2000 26( 1) Tie Shuanggui Zheng Liu.

Taking six inbred lines as materials, the combining ability effect and genetic potential of six synthetic populations, such as Wuxi 14, Lanhuazao and North America, tropical and subtropical germplasm, and two excellent American populations, BSSSR and BS 16, were systematically evaluated by using NC ⅱ genetic mating design. The results of two-year research show that the yield per plant of LBM, WBM, LLS and WLS is higher than that of BSSSR and BS16. ; Among the 36 combinations tested, the high-yield combinations were mainly concentrated in the combinations with LBM, WBM, LLS and WLS as one of the parents, among which WBM? HZ85 has the highest yield; According to the special combining ability effect and yield performance, several heterosis pairing modes were determined. There is obvious crossover in the division of heterosis groups, which indicates that the synthetic population has rich genetic variation and complex genetic basis, and has good genetic potential of recurrent selection and heterosis combination.

Heterosis of Maize and Germplasm Amplification, Improvement and Innovation Zhang Shihuang Peng Zebin Li Xinhai China Agricultural Science 2000 33 (Supplement)

Abstract: Narrow genetic basis is the primary limiting factor of maize breeding at present. According to the heterosis group principle and heterosis model, the expansion and improvement of maize germplasm will lay the foundation for breeding technology innovation and product innovation. The technical route of studying heterosis groups in China can be summarized as the combination of pedigree analysis, diallel analysis, NC-ⅱ design and DNA molecular marker technology. At present, maize breeding in China mainly uses 3 heterosis groups or 5 subgroups, 2 major heterosis modes or 4 sub-modes. According to the characteristics of maize production and germplasm structure in China, the technical route of maize germplasm amplification, improvement and innovation was formulated, which mainly included relay improvement of exotic population, creation of semi-exotic germplasm, analysis of heterosis group and construction of heterosis model. The improvement of hybrid breeding technology and the construction of heterosis model have promoted the transformation of population improvement technology from intra-population selection to inter-population recurrent selection. The corresponding technical route should also be adjusted.

Study on the purity test method of maize seeds (3) 2000 Kong Guangchao, Cao Lianpu.

The research and application of morphological methods, physiological and biochemical methods and molecular biological methods of maize seed purity test were expounded, and the advantages and disadvantages of each method were reviewed.

Study on Genetic Parameters of Plant Type Traits in Maize Zhao Yanming, Miscellaneous Crops, Wang Ling, Wang Japan, 2000 20(2)

Abstract: The general combining ability should be the main factor in the selection of maize plant type traits, and the parents' own traits should be emphatically considered. Plant height GCA is significantly or extremely significantly correlated with ear position GCA, leaf area GCA, ear position GCA and leaf area GCA, leaf length GCA and leaf area GCA, and leaf area GCA and leaf number GCA, which can promote mutual selection. According to the breeding objectives, inbred lines Liao 76, Liao 87, Liao 5088 and Shen 137 can be used.

Application of Heterosis Model in Maize Breeding in Shandong Province Chen Julin Wang Yulin Subo Miscellaneous Crops 2000 20(2)

Abstract: Great achievements have been made in maize breeding in Shandong Province, but its genetic basis is relatively narrow. The main germplasm is divided into improved Reid, Lancaster, Tangsipingtou, Lvdahonggu and other heterotic germplasm groups. The improved cross group of Reed and Tang Siping played a leading role. The hybrid utilization modes mainly include improved Reed× Tangsipingtou, Tangsipingtou× other germplasm, improved Reed× other germplasm, Tangsipingtou× Lancaster, and improved Reed× Lvdahonggu. We should strengthen germplasm improvement, enrich genetic basis and explore new utilization modes of heterosis.

Construction of Molecular Map of Maize and Analysis of Genetic Diversity Wang Tianyu Li Yu Journal of journal of maize sciences 2000 8(2)

In this paper, the research progress of constructing molecular marker map, evaluating genetic diversity and predicting heterosis by molecular marker technology in recent ten or twenty years is reviewed.

Shortcomings and Remedial Measures in Maize Single Cross Breeding Yu Xiurong Xing Hebei Agricultural Science 4(2) 2000 6

Abstract: The breeding of maize single cross is more and more concentrated in several backbone inbred lines, which leads to the narrow genetic basis of germplasm. In order to broaden the genetic basis of germplasm, we should further explore and introduce germplasm resources, and adopt population improvement and bioengineering techniques to select inbred lines.

Study on the Discovery, Inheritance and Utilization of Maize Male Sterility with Genetic Markers Lin Xiaoyi, Journal of Crops, Yang Dianer Lin Jianye, 2000 26(2)

Abstract: 1992 found a marked male sterile material in maize distant hybrid combination 3402F3 (Dan 340X403-2) for the first time. Genetic analysis showed that sterility was controlled by 1 pair of recessive genes. When the sterile plant (a) crosses the fertile plant (b), the fertility segregation ratio is close to 1: 1. However, in the offspring of fertile plant (b), the ratio of fertile plants to sterile plants is 3: 1. The results of linkage genetic analysis showed that the sterile gene (MS0) and marker gene (PLF) were closely linked, and no crossover phenomenon was found. They may be located at the same site on the same chromosome. After five generations of male sterile line breeding, several high-yield dual-purpose lines have been bred. A restorer line HR- 1 with strong dominance and high yield was screened out by test crossing. Two super-high-yield maize hybrids were bred by using high-yield genic male sterile line and strong dominant restorer line; The yield of plot (0.0066HM2) was 72.0KG and 78. 1KG, respectively, which increased by 18.6% and 28.7% compared with the control Ye Dan 13. The application prospect of high-yield genic male sterile dual-purpose lines with genetic marker traits was discussed, and the idea of further research on MS0-PLF gene was put forward.

Inheritance and Breeding of Dwarf Maize Journal of journal of maize sciences 2000 8(2)

The genetic law of dwarf maize was briefly summarized. The breeding and development of dwarf maize in China were reviewed. Based on the breeding practice of Nenjiang Agricultural Institute, the research, application and development prospect of dwarf maize were discussed.

Quality and Breeding of Popcorn in Zeng San Province (Crop Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences100081)1999,7 (1)—14 ~17.

This paper introduces the quality and determination of popcorn, analyzes the factors affecting the most important quality characteristics of popcorn, and probes into the breeding methods of popcorn varieties.

Scanning electron microscopic observation of starch grains in cytoplasmic corn endosperm Li Jingling (Institute of Genetics, China Academy of Sciences, Beijing10010/), Jia Jingluan, Liu Min ... Journal of Genetics. —— 1999,26 (3).——— 249 ~ 253.

1 1 The scanning electron microscope observation of endosperm starch granules of multicellular corn showed that different cytoplasm interacted with the nucleus in different degrees, and the endosperm starch granules of three sweet corn varieties were mostly spherical and closely arranged, which had certain commonness. The average diameter of starch grains in endosperm of this 1 1 maize is 9.78 μ m ~14.69 μ m. By observing the shape characteristics of maize endosperm powder, the relationship between maize starch properties and the commodity value of maize seeds was explored to some extent, which provided scientific basis for further development and research of maize.

Li Chunxia (Corn Research Center of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences 150086), Journal of Soviet journal of maize sciences. —— 1999,7 ( 1).—— 36 ~ 40.

The situation and genetic composition of maize hybrids with planting area over1980 ~199718 in Heilongjiang province were analyzed. The results showed that the maize varieties in our province were mainly self-bred and early-maturing varieties in the middle and early 1980s, and single-cross, triple-cross and double-cross varieties were used simultaneously in the late 1980s. The excellent varieties used in 1990s are Sidan 19, Benyu 9 and Longdan 13. At the same time, it can be seen that the hybrid germplasm used in production: in the 1980 s, it was concentrated on several backbone lines such as Yunnan 1 1, Bup44 and rhubarb. , and gradually turned to the stage of Mo 17 subgroup and Tangsipingtou group in 1990s. The excessive concentration of parental materials leads to the increasingly narrow genetic basis of maize germplasm in our province. Therefore, maize breeding should strengthen the research on the improvement, development and utilization of basic materials, broaden genetic resources and solve the problems of maize germplasm resources shortage and narrow genetic basis in our province.

Combining ability analysis of main quantitative characters of several maize inbred lines/Ao Jun (Mudanjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,157041)/Journal of journal of maize sciences. —— 1999,7 ( 1) .—— 4 1 ~ 42.

Using (P 1× P2) incomplete diallel cross design, the general combining ability and special combining ability of 9 characters of five maize inbred lines were analyzed, including plant height, ear position, bald tip, ear diameter, rows, grains per row, axis diameter, ear weight and yield per plant. The results showed that bald tip, grain number per row, axis diameter and ear weight were mainly affected by additive genes, and the other five traits had additive and non-additive gene effects at the same time.

Technical research on DNA fingerprinting to identify the purity and authenticity of maize hybrids/Zhao Jiuran (Corn Research Center of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences 100089), Guo, Kong Yanfang ...//Journal of journal of maize sciences. —— 1999,7 ( 1) .—— 9 ~ 13.

30 RAPD random primers with good polymorphism in maize were selected from 500 random primers, and specific primers suitable for main maize hybrids and their parents in China were further selected, and the corresponding DNA fingerprints were established. The DNA fingerprint of the hybrid shows that the bands of the parents are complementary, and no new bands appear except the complementary bands. Using RAPD technology to obtain DNA fingerprints can identify the purity and authenticity of maize hybrids simply, quickly, economically and accurately. At present, hundreds of testing practices have been carried out, and there is no mistake.

Application of RAPD in the Study of Genetic Relationship of Maize Inbred Lines/Sun Zhiliang (Laiyang Agricultural College 265200), Zhang Chaoliang, Jin Demin ...//Journal of Genetics. - 1999,26 ( 1).-6 1 ~ 68.

RAPD analysis of 12 maize inbred lines in China showed that 12 primer could generate stable genetic polymorphism from 220 operon primers. Using the fingerprints amplified by these primers, all the tested inbred lines can be divided into three categories through stepwise cluster analysis. 1 group includes 5 inbred lines of Huangzao 4; The second group includes two sister lines 478 and 488. The third group includes five distant inbred lines, of which three are from the United States, 65,438+0 are all from China, and 65,438+0 are from the United States and China at the same time. This result is basically consistent with the genetic relationship established according to the known pedigree of their respective inbred lines.

Study on RAPD molecular markers and prediction of yield advantage of maize hybrids/Wu Minsheng (Department of Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, 100094), Wang Shoucai, Dai/Journal of Genetics. - 1999,26 (5).-578 ~ 584.

The 143 single cross of 24 excellent maize inbred lines according to NC Ⅱ (113) was used as materials, and the division of maize heterosis groups and the relationship between genetic distance (GD) and special combining ability, hybrid yield and hybrid yield advantage (MH) were studied by RAPD molecular markers. The results showed that: (1) ⑴RAPD technique can be used to divide maize heterosis groups. ⑵ Parental genetic distance is related to heterosis, hybrid yield and special combining ability, but the determining coefficients are very small, which are 10%, 10% and 15% respectively. It is limited to predict heterosis and hybrid yield by RAPD, so quantitative trait loci (QTL) related to heterosis should be further studied so that breeders can predict high-yield combinations.

Corn/Hangchao (Wuhan University Life? /div & gt；