Qian Zhongshu: Sima Qian's Wonderful Writing Style

However, since Liu Xiang and Yang Zhishu, they all spoke with good historical materials, obeyed their good order and good reason, distinguished but not flashy, qualitative but not vulgar, straight in writing, beautiful in core, and did not hide evil, so they recorded it. —— Ban Gu

However, it is good to be reasonable in order, to distinguish but not flashy, to be qualitative but not wild, to match the quality of literature and to cover up the talent of history. -Ban Biao

Sima Xiangru, Tai Shigong, Liu Xiang and Yang are the most outstanding figures in the Han Dynasty. -Han Yu

Biographical notes

Sima Qian (former145-no textual research) was born in xia yang (now south of Hancheng, Shaanxi). Historians and essayists in the Western Han Dynasty. Sima Tan's son, Ren Taishiling, was imprisoned for defending Li Ling's defeat and surrender, and later served as the secretariat. He worked hard to complete the historical records he wrote, and was called Shi Qian, Tai Shigong and the father of history by the later Buddha.

Sima Qian studied under Kong Anguo and Dong Zhongshu in his early years, roaming around, learning about customs and collecting rumors. As a first-time doctor, he served in the southwest. In the third year of Yuanfeng (108), he was appointed as the Taishiling, inherited his father's business and wrote history.

Major achievements

1, literature history

He created China's first biography "Historical Records" (formerly known as "Taishi Gongshu") with the historical knowledge of "studying the relationship between man and nature, connecting the changes from ancient times to modern times, and making a family statement". In 9 1 year BC (the second year of Zheng He), Historical Records was written. ? The book contains 130 articles, with more than 526,500 words, including 12 biographies, 30 families, 70 biographies, 10 forms, and? Eight books, which have a great influence on later generations, are called "true records and loyal history". This book is recognized as a history book of China? Model, this book records the history of more than 3,000 years from the legendary Huangdi period to the first year of the founding of Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty, and is the first of the "Twenty-five History". As the head of the "Four Histories" in the previous generation, it is also called "Double Historiography" with Zi Tongzhi Jian. Hey. "

Step 2 think

Sima Qian expressed his thoughts of governing the country through reform and development through the mouth of Laozi. Preserved the natural core of Taoism. Consciously eliminate the idea of "small country and few people" in primitive society and "how to make people" in slave society, what does it reflect? The idea of "keeping pace with the times" is the essence of Taoist thought. Its core is the unity of man and nature, and its essence is human desire. ?

3. Astronomy

Sima Qian inherited his father's will, and completed the task of "pushing the ancient to change the sky" on the occasion of heaven and man, which was clearly expressed as "connecting the ancient and the modern". "Its conclusion is gobbledygook official expression, namely according to the 36th solar eclipse, comet? Third, seeing the same astrology is related to the decline of the emperor, the political power of each era, the rise of the Five Scholars and the social chaos in the Warring States, Qin and Han Dynasties? Turbulence, and summed up a small change in 30 years, a change in 100, a big change in 500 years, and the fate of the three major disciplines. The "large number" carefully prepared in the past three years is finally considered as "the continuation of the time between man and nature". Is this the application of Sima Qian's astronomy? The most important example occupies the highest position in the history of star education.

well-known saying

1, Sanjin, a man with many contingencies, Qiang Qin said.

2, the appearance is beautiful, the sacred words are true, the bitter words are medicine, and the sweet words are sweet.

3, the mountain is there, the scenery is there, although it can't be reached, the heart yearns for it.

After Gaizhong died, Boya never played drums again. What is this? A scholar dies as a bosom friend, and a woman is her lover.

5, the bath does not have to be river and sea, it should be cleaned; The horse doesn't have to aim at the horse, but walk well.

evaluate

Sima Qian is a man who is unwilling to yield to any power pressure and has a strong spirit of resistance. The attitude of Sima Qian and many historical figures towards life and death, honor and disgrace in his works shines with the glory of Tai Shigong's pursuit of life dignity and embodies the tragic spirit of his life view. There is no doubt that if he still lives in seclusion and writes angrily after being imprisoned, he can find the answer from his great personality. The unique life experience and life experience made Sima Qian form a wonderful personality spirit. Formed his potential personality traits, showed his great personality spirit through his history, and Sima Qian also held high the national spirit.