1, London Suffering and the Three People's Principles

After the failure of the first uprising in Guangzhou, Sun Yat-sen traveled to Macau, Hong Kong, Japan, Honolulu, San Francisco and London, and was besieged by the staff of the Qing government embassy. Fortunately, his mentor, Condley, launched a public opinion rescue to escape.

At that time, London was the center of world politics, and it was also the place where the ideas leading the world trend came into being. Sun Yat-sen lived here steadily for about nine months. His political research and social investigation here have sublimated his thoughts and political opinions, and the Three People's Principles have become more complete and deepened.

As Sun Yat-sen himself said: "In the past two years, we have learned a lot from what we have seen and heard. Only then did we know that the country is prosperous and civil rights are developed ... The plan for once and for all is to adopt the people's livelihood principle to solve the problems of nationality and civil rights at the same time, and the idea of the Three People's Principles has been completed."

The stereotype of the Three People's Principles has gone through a long process of gestation, practice and development, which was produced by Sun Yat-sen's comprehensive study of the political system, society and history of Tandao, Japan, the United States, Britain and France, combined with the diagnosis of the crux of China's long-term backwardness and the absorption and transformation of the advantages of various new ideas, theories and new political systems in the world.

As Sun Yat-sen said: "The China Revolution in which he was born, his theories inherited the ancient thoughts of our country, had the theory of caring for Europe, and made some achievements with my own unique views ... The Three People's Principles is really the crystallization of political gains integrating ancient and modern theories, which conforms to the trend of the world."

1905165438+1On October 26th, the organ newspaper of the League was reorganized into People's Daily and officially published in Tokyo. Sun Yat-sen publicly expounded the Three People's Principles for the first time in his publication: "... the evolution of Europe and America, where there are three principles, namely, nationality, civil rights and people's livelihood ...".

1906 12. Sun Yat-sen delivered a speech "The Three People's Principles and the Future of the Chinese Nation" in Tokyo, formally proposing the Three People's Principles and the Five-Power Constitution. Since then, all his speeches have centered on the Three People's Principles. There is no doubt that the Three People's Principles are the most brilliant and essential part of Sun Yat-sen's theory.

2. Meeting with Zhang Zhidong

During the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty, Sun Yat-sen returned from studying in Japan. Once, he passed by Wuchang Governor's Office and wanted to meet Zhang Zhidong, Governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, so he wrote a note to let the gatekeeper in. When Zhang Zhidong saw that the note said, "Scholar Sun Yat-sen asks for Brother Zhang Zhidong", he asked, "Who is it?"

The waiter replied, "A scholar."

Zhang Zhidong was unhappy, so he wrote on the note: "With three-character stickers, how dare you call Brother Bai?"

The gatekeeper handed the note to Sun Yat-sen. When Sun Yat-sen saw it, he also wrote on the note: "You can go to Wan Li Road, read thousands of books, and be proud of being king."

The doorman handed the note in again. When Zhang Zhidong saw it, he uttered an "Ah" and quickly said, "Please!"

3. Distinguish between public and private, and refuse relatives to apply for jobs.

Sun Yat-sen attached great importance to justice, advocated honesty and integrity, did not seek personal gain, and opposed extravagance and corruption. When he served as interim president in Nanjing, he put people's interests first, never sought personal gain and opposed nepotism.

Sun Mei, Sun Yat-sen's eldest brother, did business in Honolulu in the early years, and donated huge sums of money several times to help his younger brother do the revolution, which can be said to be outstanding. At that time, many comrades suggested to Sun Yat-sen that Sun Mei should be appointed Governor of Guangdong and Guangxi. Sun Yat-sen strongly disagreed and wrote to his brother:

"In Guangdong, it was suggested that my brother be the governor, and my brother felt that politics was unfamiliar to his brother. Brother is straightforward. When they enter politics, there will be people who bully each other. If you can't get on stage, people will look forward to it, and if you make a mistake, you will resent it ... "

Sun Yat-sen's fine style and noble character of impartiality and nepotism are examples for people to learn.

4. I like reading.

Sun Yat-sen loved reading all his life. When he was studying in England, one day, several foreign students from China went to see him together and found that his life was too hard to eat. Before leaving, these international students pooled 40 pounds and gave them to Sun Yat-sen to subsidize their living.

Three days later, these international students went to see Sun Yat-sen again. They knocked on the door of Sun Yat-sen's dormitory for a long time, but no one answered. "Well, Mr Probably not. Come again next time. " A girl said.

"Wait a minute, I'll knock." A young man who is not tall or short said. He knocked hard for a while before Sun Yat-sen opened the door. Sun Yat-sen said shyly, "Sorry, I was reading, but I didn't hear you knocking at the door. Please come in! "

They walked into Sun Yat-sen's dormitory and found the table full of new books. Let's calculate that it will cost about 30 pounds to buy these books. They felt very strange and asked Sun Yat-sen, "You don't even have enough money to eat, and you still have money to buy books?"

"I bought this with the money you gave me, and there is still 10 left!"

"You should buy more delicious food and don't spoil your health." Sun Yat-sen said with a smile, "I think buying books is more important than buying vegetables."