It is good to look at the picture from a distance: this is the servant's opinion, but it is actually the servant's impression. Watch short programs near and big clips far away. Many paintings are good in close range and bad in prospect, so it is difficult for him to see long paragraphs. It used to be said that the paintings in Beiyuan were dotted with grass and no lines, but from a distance, the fence in Yancun fell down, and the trees in clouds of sand were bright and clean, orderly and ragged. When others do it, they are at a loss. The beauty of painting is here. It is by no means what modern scholars refer to as Dong.
The Original Text and Translation of With Zheng Ruqi —— Translation
Translation:
It's good to see a painting from a distance: that's how I appreciate it, and it's also a spiritual practice. Look at small details; From a distance, watch the whole clip. Painting, many of which are good in close range and bad in prospect, is difficult to draw as a whole. In the past, people commented on Beiyuan's paintings (Dong Yuan, a painter in the Southern Tang Dynasty, and Guan Zhi Beiyuan), and most of them seemed to casually embellish the paintings, as if there was no hierarchy; But from a distance, the hedges, clouds and sand trees in Yancun belong to Ming Che, which means that there are layers of disorder. When others do this, they are at a loss. The secrets of painting are all here. It is by no means Dong Beiyuan as mentioned by scholars recently.
2. The first volume of the eighth grade of People's Education Edition and Zhu's reading comprehension and answers in classical Chinese Zhu's reading comprehension and answers Zhu's reading: anonymous article source: network hits: update time: 201218.
Floating from the stream, anything. From Fuyang to Tonglu, Baili, Strange Mountains and Different Waters, chinese odyssey.
All the water is light green (π mo) and reaches the bottom. You can swim with the fine stones and look directly at them.
If fierce wave rushes, how fast the arrow will go. Cold trees grow on high mountains.
On the negative potential, they compete with each other (mi m: o), racing against time and reaching the peak. Spring rock, ling ling; Good birds sing, they rhyme.
Cicadas are endless, and apes are endless. People flying in the sky (Li) want to rest; He who is in charge of the affairs of the world looks at the valley and forgets to betray.
The horizontal branches are covered, and the day is still faint; The thin strips set each other off, and sometimes the sun shines. In the sky, all the fog on the river has completely dissipated, and the sky and the distant mountains have the same color.
Go with the flow, let the boat drift with the water. From Fuyang to Tonglu, about 100 miles, the strange mountains and strange waters are unique beauty in the world.
The water is turquoise and the deep river is crystal clear. Fish and fine sand gravel swimming at the bottom of the river have been looking down without hindrance.
The rushing water is faster than an arrow, and the rushing waves are like galloping horses. Cold-resistant evergreen trees grow on the mountains on both sides of Jiajiang River. (Mountain) By virtue of the mountain situation, they compete with each other and compete with each other.
(Mountains) compete with each other, towering straight up, forming hundreds of peaks. The spring water hit the rock and made a clear spring sound.
Beautiful birds sing in harmony with each other and sing harmonious and beautiful melodies. Cicadas keep barking, apes keep barking.
Those who fly to the sky like eagles (those who strive for high positions for fame and fortune) will calm down when they see the peaks here; Those who are busy with government affairs will linger when they see these beautiful valleys. Oblique branches cover it, and it is as dark as dusk even during the day; Sparse branches cover each other, and sometimes the sun can be seen (through the cracks in the branches and leaves).
[Note] Compared with Zhu Yuan's Four Books (1), Wu Jun is both windy (2) and clean (3), and the Tianshan Mountains are the same color (4). Floating from the stream (5), anything (6).
From Fuyang to Tonglu 100 Li (7), it is unparalleled in the world (8). The water is (9) light green (10), reaching the bottom.
You can swim with the fine stones (1 1) and look directly at them (12). Rapids (13) with arrows (14) and fierce waves (15) run (16).
All the mountains bordering the shore are cold trees (17), and the negative potentials compete with each other (18), and they compete with each other (19), aiming at the height (20) and reaching the peak (2 1). Springs excite rocks (22) and rattles (23); Good birds sing (24) and rhyme (25).
Cicadas are endless (26) and apes are endless (27). People who fly to the sky (28) want to rest (29); Those who are in charge of the affairs of the world (30) glimpse the valley and forget the rebellion (3 1).
The horizontal cover (32) is still dizzy (33) during the day; Sparse bands cross each other (34), sometimes see the sun (35). (1) A letter to Zhu, selected from Literary and Art Newspaper (Zhonghua Book Company, 1982 edition), Volume 7.
This article is a letter written by the author to Zhu, telling what he saw and heard during his trip. With Zhu Yishu.
Wu Jun (469-520), uncle. Xing Wu passed away (now Anji County, Zhejiang Province).
Liang was a writer and historian in the Southern Dynasties, and his works were collected in the whole and two places respectively. Book: letter (2) all: all, all.
(3) network: dissipation. (4) Common colors: the same color.
Total, same, same. (5) Floating from the stream: (by boat) Go with the current, go with the current.
From, along, along. (6) Anything: Let the ship follow its own wishes, sometimes eastward and sometimes westward.
East and west: direction, here as a verb, east and west. (7) From Fuyang to Tonglu: Fuyang and Tonglu in this sentence are both in Hangzhou, Fuyang is in the lower reaches of Fuchun River, and Tonglu is in the southwest and middle reaches of Fuyang.
For example, press "Floating from a Stream" above. It should be Tonglu to Fuyang.
The original text may be the author's fault. To: to.
X: It means approximate quantity, up and down or so. (8) Unique: unique.
Independence: unique. Absolute: wonderful to the extreme (9) all: all, all.
(10) Bibi: The original "drift ratio" was changed according to other versions. Turquoise.
(1 1) Fish and fine stones: swimming fish and tiny stones. (12) look straight: you can see the end without any obstacles.
Here, the river is described as crystal clear. (13) Fast flowing water.
(14) Extraordinary arrows: that is, "more than arrows" and faster than arrows. What: better than.
In order to keep the number of words neat, the middle word "Yu" (15) If: seems.
(16) Ben: The verb is used as a noun, which means running a horse. (17) cold trees: cold-resistant evergreen trees (18) compete with negative potential: these mountains compete with (high) terrain for upward.
Negative: by virtue. Competition: competition.
This sentence refers to "high mountains", not "cold trees", as can be seen from the following sentence "Thousand Peaks". (19) Charming (m o): It means that all these mountains seem to be vying to stretch to high places.
Xuan, Gao Miao, it's far away.
These two words are used as verbs here. (20) pointing straight: straight up, straight into the sky.
Refers to: upward. (2 1) Thousand peaks: it means that countless peaks are formed.
(22) Impact: Impact. (23) Lingling: Lingling speaks.
Lingling, onomatopoeia, describes the clarity of underwater sound. (24) Good birds sing: good, beautiful; Sing to each other, sing to each other.
(25) rhyme (yρng) rhyme: rhyme, harmony and beauty. Melody, birdsong.
Rhyming, harmonious voice. (26)zhàn: Long-term continuous barking.
Thousands means a lot. Turn, the same as "Yi" (depending on the version), the bird is euphemistic.
Here refers to cicada singing. (27) Endless: it means "endless".
As opposed to "not poor" in the previous sentence. (28) Kites fly for (li) days; From the Book of Songs? Daya？ Dry hilly areas.
The eagle flies high, metaphorically pursuing high positions in politics. Kites, commonly known as eagles, are good at flying high.
Let's reach (29) Wang Feng Rest: It means that when you see these magnificent peaks, you will calm your heart that is keen on fame and fortune. Breathe: Calm down.
(30) Economic and social affairs: dealing with political and historical affairs, here refers to the painstaking management of official career. (3 1) When you see the valley, you will never leave.
Reverse: same as "return", return. Peep: Look.
(32) Transverse crown: trees with transverse inclination exist.
3. The classic reading answer of The Book with Yang Xiuzhi 1. Original:
Book of yang xiuzhi
On the western border of the county, there are carved mountains. Away from leisure, the water is beautiful and the stone is beautiful, with four turns to high rocks and several hectares of fertile land. The family originally owned a wild house in Sri Lanka, but it was abandoned in the chaos. This is the beginning of the resumption. That is, the stone becomes the foundation, relying on Lin Qidong. Luo Sheng reflects the universe, the spring flows around the steps, the moon is loose and the wind is grass, and the court is harmonious; The sun is shining and the clouds are solid. Smoke flows under the eaves, full of life and relaxation; There are peaches and plums in the garden, mixed with pines and cypresses, but lush. Once, I took my hand and waded into the stream, and I climbed to the top with my stick. My heart is lonely, my body is trembling, I will die, and I no longer know that I am between heaven and earth.
2. The general idea is:
In the west of the county where I live, there is a mountain, which looks as good as carving. The mountains are far away, the water is clear in Shi Zhuang, surrounded by high cliffs, and there are several hectares of fertile land. It turned out that our family had a small house here, but it was destroyed by the war and it began to be rebuilt today. The foundation is made of stone and the beams are made of trees. Weeds abound around, mountain springs flow along the steps, and the bright moon, pine trees, breeze and green grass set each other off in this house; The sun rises and sets every day, the white clouds naturally curl, the puddles in the small pond are arranged in dots, and the smoke under the eaves curls with the fog and water vapor between heaven and earth; Peach and plum trees in the small garden are accompanied by the lush growth of pine and cypress. Occasionally, I rolled up my sleeves, rolled up my trouser legs, waded across the stream, climbed the mountain peak with crutches, and my heart was carefree and my body flew briskly, as if I had forgotten that I was not in heaven and earth.
4. Classical Chinese: the translation of Zhu and Zhu's works
The wind and smoke are clean, and Tianshan Mountain is the same color. Floating from the stream, anything. From Fuyang to Tonglu, Baili, Strange Mountains and Different Waters, chinese odyssey.
The water is blue, and thousands of feet bottoms out. You can swim with the fine stones and look directly at them. If fierce wave rushes, how fast the arrow will go.
Sandwiched between mountains, cold trees grow and compete with each other. Strive for higher heights, Qianfeng. Spring rock, crisp; Good birds sing, they rhyme. Cicadas are endless, and apes are endless. People flying in the sky, watching the peaks rest; Those who manage world affairs are eager to forget. The horizontal branches are covered, and the day is still faint; The thin strips set each other off, and sometimes the sun shines.
Translation:
All the dust and haze have cleared away, and the sky and the mountain peaks show the same clear color. Let the boat drift with the current, whether it is east or west. From Fuyang to Tonglu, Baili Waterway, Qifeng Strange Water, chinese odyssey. Rivers are all green, and thousands of feet can be seen at the bottom. Swimming fish and thin pebbles can be seen clearly. Rapidly flowing water is faster than flying arrows, and surging river waves are like galloping horses. Cold-resistant evergreen trees grow on the high mountains between the two banks. The mountains rely on the terrain to strive for upward, one higher than the other. Strive to point directly at the sky and form a thousand peaks. The spring water hits the stone and makes a crisp sound; Good birds sing in harmony with each other and weave beautiful melodies. Cicadas can't finish singing, and apes can't finish singing. People whose careers are soaring will calm their passion for fame and fortune when they look at such a beautiful mountain peak; People who are busy planning and managing secular affairs all day will linger when they see such a beautiful valley. Cross-sloping branches cover the sun, even during the day, it is as dark as dusk; Sparse branches cover each other, sometimes missing some light spots.
5. Hao Jingchun's translation of classical Chinese reading answers for reference:
Hao Jingchun, also known as Herman, is from Jiangdu. After passing the provincial examination, he was given instructions from Yancheng and was dismissed from his post and returned to his hometown because of his mistakes. He was appointed as the supervisor of manjuji, Ma Yuan, Shaanxi Province, and later transferred to Huangzhou, Zhao Mo, as the agent of Huang An County. Just three days after his arrival, the peasant rebels suddenly attacked the city. Jingchun and others held on for eight days and eight nights, and the rebels retreated.
In the eleventh year of Chongzhen (1638), he was promoted to the magistrate of Fangxian County. Luo Rucai, the leader of the peasant uprising army, led the ninth battalion to ask Xiong Wencan to surrender. Wencan agreed to surrender, and you hesitated again. Jingchun came to the rebel barracks alone to persuade him, and formed an alliance with Confucian scholars and their companions Bai Gui and Hei Yunxiang. You just surrendered to Wen Shenjun, and all his battalions are stationed in Zhuxi Valley, Baokang, and you, Gui and Yun Xiang are stationed in the suburbs of Fangxian County. At that time, the walls of Yunyang counties were destroyed, and only Fangxian relied on Jingchun to appease them, which was generally defensible. However, during this period, residents are restless day and night. Jing Chun, Zhu Bangwen, the chief bookkeeper, and Yang Daoxuan, the garrison, were repairing fortifications while living in harmony with the rebel battalions.
In the 12th year of Chongzhen (1639), in May, Zhang Qibing attacked the Ming Dynasty and Gucheng, asking you to act together. Jing Chunzi and Hao Mingluan are still students and have the courage to be defeated by ten thousand people. He said to his father, "Fangxian County is the enemy's target, with only 200 tired and thin soldiers. How can the city hold? " He put on his armor and came to you, saying, "Didn't you read the oath you swore to my father when you burned incense?"? I hope you will be careful not to get into trouble with Zhang. "You made a false promise. Ming Luan knew that your promise was insincere. He and Dao Xuan came back to defend the city, and the striker sent by Zhong Xian had arrived at the door. Ming Luan and other rebel generals went to Tianlong and sent envoys to Xiong Wencan for help. They have been there fourteen times, but they haven't seen Wen Can.
Soon, the rebel brigade went to Fangxian County to offer loyal soldiers to play the white flag, while the talented team played the red flag. Suddenly the two armies met and besieged each other. Rebel generals Bai Gui and Black Yun Xiang shouted to the city: "Give our city and make sure nothing happens." Dedication made Zhang Dajing surrender. Jingchun cursed, reprimanded, defended and fought for five days and five nights in the city. The rebels suffered heavy losses. Zhong Xian's left foot was injured, and his beloved steed was also killed. Zhang Sanxi, the garrison commander, opened the north gate to let you into the city. The city was breached and Daoxuan died in street fighting. Dajing advised you to persuade Jingchun to surrender, but Jingchun refused. When he asked him where the treasure was, Jingchun snapped, "If there is treasure in the vault, you can't break the city!" The rebels killed a Canon of History and a garrison to intimidate him, but Jing Chun never gave in and was killed with his son Ming Luan. His servants Chen Yi and Zhu Bangwen are both dead. Hearing this, the imperial court granted Jing Chun the protection of Shao Qing, built a shrine for worship, and later gave Shao Qing in Taibu Temple.
6. The full text of "Chen Taiqiu and Friendship Period" (classical Chinese and translation) original:
Chen Taiqiu went on a trip with his friends. Taiqiu gave up before the middle of the day. After you go, forget it. Fiona Fang is seven years old and playing outside the door. Chen Taiqiu's friend asked Fiona Fang, "Is your father there?" ? "Hui Yuan replied," My father waited for you for a long time, and you left before you arrived. The friend got angry and said, "No humanity!" Walk with people, walk with people. "Fiona Fang said," you and your family will be in Japan. If Japan and China do not arrive, there will be no letter; It is impolite to scold your father. " Feeling ashamed, my friend got out of the car and tried to hold his hand. Yuan Fang also walked into the car door.
Translated text:
Chen Shi and his friends made an appointment to travel together at noon. After the appointed time, his friends didn't come, so Chen Shi left without waiting for his friends. His friends didn't come until he left. Chen Shi's son, Chen Ji, is only seven years old and is playing outside his home. The guest asked him, "Is your father at home?" Chen Ji replied, "Father waited for you for a long time, and you left without coming." The guest said angrily, "It's really immoral! I made an appointment to travel with others, but I abandoned others and left. " Chen Ji said: "You promised to meet my father at noon, but you didn't arrive at noon, which means there is no credit;" It is impolite to scold a father's son. My friend felt very ashamed and hurried to pull Chen Ji. Chen Ji didn't look back at the man and went straight into the house.
7. Sorry to read Dou Wei in classical Chinese, there are no reading questions online. I found the Biography of Dou Wei from the old Tang books and translated it by hand, hoping for some reference.
Dou Wei, whose name is Wen Wei, was born in Pinglu, Fufeng, and was also a father and brother with Empress Dowager Tai. Late father, Sui Taifu. Wei's family is noble, Zhu Kundi is martial and plays literature and history, but he insists that all my brothers are called "bookworms". The history of the Sui Dynasty made Li show off his uniqueness, shooting Jiake and worshiping the minister of card shark. When the rank is full, you should move, and there is no adjustment. When the secretary is in his teens, his knowledge will be broadened. At that time, the brothers took military service as their official career, making friends with friends and guests, while their prestige was idle. The brothers even said, "In the past, Confucius accumulated knowledge and became a saint, but it was still a mess. What do you want from this if you live late? " "If you don't reach fame and status, you must stick to it." Wei just laughed. For a long time, Shu Wangxiu became a recording room, showing how illegal it was, saying that the disease was returned to other places. Xiu Xiu was deposed, Liao was convicted, and Wei Yan was saved by foresight. Great cause for four years, tired of moving literature and history, in order to calculate the gains and losses of Chen, transferred to the senior high school entrance examination card shark, sitting on the ground without examination, returned to the capital. Gaozu entered the customs, and he was drafted into the army. At that time, the army was in the grass, and the five ceremonies fell. Wei is not only knowledgeable, but also familiar with old instruments. He is determined by the national rules and regulations. Wen Han of Zen Buddhism participated in the previous discussion. Gaozu often said that Pei Ji said, "Uncle Sun Tong can't add anything." In the first year of Wude, Bai Neishi ordered. Wei's theory of playing is elegant and elegant, and it refers to the ancient times as an imperial edict. Gaozu attached great importance to it, or introduced it into the bedroom, often as a knee pad. He also said: "There was an eight-pillar country in the Zhou Dynasty, and my government and I were invited to this position." Since I am the son of heaven, I am the official of the civil history. This time is different from last time, but it is unfair. Xie Wei said, "My family used to be a consort of the Han Dynasty, but as for the three foreign clans of the later Wei Dynasty, your majesty Longxing returned to the later dynasty. "I'm in a good position and sitting in the Phoenix Pool. I'm too arrogant. I'm afraid at dawn." Gaozu smiled and said, "Look at the Kanto people marrying Cui and Lu. Are they expensive or not? They are hesitant and dare not criticize." And feel sick, high-impedance to ask. I found a pawn, and my family ran out of money, leaving a thin burial. Scene, with the same state secretariat, after sealing Yanan county. On the day of burial, the prince and officials were summoned and sent out. There are ten volumes in the anthology.
Dou Wei, also known as Fufeng Pinglu, is the younger brother of the stepfather of Empress Dowager Tai. Father Dou Chi used to be a teacher in Sui Dynasty. Dou Wei's family has made outstanding contributions all their lives. His brothers advocate martial arts, but Dou Wei likes literature and history. He is honest and frank, and abides by his true intentions. All his brothers laughed at him and called him a bookworm. The literature and history of the Sui Dynasty made Li a great success in the imperial examination. He was the first in archery and strategy and became a secretary. After the expiration of his term of office, he was ready to change jobs, but he stayed, worked as a secretary for more than ten years, and his studies improved. At that time, Dou Wei's brother became a great official through the meritorious military service and made friends with dignitaries. The guests were all from their family. However, officials in Dou Wei are very idle. The brothers even laughed at him and said, "Confucius was a saint when he was studying, but he was still embarrassed at that time." What do you want to do after learning from him? It is normal for the official position to be small. " Dou Wei smiled and made no answer. They all came to Shu's relegated archives. Because Xiu Xiu didn't obey the law, he resigned and returned to his hometown on the grounds of illness. After Xiu was demoted, most of the officials together were found guilty. Only Dou Wei had the foresight to save himself. Daye (year number) has been promoted to a folk historian for four years. Because remonstration offended the emperor, he moved the idea of taking the doctor's exam, and later returned to Beijing because some things were not done. Tang Gaozu entered Hulao Pass, called and completed the army in the Prime Minister's Office. At that time, there were many wars and rules were broken. Dou Wei is knowledgeable. Knowing the old rules and regulations, he redesignated these, and most Zen monks participated in them. Tang Gaozu said to Pei Ji many times: "Uncle Sun Tong is not much better than him." In the first year (year number) of Wude, a literature and history order was made. When Dou Wei plays, he is solemn and quotes classics. Tang Gaozu admired him very much. Sometimes take him to the bedroom and often sit and chat. The emperor once said, "In the previous Zhou Dynasty, there were eight pillars of the country, and I was just like your family. Now I am the son of heaven, and you are the governor of the civil history. It is basically the same, but the level is different. " Dou Wei thanked the emperor and said, "My family was the emperor's in-laws in the Han Dynasty, but in the later Wei Dynasty, I became the emperor's in-laws three times. Your majesty is respected and can be compared with the queen's family. We are going to be in-laws, and our status is so high that we will be scared sooner or later. " He said with a smile, "I want Kanto people to marry Cui and Lu Wei and ascend the throne of nobility. When they are developed, they will be proud. You have been the emperor's in-laws for generations, isn't it particularly prominent? " When Dou Wei was seriously ill, Tang Gaozu went to see him himself. Shortly after Dou Wei's death, there was not much money at home. His last words were simple: to hold a funeral. Posthumous title, the imperial court is Jing, posthumous title is the secretariat of the same state, and posthumous title is the Duke of Yan 'an. On the day of burial, the emperor ordered the prince to go out with the civil and military officials to see him off. He has ten volumes of anthology.
8. Reading classical Chinese: Chen Dengyun, whose word is Conglong, and Chen Dengyun, a native of Tangshan, translated the full text:
Chen Dengyun is from Tangshan, and his name is Conglong. In the fifth year of Wanli (1577), he was a scholar and served as the order of Yanling County. Best political achievements, promoted to suggestion. Liaodong elaborated ten countermeasures to stabilize the border, and requested to speed up the system of rewarding the first meritorious service. Later, it was changed to the governor of Shanxi.
After returning to Beijing, it happened that courtiers were arguing over the establishment of the Chu army. Chen Dengyun thought that the discussion was delayed because the imperial concubine's family was playing tricks in the dark. In the 16th year of Wanli (1588), Zheng Chengxian, the father of the imperial concubine, was impeached for the disaster in June, saying, "Zheng Chengxian has ulterior motives and covets Chu Jun. He communicates with eunuchs every day, discusses countermeasures and makes friends with villagers, warlocks, Taoist priests and monks. At the beginning, your majesty severely punished the impostor in the imperial examination hall. Zheng Chengxian's wife often threatened to expose things herself to intimidate Xun Gui and confuse court officials with clever words. Not only Huian was calculated by them, but even Zhonggong and the Empress Dowager's family carefully avoided their sharp edges. Your majesty's long-term rule of the country is the result of Zheng Hui, and Zheng Chengxian always tells people that it is the result of not having a prince. Interference with the ceremony has been planned for a long time. What can he not do in the future? Do not inspire the platform, just make a decision. Otherwise, even if you don't play music in the court, put on white clothes and stop the punishment, I am afraid that God will not agree, and the sky will become irresistible. " The imperial concubine and Zheng Chengxian lost their temper when they went to Shanghai. Colleagues also thought that Chen Dengyun was dangerous, but the emperor left Shanghai.
After many years, he impeached Liu Guangzu, the official department minister, Feng, the Sichuan assistant minister, Li Lai, the governor of Yingtian, Wang Zhixiang, Han, the official department minister Luo, and Nanjing Taifu. All the officials in the imperial court were afraid of him. At that time, it was just the time for the exam, so Chen Dengyun said to me: "Recently, the suggestion was afraid of * * * before noon, and he became gentle; After noon, honest people become flattering. Is there no upright person in the meantime, but they are invincible and have no place to live? In the past twenty years, only one or two people have been promoted to upright Beijing officials. Behind the emperor's back, cultivating henchmen and begging for mercy, such as the so-called' seven jackals' and' eight dogs', accounted for half of the suggestions. Taiwan Province's remonstrance is to uphold justice for the world, and people have been trampled to this extent. How can we expect him to do things honestly and get rid of traitors and scum for the country? Instead of shrinking because of misuse, it is better to examine the candidates carefully. " Therefore, the Chen Shu incident is dedicated to the emperor.
Working as a patrolman in Henan. There was a great famine that year, and people ate each other. Cui Yinglin, an agreement, saw people eating wild goose excrement in the lake, so he presented it to Chen Dengyun, and Chen Dengyun sent it to the court. The emperor immediately sent Cheng Sizhong and Huamin to distribute treasury silver to help the people. Chen Dengyun visited three places and held power strictly. According to the regulations, he should be promoted to Beijing official, but he was repeatedly detained by the palace, so he claimed to be ill and went home. He died soon after.