Tangshan is a coastal heavy industry city with a history of one hundred years. Located in the center of Bohai Bay, bordering Bohai Sea in the south, Yanshan Mountain in the north, Qinhuangdao City in the east and Beijing and Tianjin in the west, it is the throat and corridor connecting North China and Northeast China. It now governs 2 cities, 6 counties, 6 districts and 2 state-owned farms, with a total area of 13472 square kilometers and a population of 765438+ 10,000. The urban area is 3,874 square kilometers and the population is 2.96 million. Among them, the built-up area is 145 km and the population is1380,000, making it one of the larger cities in China. Population, religion, nationality

At the end of Tangshan, the total registered population was 7.06 million. The religious history of the Tang Dynasty has a long history. There are five major religions, namely Buddhism, Taoism, Islam, Catholicism and Christianity. Except Taoism, which is the local religion in China, others were introduced from abroad. Buddhism was first introduced in the Tang Dynasty (AD 255), followed by Taoism (AD 306), Islam was introduced in the early Tang Dynasty, and Catholicism and Christianity were introduced in Tangshan in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties respectively. administrative division

Tangshan is located in the center of Bohai Bay, bordering Bohai Sea in the south, Yanshan Mountain in the north, Qinhuangdao City in the east and Beijing and Tianjin in the west. It is a throat and corridor connecting North China and Northeast China. Tangshan has six municipal districts, two county-level cities and six counties, namely lubei district, lunan district, guye district, Kaiping, Fengnan, Feng Run, zunhua city, Qian 'an, Qianxi, Luannan, yutian county, Tang Haixian, Laoting and Luanxian.

The development of history

Tangshan is named after Dacheng Mountain (formerly Tangshan) in the city center. Tangshan has a long history. As early as 40,000 years ago, people began to work and live. Shang Dynasty belongs to the solitary bamboo country, Warring States belongs to Yan Di, Han Dynasty belongs to Youzhou, and Qing Dynasty belongs to Yongping Prefecture and Zunhua Zhili Prefecture. Originally a village in the Tang Dynasty, it has developed to a certain extent since the Ming Dynasty, mainly used in agriculture, quarrying and pottery making. With the rise of "Westernization Movement" in the late Qing Dynasty, Kaiping Mining Bureau was established in Tangshan in the third year of Guangxu (1877), and advanced western technology was introduced to run mines and dig coal. Qiaotun Town was built in Tangshan in 1878, renamed Tangshan Town in 1889, and formally established in 1938. It is one of the birthplaces of modern industry in China. China's first modern coal mine, the first standard gauge railway, the first steam locomotive, the first bag of cement and the first piece of sanitary porcelain were born here, which is known as "the cradle of modern industry in China" and "the porcelain capital of the north". physical geography

The geographical location is11814' 3 "e-118 49' 45" n-39 34' 39 "-39 58' 25". It is 50.9 kilometers long from east to west and 43.8 kilometers wide from north to south. Tangshan, with mild climate, diverse landforms and fertile soil, is a rich producing area of various agricultural and sideline products, and is known as "the treasure land of JD.COM". COM”。 The northern mountainous area is rich in dried and fresh fruits such as chestnut, walnut, apple and red fruit. COM chestnuts are well-known at home and abroad; The Central Plains region is rich in agricultural and sideline products such as corn, wheat, rice and peanuts, and is known as the "granary of Jidong". The southern coast is not only an important fishing ground in Bohai Bay, but also a concentrated producing area of crude salt. Nanpu Yantian is the largest Yantian in Asia. The coastline of coastal land is 196.5 km long, and the development potential of beaches and shallow seas is great. There are many kinds of mineral resources, large reserves, excellent texture, concentrated distribution and easy exploitation. At present, there are 47 kinds of mineral deposits with proven reserves. With a coal reserve of 6.25 billion tons, it is the main coking coal producing area in China. With a reserve of 5.75 billion tons, iron ore is one of the three major iron ore areas in China. The reserves of oil, natural gas, limestone and gold are also considerable. city planning

In the urban system of Tangshan, there are 1 regional central cities: composed of Shizhong District, guye district and Fengrun District; There are 8 central cities in the county: zunhua city City, Qian 'an City, Qianxi (Xingcheng) Town, Yutian Town, Luanzhou Town, Luannan Town, Laoting Town and Tanghai Town. 20 central towns; There are generally 80-90 towns.

economic construction

Since the reform and opening up, Tangshan's national economy and social undertakings have developed rapidly, and its comprehensive economic strength has been significantly enhanced. Due to the 1976 earthquake, Tangshan was in the period of restoration and construction at the beginning of reform and opening up. 1986 After the resumption of work was basically completed, Tangshan's economic development entered the fast lane. 1988, the city's GNP doubled for the first time; 1994 doubled for the second time; 1996 entered the national top 50 comprehensive strength. In 2003, the GNP reached 654.38+029.5 billion yuan; The total fiscal revenue was 654.38+0.3 billion yuan. After the all-round development of agriculture and rural areas, the six dragon-shaped economies of fruits and vegetables, dairy products, lean pigs, millet, peanuts and aquatic products have continued to grow, and the operating rate of agricultural industrialization is 5 1%. Industry has formed pillar industries such as coal, steel, electric power, building materials, machinery, chemicals, ceramics, textiles and paper making, and four high-tech industrial clusters such as mechatronics, electronic information, bioengineering and new materials have made a solid start. As an important industrial base of energy and raw materials in China, Tangshan has a large number of large-scale backbone enterprises such as Kailuan, Tangshan Steel, Jidong Cement, rolling stock, Sanyou Alkali Industry and Tangshan Ceramics. Opening to the outside world has initially formed an all-round, multi-level and wide-ranging pattern. The accumulated actual utilization of foreign capital was 2.4 billion US dollars, and 243 foreign-funded enterprises were built and put into operation. In 2003, the city's total import and export volume reached $654.38+0.3 billion. At the same time of economic development, the construction of spiritual civilization and various social undertakings have developed in an all-round way, and it has successively won national honorary titles such as the national advanced city of building a civilized city, the national model city of double support, the national sanitary city, and the national advanced city of landscaping. Generally speaking, people's life has reached a well-off level. In 2003, the per capita disposable income of urban residents and the per capita net income of farmers in the city reached 8060 yuan and 3785 yuan respectively. cultural education

The enrollment rate and consolidation rate of school-age children remained above 99.9% and 99.8%, and the enrollment rate and consolidation rate of junior high school reached 99.8% and 98% respectively. Actively promote the popularization of preschool education and the establishment of county standards for special education, and strive to achieve an average enrollment rate of more than 76% in the three years before school. There are 300 network computer classrooms, 750 multimedia classrooms and 300 campus networks. Ordinary high schools enroll 58,000 students, vocational schools at all levels strive to enroll more than 50,000 students, and the enrollment rate of junior high school graduates reaches 74%.

Science and education in Tangshan is thriving. Hebei Polytechnic University, North China Coal Medical College, Tangshan Teachers College, Tangshan College and other institutions of higher learning continue to provide talents for the development of Tangshan. In order to speed up the pace of scientific and technological progress and innovation, Tangshan vigorously implemented the "talent project", introduced a large number of master's and doctoral students, and successively established postdoctoral workstations and pioneer parks for returned overseas students. traditional culture

Tangshan has a profound cultural heritage and outstanding people. Pingju, Shadow Play and Laoting Drum are also called "Three Flowers in East Hebei". China Pingju originated in Tangshan, and the China Pingju Art Festival held every year is famous all over the country. Tangshan shadow play, a masterpiece of national traditional art, is amazing in the world; Tangshan has hosted many major international and domestic sports events, and colorful cultural and sports events have confirmed the taste of urban culture.

After 100 years' development, Tangshan has become an important industrial base of energy and raw materials in China, with ten pillar industries mainly including coal, steel, electric power, building materials, machinery, chemicals, ceramics, textiles, paper making and food, and four high-tech industrial clusters including electromechanical, electronic information, bioengineering and new materials. Kailuan Coal Mine, Tangshan Iron and Steel Group, Tangshan Thermal Power Co., Ltd., Jidong Cement Group, Tangshan Sanyou Alkali Industry Group, Tangshan Ceramics Group Co., Ltd., Huida Ceramics Group, Nanbao Salt Field and other large backbone enterprises occupy an important position in the same industry in China. With the adjustment of industrial structure and the acceleration of technological revolution, high-tech has injected new vitality into traditional industries. Climatic characteristics

The climate of this city belongs to the continental climate of warm temperate zone and semi-humid monsoon. Backed by mountains and facing the sea, the terrain is complex, the local climate is diverse and the climate resources are rich. It has the characteristics of dry winter and wet summer, concentrated precipitation, obvious monsoon and distinct four seasons. The wind in this city changes with the seasons. In winter, the vast areas near Siberia are often controlled by strong cold air masses, which leads to the northwest wind blowing in our city; In summer, due to the influence of warm and humid air masses in the ocean, southerly winds blow; Spring and autumn are the transitional seasons between winter monsoon and summer monsoon, and the wind direction is changeable. It is obvious that the wind in this city changes with the seasons.

area of land

Tangshan now governs two state-owned farms in six counties and six districts of two cities, with a total area of 13472 square kilometers, accounting for one tenth of the national area and one thousandth of the national population, while the economic aggregate is one tenth of the national total with a population of 765,438+10,000. The urban area is 3,874 square kilometers and the population is 2.96 million. Among them, the built-up area is 145km and the population is1380,000. She is the youngest city in New China, a phoenix soaring in the wasteland, and its economic strength accounts for one fifth of Hebei and one percent of the whole country. Tangshan borders Yanshan Mountain in the north and Bohai Sea in the south, with a total area of 13472 square kilometers and a total population of 7.2 million. Jurisdiction over 6 districts, 6 counties, 2 cities and 4 administrative regions. She was one of the most dynamic 18 megacities in China in 2003.