A. Analysis of knowledge and principle
Generally speaking, the analysis of knowledge and principles requires mastering and understanding the knowledge and principles of various disciplines, focusing on the candidates' understanding and mastery of knowledge and principles, as well as their ability to analyze and solve certain problems by using these knowledge and principles.
For example, the test in 2002: "Since the reform and opening up, people's income distribution gap has widened. Please analyze this phenomenon in combination with the income distribution theory in the primary stage of socialism in China and the ultimate goal of socialism. " This test is also an analysis of knowledge and principles. It not only requires candidates to understand the theory of income distribution in the primary stage of socialism in China, but also requires candidates to master the knowledge that socialism will eventually achieve the goal of "* * * with prosperity", and use the knowledge of the above theory and the ultimate goal to correctly analyze and discuss the social reality of "widening the gap".
B. Social phenomena, objective and practical analysis questions
This kind of analysis questions are closely related to knowledge and principle analysis questions, and all of them need to use certain knowledge and principles to analyze practical problems. The difference is that this kind of analysis questions often do not indicate which specific knowledge and principles are used to analyze practical problems, but analyze and summarize the relevant knowledge and principles contained in the questions from social phenomena, objective reality and major events or problems at home and abroad, and use these principles and knowledge to analyze and discuss the social phenomena and objective reality given in the questions, revealing their inherent and inevitable relations with some principles and knowledge, thus affirming the established influence.
In the previous test questions, such as: "After the reform and opening up, China levied a user fee on urban land, and determined different charging standards according to different lots. Analyze the theoretical basis and practical significance of doing so "; "Marx and Engels predicted that the socialist revolution would first occur in developed capitalist countries. However, the socialist revolution first became a reality in relatively backward countries. Try to analyze the reasons for the victory of socialist revolution in these countries, and clarify the inevitability that socialism in China will go through a long primary stage, and so on.
Such questions belong to the analysis of social phenomena and objectivity. To solve this kind of analysis problem, we should not only see its consistency with knowledge and principle analysis problems, but also see its different characteristics from this kind of analysis problems. In contrast, it is more difficult.
C. Material analysis problems
Material analysis problem is a typical form of analysis problem. It is characterized by providing several ready-made materials, eliciting several questions from the materials, requiring candidates to analyze and discuss according to the provided materials, answer the questions raised by it, and make a correct theoretical explanation of the materials.
Judging from the previous test questions, the material analysis questions provide a wide range of materials, such as historical materials, socialist construction materials, contemporary world economic and political materials, and speeches of some famous people. The range of materials is relatively wide, but all materials are selected around the basic knowledge and theory of political theory and are closely related to political theory.
Answer the material analysis questions, we should pay attention to the following questions:
First, we must carefully read the materials provided by the test questions, truly understand and understand the contents of the materials, and clarify the nature of the problems it wants to explain. This is the basis for analyzing materials and answering questions correctly.
Second, on the basis of understanding the content and essence of the materials, determine the ideological direction and theoretical scope of the answer, that is, what ideas or theories are used to analyze and discuss the materials provided by the test questions and answer the questions raised by them. In addition, the knowledge and theory involved in material analysis problems are often not unitary, but disciplinary, which requires comprehensive and flexible use of relevant knowledge and theory.
Third, in the process of analyzing the materials, we must closely link the contents of the materials with the questions of the test questions, closely follow the meaning of the questions, and don't answer the questions in general without the internal connection between the contents of the materials and the questions. Otherwise, you may make an irrelevant and ambiguous mistake.
Fourth, there are some positive materials and some negative materials in the materials provided by the test questions; According to the materials and questions raised in the test questions, some need to be analyzed and discussed from the front, and some need to be analyzed and criticized. According to different situations, different theoretical discussions should be carried out, and the questions raised in the test questions should be answered one by one through abstract generalization, analysis and synthesis (often not one but several questions), instead of giving general answers to some questions.