But what if doing well in school and life depends not only on your ability to learn quickly and easily?

The main part of the sentence is a conditional clause guided by What if, which can be translated as "what if?"

When translating, first translate "Doing well in school and life depends on far more than your ability to learn quickly and easily". For example, the corresponding translation of this sentence is A, and the whole sentence is translated as "But what if A?"

But what if the excellent performance in study and life depends more on the ability to learn quickly?