The topography of Scotland has changed a lot. The lowlands (from the English border to the southeast of Edinburgh) are rolling hills, but Cairngorm has desolate cliffs. There are unparalleled wildlife resources in rural Scotland, and some animals are rare in other parts of Britain. In fact, the European Union has listed more than 70 rare birds and migratory birds habitats in Scotland as "special protected areas". Scotland is the hometown of the annual Edinburgh International Arts Festival. Edinburgh International Art Festival is the largest art festival in Britain and one of the most important cultural activities in the world, with audiences from all over the world. If you are interested in marginal drama, music and poetry, you can't help visiting art festivals. If your interest lies in science, then Elsburg won't let you down. Edinburgh is also one of the largest cities in the world that hold science festivals independently. Scottish scientists are at the forefront of solving human diseases such as mad cow disease and AIDS. Cultural life in Scotland The origins and traditions of Scotland are very romantic. Today, Celtic culture can be seen everywhere, but only 60,000 people use primitive Gaelic and Celtic, and most of them live in the western islands. Although this culture only exists in a small part of the Scottish population, the government supports Gaelic teaching, increases Gaelic TV broadcasting and sponsors Gaelic cultural institutions, which also shows that Celtic culture is an important part of Scottish cultural heritage. Scots speak English with a strong local accent, which you can learn by appreciating the works of Scottish movie stars SeanConnery and EwanMcGregor. As critics say, they are also very popular as the standard embodiment of men. If you like dancing, then the Scottish folk dance "Ceilid" (pronounced Kay-lee) can't help but try "dancing". You will have the opportunity to learn the basic Scottish folk dance, have a drink and immerse yourself in folk music and friendly atmosphere.
Scotland issues its own currency, and all Scottish notes and coins are legal tender in Britain. The education system in Scotland is also different from that in England, but this does not mean that Scottish universities are limited to accepting Scottish students. Many Scottish students crossed the border to study in the south, and as many English students also went to study in Scotland in the north. The legal system has different functions.
Edinburgh Edinburgh is the capital of Scotland and a city with a long history built on a cliff, with winding streets. 1at the end of the 8th century1at the beginning of the 9th century, Edinburgh was the center of the peak of Scottish culture, and philosophers like david hume appeared. Nowadays, the castles and palaces, cathedrals, ancient streets and art galleries in Scotland are very attractive to tourists and students studying in universities in Scotland.
Glasgow is the largest city in Scotland with a population of 660,000. It is also a cultural city that competes with Edinburgh and London. Glasgow has several large theaters, large art galleries and important and practical art collections, such as Burrell.
Recently, Glasgow was named "the friendliest city in Britain" by thousands of readers of an international travel agency magazine. As far as food and culture are concerned, Glasgow is second only to London and equally famous as Edinburgh.
Wales
Wales Park has international cities-Cardiff, for example, with spectacular architectural design, Victorian arcades and elegant and chic houses, as well as some of the most magnificent landscapes on the British Island. There are many mountains and hills here, and there are wilderness, forests and valleys everywhere, which can't attract tourists from all over the world. Snowdonia, Brecon Lighthouse and Pembrokeshire Coast are all protected as national parks. Decades ago, coal and steel production was the core of Welsh economy. Because of the competition of importing low-priced coal and the adoption of other power generation methods, the coal industry in Wales has basically disappeared. Although iron and steel production still occupies an important position, the fastest growing field is the technical development of service industry.
King henry vii unified England and Wales in 1485. He is a king of half Welsh descent, so Wales and England have the same political and cultural systems, including monetary and legal systems. However, Wales has its own national flag, which will be set up soon, and the Welsh Parliament will be established soon. Welsh is also one of the oldest languages in Europe (it was introduced to Wales from Europe by Celts around 600 BC). Today, people in Lampetter, Aberystwyth and other areas in the mountains of western Wales still use Welsh widely. Limit Welsh before 1942. But since then, Welsh people have become more and more determined to preserve Welsh. There are now Welsh TV and radio stations, and all Welsh schools offer Welsh courses to students under 16. Although there is no separate Celtic or Welsh department in the University of Wales, Welsh is an elective course for students majoring in modern languages, and all students can study for free while studying other professional courses. Courses at the University of Wales are taught in English.
Cultural life in Wales, each Welsh village has its own unique local traditions and habits. The annual Hay-on-Wye "Town Books" was held in Wales, attracting internationally renowned poets, writers and other cultural figures. Wales has a long musical history comparable to its solid literary tradition, and it is performed in many of the most famous art festivals held in Britain every year. During the Eisteddfods (literally translated as "gathering") culture and art festival, music and literary artists competed with each other, and they could speak Welsh. At the annual Rangolun International Music and Art Festival, people from all over the world enjoy singing and dancing. The Royal National Arts Festival is a grand gathering of arts, handicrafts, literature, dance and drama performances. It is held in different parts of Wales every year, and is hosted by the Grand Druid (Ancient Priests Deacon) of Gorwedd (Art Festival il trovatore Association).
Cardiff in South glamorgan has been the capital of Wales since 1995. Cardiff has accumulated rich marine cultural heritage, because it became a port for exporting Welsh Valley coal in the19th century. The core building of the city is a castle built in 1 1 century, which was basically rebuilt in accordance with the neo-gothic style in the19th century. As an active cultural center, Cardiff has many excellent museums, such as Welsh Folk Museum and maritime museum. Cardiff is also home to Welsh rugby. Cardiff is the city with the largest concentration of film and television production companies outside London, with many media-related industries. This further strengthened Cardiff's cultural status. In addition, there are cafes, restaurants, bars and hotels everywhere, which is where you can enjoy the most beautiful rural scenery leisurely.
Northern Ireland
Six counties in Northern Ireland are full of lush hills and hills, and the long and calm lakes in the canyon extend all the way to the reef seaside. The place worth visiting is the huge stone dike on the northeast coast, which is a magical creation of nature and formed hundreds of years ago due to the huge volcanic eruption.
Ireland was an independent country years ago 1 17 1. This year, the king of England began a series of actions to invade Ireland. Then from15th century to16th century, Yingjie's leaders launched a campaign to suppress Irish dissidents. Since then, the history of Northern Ireland has been full of political turmoil, with frequent resistance to peace and violence. 180 1 year, Ireland, England and Scotland officially declared their unification and became the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. 19 16, the national independence uprising was suppressed and the uprising was executed.
Sinn Fein is the Irish National Independence Party which declared Ireland a republic. Ireland gained national autonomy in 1922. Six northern counties in ancient Astor province can choose not to join. When Ireland became completely independent in 1949, the Protestant majorities in the northern counties chose to remain part of the United Kingdom, with independent parliaments and limited autonomy.
From the beginning, the anti-independence forces in the Northern Ireland Parliament occupied the majority, so the ministers who formed the government also came from the anti-independence side. The minority National Independence Party is dissatisfied with this one-sided situation and the fact that its political status has been seriously weakened.
After the civil rights movement in Northern Ireland in 1960s, a series of religious violence broke out. This is the well-known root of civil rights and politics in Northern Ireland. Terrorism on both sides has aggravated the serious political conflict in Northern Ireland. 1998 The Northern Ireland Peace Agreement aims at ending religious violence. It marks that all political parties have begun to participate in peaceful dialogue, and whether it can become it remains to be seen. For both sides who oppose independence and strive for peace, the next step needed to achieve permanent peace in Northern Ireland is illegal disarmament.
Ireland's cultural life and Northern Ireland's cultural heritage are rich and colorful. There are many museums there, including Astor Museum in Belfast, Astor Museum of Folklore and Transportation in the county, and Astor American Folk Garden. The latter successfully recorded the history of Irish immigration to the United States. In addition, there are many museum cultural sites sponsored by local governments. There are also many local art festivals in Northern Ireland, including the famous Belfast Art Festival. The Northern Ireland Arts Council provides sponsorship to local drama companies, bands, symphony orchestras, theaters, writers and artists groups and many other cultural groups and individuals.
Belfast, Belfast is home to two-thirds of the Irish population, with a total population of nearly 500,000. In the19th century, with the members of linen, rope-making and shipbuilding industries, cities expanded rapidly. Industry has played a very important role in the development of this area. Although Belfast is at the center of the conflict in Northern Ireland, it has been transformed into a cultural and tourist city in recent years, with a museum dedicated to recording Irish cultural heritage. Although many Irish people immigrated to the United States and New Zealand in the18th century and19th century, their ancestors' farms still survived. Belfast and its surrounding areas can visit the hometown of four American presidents. Queen's University is half a mile from Belster.
Eat, live and do.
There are many Chinese in Britain, and many friends who are mainly engaged in the catering industry are used to eating in China. They won't have a big problem eating in England. The tourists with the group may be worse than expected, mainly depending on the quality of the hotel booked, which is not as luxurious as the newly-built hotels in China. Of course, celebrities can often stay in hotels for a few nights if they have money. Britain's transportation facilities and management system should be world-class, but in the past decade, there have been millions of migrants with poor transportation.
Three habits:
Visitors to Britain should pay attention to respecting the habits of others, and never:
Ask the local Englishman "where are you going" unless you know this person well. "Have you eaten?" There is no big problem between China people, but the British think you are impolite. Never ask a man's salary or a woman's age. Especially in unfamiliar situations.
British people have the habit of queuing up to get on buses, trains or buy newspapers. In many cases, children and women have priority. Congestion is an abominable behavior. Most people get off first and then get on, so don't be crowded.
When shopping in Britain, the most taboo is bargaining. The British don't like bargaining and think it's a shame. If they think the price of a commodity is right, they will buy it, if not, they will leave. However, in some free markets, they can try it, and of course it is best to be led by local tour guides.