"University" is an essay on the Confucian thought of self-cultivation and governing the country. Originally the 42nd article of The Book of Rites of Little Dai, it is said that it was written by. In fact, it is a Confucian work in the Qin and Han Dynasties, and it is an important work for China to discuss educational theory in ancient times. After being highly praised by Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi in the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhu in the Southern Song Dynasty wrote "University Chapters and Sentences", which was finally called "Four Books" together with The Doctrine of the Mean, The Analects of Confucius and Mencius. After the Song and Yuan Dynasties, "Da Xue" became the official textbook of the school and the required reading of the imperial examination, which had a great influence on the ancient education in China.
The "Three Outlines" and "Eight Items" put forward in "University" emphasize that self-cultivation is the premise of governing people, and the purpose of self-cultivation is to govern the country and the world, which shows the consistency between governing the country and the world and personal moral cultivation.
The full text of "Da Xue" is concise, profound and far-reaching. This paper mainly summarizes the pre-Qin Confucian moral cultivation theory, as well as the basic principles and methods of moral cultivation, and also systematically discusses the Confucian political philosophy, which has profound enlightenment for being a man, doing things and governing the country.
contribution value
The university put forward a political philosophy project. Universities theorized and popularized Confucianism in a short space, which was convenient for scholars to learn and master, and Confucianism provided a guarantee for the stability of feudal dynasties.
⑵ University can be regarded as the first book of scientific enlightenment. It puts forward that "sincerity and integrity" is a necessary scientific research mentality, "learning from others" is the only way to know, "stopping at perfection" is the pursuit of perfection, and "improving day by day" is a strong sense of innovation.
⑶ Although "University" is full of subjective idealism philosophy, it has important expositions of simple materialism philosophy, such as "Things have a beginning and an end", which recognizes the development of things before and after; The proposed "radical cure" recognizes the law of governing the country.
⑷ As the first of the four books, Daxue is an important ideological carrier of Confucianism. Confucianism, as the legal basis of China's traditional politics, played an important role in the construction of China's ancient clean government culture, which had a far-reaching impact.
5. The economic thoughts put forward by universities are the most favorable cultural basis for building Socialism with Chinese characteristics's economics. For example, he put forward the ideas of "taking virtue as the last wealth", "gathering wealth for the people", "making people comfortable" and "taking righteousness as benefit".
[6] The idea of honesty put forward in "University" is of great enlightening significance for exploring the social roots of lack of honesty and creating a people-oriented political concept.
Once "University" was a book about learning rules, which influenced the style of study.
The university put forward the criterion of "being a man".
⑼ University is one of the classics of Chinese studies, which represents the traditional culture of China.