Shizhaishan site is a key cultural relic protection unit in Yunnan Province. Located on the bank of Dianchi Lake, 5 kilometers west of Jincheng, Jinning County. From 1955 to 1960, four archaeological excavations were carried out, and 50 tombs of Yunnan kings from the Warring States Period to the Western Han Dynasty were cleared, and more than 4,000 cultural relics were unearthed, including a golden seal of Yunnan. Bronzes are the most splendid cultural relics, and these bronzes are engraved with broad social scenes reflecting wars, sacrifices, tributes and labor. There are slaves, slave owners, soldiers, civilians, witches, businessmen, and a few people with long noses and deep eyes, obviously foreigners. In the shape of bronzes, the most representative ones are bronze drums, shells and dry-bar houses called "human rooms", which are rare in other parts of China. There is the cover of Curse Alliance, and the bronze figure is only 127. There are also a number of "alien artifacts", such as pointed leaf copper NB 159? ! ⒊ぬ〣 urn? Hoes, snake-shaped bronze swords and various animal-shaped weapons. Bronzes also deliberately highlight hundreds of animal images, such as cattle, tigers, snakes, leopards, horses, sheep, peacocks, pelicans, mandarin ducks, frogs and mastiffs. The bronze wares of Shizhaishan were made by the advanced lost wax casting method in the world at that time, in addition to the pottery and plastic technology.

Wangrenqiu monument

Wang Renqiu Monument is a key cultural relic protection unit in Yunnan Province. Located in the lush mountains of Xiaoshizhuang Village, Mingyihe Township, Anning City. The monument is made of red sandstone, 2.8m high and1.5m wide. It has 34 lines and 53 words, *** 1540 words. The forehead is the official script "Secretariat of Hedong County, Dazhou". Lu Qiu, a writer in the Tang Dynasty, wrote Dan, the son of Wang Renqiu. Built in the first year of Emperor Wu of Zhou Dynasty (698), this monument is the only remaining Tang monument in Kunming. When Yang Sheng 'an discovered this monument in the Ming Dynasty, it was not among the weeds, because the poem wrote: "Who asked about desolation, the princess didn't know." In the fifty-two years of Qing Qianlong (1787), it was publicized by epigraphist Wang Chang and became famous. Many scholars and local chronicles have recorded it. Many officials in Yunnan have to hammer out several copies as treasures when they leave office. The peace-loving Wang Renqiu is the secretariat of Hedong. His ancestors came from Taiyuan, and? The ancestors are the same, they are all West NB 15A? 0? The most popular surname. Tang dynasty took him as a general, put down the intrusion of ignorance and thrift, and made great achievements. Wang's territory is in eastern Yunnan NB 15A? What's wrong with J shrimp? Between. This monument is an important historical material to study the operation of Yunnan in Tang Dynasty.

Dongxisi pagoda

Dongxisi Pagoda is a key cultural relic protection unit in Yunnan Province. Located in the south of Kunming. The original site was built in Changle and Huiguang Temple of Xuanzong in Tang Dynasty by Wei Chi Gong Tao, a great craftsman sent by Wang Bendian, the ambassador of our province in Tang Dynasty, in the eighth year of Dazhong (854). The west tower was demolished during the earthquake in the 12th year of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty (1499), and the east tower was rebuilt in the 16th year of Hongzhi (1503). Interestingly, the East Tower collapsed in the earthquake in the 13th year of Daoguang (1833), and was rebuilt in the style of the West Tower in the 9th year of Guangxu (1883). Both towers retain the style of the Tang Dynasty. The East Tower, 40.57 meters high, is a three-level stone-table hollow square brick tower with dense eaves, a plane side length of 7.23 meters and a wall thickness of 2.7 meters. There is a spiral wooden ladder leading to the tenth floor. *** 13 floor, the highest on the first floor, reaching 10 meter, with ticket gates and underground palaces, reaching 1.5 meter deep. The original wood carving was a Buddha, but it was lost today. From the second floor to the twelfth floor, there are niches on all sides and coupons on the top. The shrine is 0.52 meters high and 0.54 meters wide, and a Buddha statue is placed on each floor, all donated by good men and women. Each roof adopts 10 flat brick, and the second floor adopts dogtooth angle. The eaves vary in width from 0.9 m to 1. 1 m. Four copper Goluda are placed on the four corners of the tower, with a height of 2.03 meters. A chicken has a tubular mouthpiece in its beak. Whenever the southwest wind blows, it makes a purring sound, which can be heard far and near. Now the flute is rusty and no longer sings. The shape of the West Tower is similar to that of the East Tower, except that there is no underground palace. During the maintenance of 1984, a large amount of cement such as glutinous rice and yellow mud was dug up to increase the strength of foundation, which is the characteristic of building technology in Ming Dynasty. The West Tower is slightly smaller, with a height of 36 meters, a bottom length of 6.95 meters and a tower body thickness of 2.5 meters. Occasionally, there are convex oblique and pagoda figures in the tower anvil, which is obviously the original anvil of the Tang Dynasty. Dongxisi Pagoda is a typical square pagoda with dense eaves in Yunnan. Compared with similar brick towers in the mainland (such as the Little Wild Goose Pagoda in Xi 'an), it has distinct characteristics.

Pillars of Cang Di Temple

Dizang Temple is a national key cultural relic protection unit. Located at No.71Tuodong Road, Kunming. Also known as the classic building of Dali, it was built in the Song Dynasty. 1923 was transformed into an ancient park and is now the Kunming Museum. This stone building in Dali period, with seven floors and eight sides, is carved from five sandstone blocks. It is 6.5 meters high, and there are about 300 sculptures of Buddha, Bodhisattva and Tianlong Babu in Zhou Dynasty. The elephant is about 1 m high, and the elephant is less than 3 cm. The knife method is vigorous and delicate, and experts at home and abroad praise it as the best art in Yunnan. Before the Ming Dynasty, there were more than 600 stone buildings in China, but there were many statues in one building, and the content was rich and exquisite, which was unprecedented. The stone building base is engraved with architectural stories in Chinese, with 62 lines and 622 words, without date and year. Shaped like a pagoda, it has seven octagonal floors, with an octagonal Mount Sumi at the bottom, on which eight dragons are embossed, and the land gods are squatting at the four corners. There are four heavenly kings on it, wearing armor, holding axes and cymbals and pedaling ghost slaves. The above four floors are respectively engraved with Sakyamuni's statement map and the Buddha's arhat statue, and decorated with pavilions; The sixth floor is engraved with Sanskrit classics such as the Buddha's supreme victory over Ronnie, Great Sun Wish and Four Great Wishes. In addition, there is also a Chinese translation of the Buddhist Prajna Paramita Heart Sutra. Judging from the theme of stone architecture carving, the religious color is extremely strong, which is quite different from the carving style of some classic buildings in the Central Plains at that time. Except for the rough statue of King Kong, the composition and modeling of other Buddha statues and buildings are exquisite, with bright and delicate lines, which are the most vivid and show a high degree of artistic skill. From the stylistic point of view, architectural stories are parallel prose and prose, which fully embodies the close relationship between Bai culture and Han culture. This is rare in China, and it is appraised by Japanese scholars as China's unique masterpiece.

Five hundred arhats in Zhu Qian Temple

Five hundred arhats in Zhu Qian Temple are key cultural relics protection units in Yunnan Province. Bamboo Temple is located in the northwest of Pan Yu14km. Built in the period of Dali Kingdom in the Song Dynasty, it was repeatedly destroyed. In the 17th year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (14 19), it was rebuilt in the 20th year of Yongle (1422), which took 7 years to complete. Later, it was rebuilt in Xianfeng and Guangxu years of Qing Dynasty. The existing temples were left over from the late Qing Dynasty. The famous 500 arhat colored sculptures were also completed in this period. At present, the Bamboo Temple consists of the gate, the bell tower, the Heavenly King Hall, the Lohan Hall, the wing, the Ursa Major Hall, the backyard service department, the Huayan Pavilion and the Haihui Tower. The layout of the main building is east-west, and the north and south are symmetrical. The temple area is 2.5 hectares, and the forest and mountain area is 629.5 hectares. The main tree species is Pinus yunnanensis. There are two peacocks in the mountain gate, one of which is DBH 1.44m, with a plant height of 29m and a crown width of 13m. Five hundred arhats are the key cultural relics of Zhu Qian Temple, carved by Sichuan master Li Guangxiu. From the ninth year to the sixteenth year of Guangxu (1883 ~ 1890), Li Guangxiu worked hard with his disciples for seven years, and created the "Fanyin Pavilion" and "Tiantai Laige" in the bamboo temple and the Luohan group portraits in the boxcar of Daxiong Hall. There are 265,438+06 Erluohan Hall and 68 Daxiong Hall, a total of 500. The clay sculptures of Luohantang are arranged in three layers: upper, middle and lower, with the same height as real people. Li Guangxiu's creations have got rid of the characteristics of traditional Buddhist clay sculptures, such as sitting motionless, dull and one-sided. They take rich real social figures as models, with vivid modeling, distinctive personality, various poses and lifelike. Is there Yuan Renzong Yan in the Ursa Major Hall? What if? In (13 16), the vernacular tablet, also called the sacred tablet in Mongolian and Chinese, is a precious material for studying the history, language and religion of Yunnan.

Fahua Temple Grotto

Huokeji Grottoes are key cultural relics protection units in Yunnan Province. Located in Xiaotaohua Village, Luoyang Mountain, Anning City. Huokeji was built by the Dali regime in Song Dynasty, and the original temple was destroyed in the seventh year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (1857). Wild flowers everywhere, flowing water, inaccessible. Luoyang cliff is steep and stands abruptly. There are 24 caves in red sandstone. The grottoes are divided into four places. The bottom of the gable is the first place, where two bodhisattvas are carved side by side, each with a height of 1.5 meters. It is the largest statue in the grottoes except the reclining Buddha. Right carved Guanyin Bodhisattva, wearing a corolla, wearing a shoulder-length cassock, squatting, there are two giant lotus flowers under the throne of King Kong; Backlight twice, the upper ring is pressed on the lower ring, which is gourd-shaped. The bodhisattva sitting side by side on the right is also wearing a treasure crown, holding Tony Zhu in his left hand, and an object in his right hand has been broken. It can be seen from the remaining stone carvings next to his head that it is a treasure building, so it is concluded that it is a Tibetan Buddha. The second stone carving is about 30 meters behind the two Bodhisattvas, which is the Eighteen Arhats Cave. Each cave is 80 cm high, arched, and carved with a Lohan statue about 60 cm high, like most of it is damaged and headless. Lohan is divided into three floors, in the middle of the first floor. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, two characters were engraved, meaning "Eight Scenes of Sunset". The third place is the left side of Luohan Cave 10 meter, with two holes. In the first cave, a man with his knees in his hands and his head bowed in thought was carved. His left side was bare and his right side was bare. That's Sakyamuni's ascetic figure. In the second cave, there was a man with long sleeves and a good dance, holding a bowl and a lamp in his hand, that is, the shepherdess who offered milk. The shepherdess followed closely behind the buffalo, holding the scriptures and touching the woman's clothes with her horns. The fourth place is Luohan Cave South 100 meters. Carved with a 4-meter-long Nirvana Buddha, it lies in the south and east of the Buddha's head in a bun, shoulder-length, bare chest and pillow, with a leisurely manner. On the right wall outside the cave, the words "French ancient sky lantern" are written.

Caoxisi

Caoxi Temple is a key cultural relic protection unit in Yunnan Province. Located on the west bank of Mantis River, 7 kilometers northwest of Anning City, on the mountainside of Longshan Mountain. The layout of temples rises with the mountain, and there are mountain gates, Wei Tuo Hall, main hall and back hall along the central axis. There are bells and drum towers in front of the main hall. The temple was built in Song Dynasty, but only the main hall was rebuilt by Jiajing in Ming Dynasty, and the rest were left over from Qing Dynasty. Daxiong Hall stands on the mountain, with double eaves and beams. The width of five chambers is 12.3m, and the depth of five chambers is11m. The bucket arch is vigorous, and the eaves cross arches up and down. Dougong is of primitive simplicity, with a legacy of Song and Yuan Dynasties. There are many cultural relics in the temple, including three statues of Ming Tuosha in the west, the big black god cast in bronze and the three saints of the South China Sea, and the three saints of the South China Sea carved in the Southern Song Dynasty. There are also two tablets of Yang Shengan, the champion of the late Ming Dynasty, and one tablet of Governor Kangxi Yungui, all of which are flawless and have no top grade. Caoxi Temple Hall is the oldest existing ancient building in Yunnan, with the highest technical and artistic value.

Xianyang Wang Mu

Xianyang Mausoleum is a key cultural relic protection unit in Yunnan Province. King Xianyang was the first political contest of Pingzhang in Yunnan in Yuan Dynasty. The title of Shan Siding. There are two tombs, one in Wuliduo Primary School in Kunming. It is 2.8 meters high, 2.4 meters wide and 4 meters long. It is surrounded by stones. On the front, Yuan Jiagu inscribed "Four Tombs of Wangshan in Xianyang, Yuan Dynasty", and on the left, Yuan Shi? On the right is the story of rebuilding the tomb of Xianyang written by Yuan Jiagu in the sixth year of the Republic of China (19 17). There is a stone eaves cover above the grave. The tomb was built on a high platform with railings in front and stone steps on both sides. In the early years of the Republic of China, when Bao rebuilt the tomb of King Kun, he found that there were no bones in the tomb, only copper pots and bath towels, which should be a memorial tomb dedicated to future generations. Shan Siding's real tomb is in Majiaan Village, Ma 'ershan, Songhuaba. The sky here is vast, and there are wild flowers all over the mountains. The tomb sits facing south, paved with stones below and sealed with soil above. Height 1.8m, width 1.4m and length 2.6m. On the right front of the grave is the grave of his son Su Na Latin, which has the same shape. 1987, Kunming Cultural Management Committee restored the tombs of Shan Siding's father and son and rebuilt the tombstones. During Ding Yu's reign in Yunnan from the 11th year of Yuan Dynasty (1274) to the 16th year of Yuan Dynasty (1279), he paid more attention to the relationship between ethnic minorities, carried out administrative reform and promoted the county system. Economically, it pays attention to developing agriculture, vigorously developing water conservancy, connecting six rivers, dredging estuaries and building Songhuaba Reservoir, which still benefits Kunming people. Culturally, Confucius Temple was established, Confucian classics were purchased, and advanced cultural and educational undertakings were carried out in the Central Plains. He ruled Yunnan for six years, with outstanding achievements, won the hearts of the people and died in the line of duty.

Jingangta

King Kong Pagoda is a national key cultural relic protection unit. Located in Guandu ancient town in the southern suburbs of Kunming. It was built in the period from Yuan Dynasty to Mindfulness (134 1 ~ 1367), and it will be rebuilt in Shunnian tomorrow (1458) and in Kangxi. King Kong Pagoda looks like the White Pagoda in Beihai, Beijing. It is a tantric tower with masonry structure. The lower part of the tower is a Sumitomo stone platform with a width of10.4m square. The platform is 4.7 meters high and has four cross-shaped ticket holes. At the beginning of the tower, people could come in and out from all directions, so it was commonly known as the "heart-piercing tower". At present, the tower foundation has sunk, and only the arch-turning part of the doorway 1 m is on the ground, but the tower body is still smooth and straight. A main tower is built in the center of the tower top, with small towers at the four corners. There is a stone fence around it. The shape of the main tower is a square seat with an urn-shaped warp building and an umbrella cover on the top. The small bronze statues of the four heavenly kings are divided into four directions. The square tower is carved with animal images such as lions, elephants, horses and peacocks, and each corner is carved with a statue of Lux, which is vivid. The height from the tower base to the top of the tower is 16.5 meters ... This tower is the only one in Yunnan Province, which is of great value for studying the history of Buddhism in southwest China and the art of ancient buildings.

imperial capital

National key cultural relics protection units in Jin Dian. Also known as Tongwa Temple and Taihe Palace. Located at the top of Mingfeng Mountain (also known as Parrot Mountain), 7 kilometers northeast of the city, it is a famous Taoist temple in Yunnan. It was founded in the 30th year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (1602). In the tenth year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty (1637), Zhang Feng 'ao, the governor of Yunnan, moved the Qingtong Temple to Tianzhu Peak in Jizu Mountain, Binchuan. In the 10th year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (167 1), Wu Sangui, the king of the day, rebuilt the existing bronze hall for the bronze statue of Zhenwu in the Arctic. This bronze hall is bigger and more exquisite than the original one, covering an area of 200 square meters, resting on the top of the mountain, with double eaves and winding corridors. The official book on the spine is "Wu Sangui, the Prince of Peace, was built on the 10th anniversary of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, 19 1 1 10th anniversary of Daluyue". The width of the three rooms is 7.8m and the depth is 6.15m. There are six partition doors in the hall, front and back 10 doors, left and right 8 doors, and * * 36 doors. There are a pair of bronze pavilions outside the temple, which are dedicated to two generals, the tortoise and the snake. In front of the temple, there are high flags of the sun, moon and seven stars. There are buildings, pavilions and flagpoles nearby, all made of bronze. After 1977, the state invested huge sums of money year by year, built two mountain roads, restored the ancient buildings of Tianmen I, Tianmen II and Hall of Supreme Harmony, and set up cultural relics showrooms. 1983, the highest point of Ming Fengshan in the south of Tongquetai, with a 29-meter-high bell tower. The bell tower is a reinforced concrete structure, cross-shaped, three floors and 36 feet. There is a big bronze bell hanging under the dome on the third floor of the bell tower, which was cast in the 21st year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (1423). The clock is 3.5 meters high, 6.7 meters in diameter and weighs 13.84 tons. It was originally hung on Xuanhua Building in the south of Kunming. It was originally used to tell the time, and later it was used to call the police. 1953, Xuanhua Building was demolished, and the clock was moved to the ancient architecture park, and then moved to Jin Dian for protection. Trails and pavilions will be built in the cedar forest around the bell tower, and tourist areas will be expanded in the mountains to build the "Kunming Garden and Botanical Garden" covering an area of more than 30 hectares. Botanical Gardens include: Greenhouse, Wancha Garden, Parrot Garden, Yulan Park, Rose Garden, Cherry Blossom Garden, Rose Garden, Cedar Lawn Garden, Bamboo Botanical Garden and Waterscape Garden. Now more than 60 hectares of gardens have been developed in Jin Dian Scenic Area.

Mahazhi tombstone

Maha Tombstone is a key cultural relic protection unit in Yunnan Province. Located in front of the tomb of Maha in Yuehanzheng and Park, Kunyang Town, Jinning County. Maha happened to be Zheng He's father, and three tombstones stood side by side in front of the tomb. In the middle is Maha's tombstone, and the forehead seal is "Ma Gong's epitaph". The base is a huge turtle. The monument is red sandstone, with a height of 1.6m and a width of 0.93m It is in regular script, with 14 lines and 28 characters. In the upper right corner of the monument, there is an inscription of Zheng He returning to his hometown to sweep the grave. On the right side of Ma Gong's inscription, a stone tablet inscribed by Xia Guangnan, Zheng He Taigong's Epitaph and Postscript, was erected in the 24th year of the Republic of China (1935). On the left is the Ming History inscribed by Wu? The bluestone tablet of the biography of Zheng He, the eunuch of the Three Treasures, was also carved in 24 years of the Republic of China.

Daguan Pavilion

Daguanlou is a key cultural relic protection unit in Yunnan Province. Daguan Park in the southwest of Kunming. In the thirty-fifth year of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1696), Wang Jiwen, the governor of Yunnan, proposed to dig a big lakes and marshes near the flower garden and build a two-story building, named Daguanlou. In the eighth year of Daoguang reign (1828), Zhai rebuilt this building into three floors according to the investigation history of Yunnan. In the third year of Xianfeng (1853), Emperor Xianfeng gave him a gold plaque, which is still hanging on the eaves of the building. Daguanlou is located on the north bank of Dianchi Lake, facing Taihua Mountain on the west bank of Dianchi Lake across the water, with beautiful and magnificent scenery. In addition, there are many famous couplets, plaques and celebrity calligraphy, which attract more and more tourists, so it has become a place of interest. In particular, Sun Zu's 180 long couplets are even more valuable. /kloc-was turned into a park in 0/950, and eight private gardens and villas around it, such as Luyuan Garden, Yuyuan Garden, Ma Yuan Garden, Chen Yuan Garden, Baiyuan Garden, Liyuan Garden and Dingyuan Garden, were successively handed over to Daguan Garden for management, which expanded the sightseeing area and made the park area reach 38 hectares, including 14 hectares of land and 24 hectares of water.

Yunnan Military Academy

Yunnan Military Academy, a national key cultural relic protection unit. Located on the west bank of Kunming Cuihu Lake. Founded in Xuantongyuan (1909) of Qing Dynasty, the original ordnance school and army primary school were expanded, mainly to train junior officers of the new army. At the beginning, it was supervised by Governor Yungui. In the second year, Li Genyuan was appointed as the general manager (equivalent to the principal). Most of the instructors in the school graduated from the Japanese NCO School, and many people joined the league. Jiangwutang instilled Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary thoughts in students, secretly established league organizations and circulated progressive books and periodicals, making the school a fortress of the old democratic revolution. The original site of Jiangwu Hall includes the current Science and Technology Museum and the provincial library. Now there is only one main building, and the layout is the brick and wood quadrangle of Zouma Jiaolou. The length of each side of the two-story building is120m, the depth is10m and the height is12m. The south building is the military parade building, which is the key point, with a height of15m. This yard is a playground. The school has four sub-disciplines, ranging from one year to one and a half years. Up to 1928, * * * has held 23 sessions. Some outstanding revolutionary generals have graduated from Wujiangtang, such as Zhu De who graduated from Class C in the first phase, Ye Jianying who graduated from Class 12, and Zhou Baozhong who graduated from Class 17. Since the third issue, Jiangwutang has also enrolled many students from North Korea and Vietnam, such as Cui Yongjian from North Korea, who is in the eighteenth issue. Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam, also secretly sent young people to study in Wujiang Guild Hall many times, which created a group of military backbones for his anti-French struggle. In the "Chongyang Uprising", "National Protection Movement" and later in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Jiangwutang teachers and students fought bravely, showing a high degree of patriotic enthusiasm and national integrity, and made immortal contributions to national liberation and anti-fascism.

Zhu De stone tablet

Zhu De's stone tablet is a key cultural relic protection unit in Yunnan Province. That is, Zhu De offered an empty monk poem tablet. Tan Hua Temple Park in the eastern suburb of Kunming. The stone tablet is bluestone, with a height of 1.22 m and a width of 0.55 m. The inscription is divided into two parts: preface and poem, with a line of *** 15, totaling 33 1 word. It was written in regular script and was established in the first month of 1922. The preface expresses Zhu De's experience of fighting bloody battles in the battlefield for ten years. He intends to sweep away autocracy and restore civil rights. It is expected that the country will be in trouble and the world will remain dark, with no future and no way to serve. In the poem, the style of writing clearly reflects emptiness, tells his hidden pain, and truly reflects Zhu De's ideological situation in the process of seeking revolutionary truth. In the same year, Zhu De resigned and went to Europe to join the China Production Party. Kong Ying monk (1864 ~ 1922), a native of Kunming, was the abbot of Tan Hua Temple.

Jiaopingdu

Jiaopingdu is a key cultural relic protection unit in Yunnan Province. Located on the Jinsha River in Luquan Yi Autonomous County, it is 0/90km away from Kunming/KLOC. 1 May, 935/KLOC-0-9, more than 30,000 people from the main force of the Central Red Army and the Central * * * Department successfully crossed the Jinsha River from Jiaoping with only seven wooden boats under the command of Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and Zhu De, and achieved a decisive victory in strategic shift. 1On May 9, 994, the "Red Army Crossing the River Monument" was built in Jiaopingdu.

Nieer tomb

Nie Er Tomb is a national key cultural relics protection unit. Located in Xishan Park on the outskirts of Kunming. The cemetery covers an area of1200m2. Back to Qingshan, go to Dianchi Lake. The cemetery is in the shape of Yunnan Yueqin, and seven flower beds represent seven scales. The tomb is located on the sounding hole of Yueqin. It is round with a diameter of 3.8 meters. It was built by 24 inkstones, symbolizing Nie Er's 24-year-old life. A wreath carved with white marble with a diameter of 1.5m was placed on the tomb. On the front of the tombstone, Guo Moruo wrote "The Tomb of the People's Musician Nie Er" in calligraphy, and on the back, Guo Moruo wrote an epitaph. On the shadow wall behind the tomb, there are large-scale reliefs composed of Wan Li Great Wall, march of the volunteers, people's anti-Japanese and national salvation, and Tian Han's mourning poems. There is a 3.2-meter-high Nie Er statue carved out of white marble in front of the tomb. There is a reception room and a cemetery management room on the left side of the tomb. 1985 renovated the cemetery, and on July 17, a grand commemorative event and a new tomb inauguration ceremony were held in Xishan.

1. Tomb of the 214 Martyrs

Tomb No.1 and No.2 of the Martyrs: key cultural relics protection units in Yunnan Province. Yunnan Normal University in Kunming. 1945165438+1On October 25th, more than 6,000 teachers and students from The National SouthWest Associated University and Yunnan University called for peace, opposed civil war, demanded democracy and opposed autocracy, but they were obstructed and destroyed by the authorities. Unwilling to give in, the teachers and students got up and went on strike. 65438+February 1 day, the Kuomintang authorities sent spies and gendarmes into the school and threw grenades at unarmed teachers and students. Yu Zaize, Pan Yan, Li Lulian, Zhang Huachang and other four people were shot dead, and 10 people were seriously injured. Is this what shocked the whole country? A tragedy. Facing the butcher's knife, the young people did not give in and won the unity of young students in the whole province and even the whole country. In order to commemorate the martyrs, the Federation of Students decided to build the tomb of the Four Martyrs on the campus of the National Southwest United University (the current site) with donations from people from all walks of life at that time. 1946, 17 In March, after a funeral demonstration attended by 30,000 people, four martyrs were buried here. Since 198 1, the government has renovated the cemetery and built one or two buildings next to it. Sports memorial hall, displaying related pictures and cultural relics. Tomb of the Four Martyrs, hidden among the bamboos. Two stone pillars stand in front of the tomb. At the top of the column is a bright red torch, and the pedestal is engraved with the "One Two" handwritten by Mr. Wen Yiduo. The history of sports. The stone screen behind the tomb is a statue of freedom: countless young people follow the Statue of Liberty and call for light. Beneath the relief, there are affectionate mourning poems.

Wangde Third-Class Martyrs' Tomb

Wang De's Third-Class Martyrs' Tomb is a key cultural relic protection unit in Yunnan Province. Namely the tombs of Wang Desan, Wu Cheng and Ma Dengyun. Located in the northern suburb of Kunming, Heilongtan Park. The tomb is in the shape of a castle, with a permanent wreath carved in front of the tomb, surrounded by stone railings, and surrounded by lush evergreen trees such as cedar, cypress and evergreen. Wang Desan is from Xiangyun County, Yunnan Province. 1898 was born, 1922 joined the China * * * production party, and 1927 served as the first secretary of the Yunnan Provincial Party Committee. He was unfortunately arrested in 1930 because of the traitor's betrayal, and died heroically in 65438+February of the same year at the age of 32. Wu Cheng, female, from Kunming. /kloc-born in 0/900,/kloc-joined the China * * * production party in 0/926, and later served as a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. /kloc-arrested for betraying traitors in 0/930, and died with Wang Desan in 65438+February of the same year at the age of 30. Ma Dengyun, Hui nationality, Kunming people. Born in 19 10, 1927 joined the China * * * production party, 1929 was arrested, and was killed in September of the same year at the age of 1 9. Three martyrs were originally buried in Guojiaao, the eastern suburb of Kunming, and 196 1 moved to Heilongtan Park Cemetery.

Precambrian boundary stratigraphic section of Meishucun

The stratotype section of the Precambrian boundary in Meishucun is located in Kunyang Town, Jinning County, Kunming. It consists of standard sections of various geological strata such as "Chengjiang Formation of Lower Sinian". 1983, the international land boundary workers' conference confirmed the Meishucun section as the "Sinian-Cambrian boundary stratotype section" and installed the "Golden Nail" sign, making it the first internationally selected stratotype section in China. It is of great significance to study the history of the earth, explore the origin and evolution of life and find mineral resources related to these strata.

Spring of tranquility

Anning hot spring, a famous scenic spot in Yunnan Province. Located in Wenquan Town, Anning City, more than 30 kilometers away from downtown Kunming, it is famous as "the best soup in the world". The spring area is located on the banks of the mantis river, with lush trees and fresh air. Spring water belongs to light calcium bicarbonate hot water, the water temperature is between 43℃ and 45℃, which is suitable for bathing and drinking, and has many curative effects on human body. Anning hot spring was discovered in the early Eastern Han Dynasty and developed earlier. In the Ming Dynasty, it was introduced by celebrities such as Yang Yiqing, Yang Shen and Xu Xiake, and became famous. Guo Moruo, Dong, et al. I wrote poems when I was recuperating here. In recent years, it has become a health resort.

Songming Heilongtan

Songming Black Dragon Pool is located in Baiyi Township, Songming County, Kunming. It is one of the water sources of Panlong River. Its lush trees, beautiful scenery, ancient stage and other buildings, is the place where the ancients prayed for rain. Longtan is located at the foot of half an acre mountain in Fiona Fang. There is a temple next to the pool, on which there is a plaque of "Pan You", which is the imperial pen of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty.

Fumin Heshangdong

Fumin River Cave is located 5 kilometers southwest of Fumin County, Kunming. Named after the mantis river flowing endlessly under the cave. In front of the cave, the two peaks stand upright, with lush ancient trees in the upper section and steep cliffs in the lower section. The river is swift, and the mountains, mountains and water complement each other. It is a land of enriching the people and winning the battle. The hole faces south, and there are many stalactites in it. Its landscape can be divided into three sections: the first section is "Zhongnanhai Cave". Stalactites are gorgeous and interesting, and there is a stalactite "Nanhai Guanyin" sitting on the lotus platform, which is solemn and lifelike. The second paragraph is Crystal Palace. The head-on stone wall is like a colorful brocade screen, and the stalactites on both sides are shaped like lotus flowers, and the water drops fall to the ground with sound. The third paragraph is The Dragon Daughter's Harem. "Maid-in-waiting" and "Cai E" stood by, waiting for the "Dragon Lady" to travel. Xu Xiake, a geographer in Ming Dynasty, explored caves, and 1930 Jia Lanpo, a paleontologist, collected fossils of giant pandas and other paleontologists, which attracted the attention of scholars at home and abroad.

Stone forest wonders

Stone Forest Wonders National Key Scenic Area. Located in Lunan Yi Autonomous County, 90 kilometers away from Kunming. It is a magical masterpiece left by the tectonic movement 250 million years ago. Stone peaks rise from the ground and are known as "the first wonder in the world". Coupled with the spring-like climate and the Sani custom of the Yi people, it is well-known at home and abroad. Shilin Scenic Area includes seven scenic spots, namely, Big and Small Stone Forest, Naigu Stone Forest, Zhiyun Cave, Weird Wind Tunnel, Changhu Lake, Moon Lake and Dadieshui, covering an area of 350 square kilometers. Among them, the stone peaks of the large and small stone forests are abrupt, and the rock pillars are generally as high as 20 ~ 60 meters. There are many strange shapes, which make people think about it, including Ashima, Phoenix combing its wings, Overfeeding with Two Birds, Elephant sitting on a stone platform, Walking with Mother and Child, Walking calmly, and Eighteen Gifts. It is an ancient stone forest (also known as Black Pine Rock), where the underground stone forest and the lake set each other off, the underground caves and rivers overlap, and there are seemingly illusory landscapes such as "Liang Zhu Meeting", "Fairy Chess Table", "your legend", "Peacock Playing with Phoenix" and "Looking Back at the Elephant", which makes people fascinated. Zhiyun Cave is 452 meters long. The cave is as wide as a hall and can accommodate hundreds of people. A narrow place is like a driveway. There are holes in the hole, like a maze. Among them, Xiao Zhi Yundong's landscape such as Welcome Hall, Xianyou, water curtain cave, Spruce Sky and Punishing Demons Hall is even more dreamy. Dashui, formerly known as Yanshuiyanyun Waterfall and Longfei Waterfall, is one of the largest and most spectacular waterfalls in Yunnan Province. The waterfall spouts from the mouth of the Bajiang River, with a drop of 98m, a top width of 30m and a bottom width of 80m. Fog leaps and beads jump, like jade dancing from the sky, and steep stones stand opposite, like mighty stone generals guarding the dragon. The long lake covers an area of 3.94 square kilometers with a water surface of 0.8 square kilometers. There is water in the mountains, water in the mountains, lush trees in Penglai, Yingzhou and abbot Island in the lake, clear water, colorful aquatic plants growing by the lake, well protected natural vegetation and quiet and charming environment. Since the opening of the Shilin Garden in the 1980s, the number of tourists has increased year by year, with a maximum of 6.5438+0.5 million visitors.

Dianchi scenic spot

Dianchi Lake Scenic Area is a national key scenic spot. Located in the south of Kunming. Dianchi Lake is a plateau subsidence lake, which was formed by a strong crustal movement 6.5438+0.2 million years ago. It is 40km long from north to south and 3 ~12.5km wide from east to west, and the deepest part of the lake is10m. With a storage capacity of 65.438+0.289 billion cubic meters and a maximum storage capacity of 65.438+0.50 billion cubic meters, the lake is about 300 square kilometers, making it the sixth largest freshwater lake in China. More than 20 rivers, including Panlong River, Baoxiang River, Jinzhi River, Chaihe River and Kunming River, pour into Dianchi Lake, forming Dianchi Lake water system. Dianchi Lake flows westward from Haikou in the southwest (now a Xiyuan tunnel has been dug) and enters Jinsha River through Tanglangchuan and Pudu River. Around Dianchi Lake, there are many scenic spots and health resorts, mainly the water tower, the ridge of a natural bathing place, Xishan Park, the first scenic spot in central Yunnan, the precipice, the magnificent Luohan Mountain, the west garden with blooming flowers, temples and memorial halls with green water and green mountains, and Guanyin Mountain with mountains and rivers. There are Stone General Cave in relief, Niulian Township in lakeside fishing village, Money Cave with clear water and fat fish, Shizhai Mountain in Neolithic site, Jincheng, the birthplace of Dianchi Lake's history and culture, Panlong Temple surrounded by clear spring and pine, Longtan Mountain in Paleolithic site, Santaishan Park newly built in Chenggong, Liulin on the east bank of Dianchi Lake, and Tian Zi Temple site more than 2,400 years ago. Colorful Dounan Flower Street, Happy Horse Mountain with rich amorous feelings, Guandu, an ancient historical and cultural town, and Odabashi, a traditional national trade center. Only around Dianchi Lake, there are 4 1 key cultural relics protection units or scenic spots at or above the municipal level. In recent years, a large-scale Yunnan Ethnic Village and Yunnan Ethnic Museum have been built on the ridge of Dianchi Lake, displaying the culture, art, customs and costumes of 25 ethnic minorities in Yunnan Province, and receiving more than 8 million tourists every year.

Jiuxiang scenic spot

Jiuxiang Scenic Area is a national key scenic spot. Located in Jiuxiang District, 45 kilometers northeast of Yiliang County, Kunming. Located in the center of Kunming-Shilin tourist line, it is 0/0 km away from Shilin/KLOC and 98 km away from Kunming. It is a comprehensive scenic tourist area with karst cave landscape as the main body, and it is also the karst cave community with the largest number of caves and the richest landscape in Kunming. There are hundreds of caves in all, with large scale, diverse styles and complete types. Among them, Sanjiao Cave, Dashaba Cave, Xianren Cave, Baixiang Cave and Bat Cave are particularly valuable for tourism. Most caves are bridge opening-shaped, with different stone shapes. The cave is winding and quiet, and stalactites are in myriad poses. It was once called "Cave Museum". 1990, the paleolithic cultural site was excavated in Zhangkou Cave, a scenic spot, and more than 2,000 paleontological fossils, 4 human tooth fossils1piece and 2,000 stone tools were unearthed. The stratigraphic section is complete and clear.

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