Adhere to the principle of "win-win" and implement responsibilities.
According to the existing conditions and management conditions, it is more likely to introduce enterprises with advanced management and technology who are willing to join the school-enterprise cooperation, use the school's equipment to produce products, introduce teaching content in the production process, and the school and enterprises will jointly formulate an implementation teaching production plan combining production with education, so that teachers can learn technology, students can join the production, and production will generate benefits and win-win situation for schools and enterprises.
The specific implementation measures are:
(1) Take the school's existing professional practice factory and main machining equipment as the carrier, introduce enterprises to join in, and the school will leave the factory and equipment; Enterprises bring workers and products, and the two sides combine to produce products and cultivate talents. Combined with the teaching needs in production, teachers and students are allowed to participate in production and learn technology in production.
(2) According to the teaching plan of combining production with teaching, the enterprise arranges production workers, technicians and management personnel as part-time teaching staff to carry out teaching work in production. The school arranges relevant teachers to participate in production in class, and also guides and counsels students to learn production technology.
(3) Before the school-enterprise cooperation, the two sides inspect and choose. An enterprise may inspect the product production, legal representative (or investor), registered capital, equipment and management. Schools should provide enterprises with necessary information and investigation.
Break through the difficulty of "combination" and improve the education system
There are three difficulties in the implementation of the combination of production and education: first, the contradiction between enterprise production and student training. Enterprises hope that the more time they can produce independently, the better, while schools certainly hope that students can operate on computers as much as possible; Second, enterprises hope that in the production process, the higher the pass rate, the better, while students are novices and are prone to produce defective products; The third is the contradiction between the number of students and the number of equipment. Properly solving these three contradictions is the key to ensure that enterprises process products well and students have enough training time. The key to break through the predicament is to "emancipate the mind", deepen the talent training mode and curriculum reform, innovate the curriculum system and improve the education system in practice. To this end, we have done the following work:
(1) Build a scientific and reasonable modular curriculum system: We ask students to complete the study of cultural courses and professional basic courses and train their basic skills before learning the main professional courses. We divide the study of the main courses into four modules and implement them in four stages. The first module is the basic structure and working principle of CNC machine tools. The second module is numerical control programming, learning the basic methods of programming, and verifying the rationality of the program through special simulation software. The third module is machining simulation. Through the training of teaching CNC machine tools, the operation method of CNC machine tools is mastered. The fourth module is internship. Before processing products independently, students first produce under the guidance of the master, and gradually transition to independent operation. After each stage of study is completed, strict examinations are conducted, and only those who pass can enter the next stage of study, ensuring that everyone and every link must pass the examination.
(2) Strengthen the cultivation of students' normative consciousness and quality: The overall quality of vocational school students is not satisfactory, especially in behavior habits. Therefore, on the one hand, strengthen ideological education, and strengthen the cultivation of routine behavior habits from the beginning of students' enrollment; On the other hand, we should formulate strict practice norms and detailed rules for rewards and punishments, and combine the requirements of students' behavior norms with the assessment of grades and credits. Educate students to establish quality consciousness through typical examples. For example, after a classmate processes a part, it is unqualified only after measuring the size once, and the product is scrapped only after measuring it once more, resulting in a loss of more than 5,000 yuan. At the same time, enterprises are required to strengthen staff management, set an example for students and receive education. Once, a worker was fined 200 yuan for bringing cigarettes into the workshop, which made the students present deeply educated.
(3) Teaching in groups and stages: the number of students in each CNC class in our school is more than 50. If you practice at the same time, it is not only difficult to achieve one person and one machine, but also difficult to manage the influx of more than 50 people in the workshop, which has great security risks. Therefore, we adopt the method of group teaching and phased implementation, and divide a class into 3-4 groups, which are arranged as a whole and carried out in groups, thus solving this contradiction.
Persist in summing up constantly and strive to push the combination of production and education to a new level.
Reform and innovation are both processes from ideal to reality and from theory to practice. To deepen the combination of production and education, we must conscientiously sum up. Looking back on the attempts in the past three years, we feel that we have the following gains:
The effect of educating people has been effectively manifested.
In the process of combining production with education, students' professional skills have been fully trained. Over the past two years, more than 200 students have moved from here to work, and they quickly adapted to the requirements of enterprises and quickly grew into the technical backbone of enterprises. Bi Shun, a numerical control class student in Grade 05, was hired by Changan Ford Motor Company after graduation. He was sent to Japan for training because of his excellent performance. Feng Jiajia and Wan Yuhai are students of Class 2005 CNC/KLOC-0. They were employed by Phoenix Electric Co., Ltd. before graduation. After entering the factory, because of their excellent skills, both of them were promoted to foreman, leading a group of college students who graduated from higher vocational colleges. As soon as the students graduated, they were hired by the enterprises that heard the news. Even the school wants to keep a few students to work in the internship workshop.
The level of teachers has been effectively improved.
In the process of implementing the combination of production and education, it provides a platform for teachers to practice. Our professional teachers have carried out probation and practice in the production line, and obtained a good opportunity to integrate theory with practice and improve their professional quality. Teachers have been trained and grown, and their professional level has been greatly improved. A group of professional teachers with real talents and practical learning have gradually grown up, laying a solid talent foundation for the future sustainable development of the school and becoming a great wealth of the school.
Effective integration of school-enterprise culture.
During the implementation of the combination of production and education, the enterprise management system gradually migrated to the management process of the training base, which promoted the organic combination of enterprise culture and campus culture. Corporate culture has entered the school, enriching the connotation of campus culture. Accepting the radiation of corporate culture and promoting the integration of corporate culture and campus culture is an important guarantee to realize the seamless connection between students and employees. We regularly invite enterprise managers to preach enterprise spirit and enterprise culture in schools, create opportunities for direct dialogue between students and enterprises, and guide students to consciously cultivate professional ethics and teamwork spirit needed by enterprises.
The cost of educating people has been effectively supplemented.
Objectively speaking, the loss of raw materials for students' "real knife and real gun" internship is unbearable for the school. In the process of combining production with education, enterprises will bear this cost, and they will also bear the consumables of unqualified products. In addition, the enterprise also pays the corresponding depreciation expenses of machinery and equipment, and brings some production equipment; A "scholarship" has been set up for students who are self-motivated and outstanding. These have greatly supplemented the educational cost of the school.
The fundamental purpose of the combination of production and education is to cultivate talents, and production is the foundation, but it must serve the teaching, which is the basic principle to deal with various problems in the process of the combination of production and education. We believe that the combination of production and education, under the current education management system, can not be outsourced to outside schools, specializing in product production, regardless of "teaching", become a disguised school-run factory; It can't be contracted by the school, and it can't be completely organized by the school. In that case, the enterprise advantage can't get in, and it will still be the original school internship factory. Therefore, it is still necessary to conduct in-depth research on "combination" and explore its mechanism. Enterprises pursue economic effect, and we pursue talent effect. The perfection of their "combination" determines the overall level of the combination of production and education. 1. Vocational schools rely on industries and give full play to the role of industries in human resource demand analysis and education and teaching guidance. In order to give full play to the role of national industry authorities and industry organizations, the Department of Vocational Education and Adult Education of the Ministry of Education established 33 industry vocational education teaching steering committees in 1999. In the implementation of the Vocational Education Curriculum Reform and Textbook Construction Plan proposed by the Action Plan for Education Revitalization Facing 2 1 Century, the industry vocational education teaching steering committee has played a very good role. In Jiangsu, Guangxi and other places, the Ministry of Communications, the Ministry of Construction, the China Electric Power Enterprise Federation and other departments and industry organizations have also set up consulting institutions to play the role of the industry and guide the construction of vocational education.
2, vocational schools and industry enterprises to implement joint education, the implementation of "order" training. Industry enterprises participate in the whole process of education and teaching management in vocational schools, provide certain funds, necessary equipment, production practice places and some professional teachers to vocational education according to the joint school-running agreement, undertake some training project teaching activities, and enjoy the right to give priority to graduates. According to the job training objectives put forward by industry enterprises, the school sets up majors and training programs, completes curriculum development, organizes teaching activities according to the requirements of industry enterprises, participates in the development of new technologies and new products in enterprises and institutions, and provides training, technical consultation and other services for employees. Jiangsu vocational schools and enterprises carry out "order-based" training to promote the integration of school enrollment and enterprise recruitment. In 2003, the province's "order-based" enrollment reached more than 20,000 people, and Zhenjiang Vocational Education Center's "order-based" training accounted for nearly half of the school enrollment. Joint education effectively enhances the vitality of vocational schools and is conducive to cultivating high-quality workers who meet the requirements of enterprises and industries.
3, relying on professional industries, run industries to promote professionalism. Many vocational schools all over the country take advantage of the brand advantages of the high-quality majors they run, actively establish corresponding school-run industries, rely on professional development industries, and promote professional construction with industrial development, forming a virtuous circle of "combining production with education, promoting education with production, and supporting education with production" and creating a good atmosphere of combining production with education. Hunan Material School relies on the decoration company established by interior decoration specialty, with fixed assets of over RMB120,000, annual output value of over RMB 50 million, and profits of over RMB 7 million for the school. Vocational schools in Shaoyang, Hunan, Nangong, Jiangsu, Jurong, Weifang and other places further put forward that they should be market-oriented, strive to run a major well, build an entity, educate a group of talents, develop an industry, enrich the people and strengthen the school, and have created good experience in this regard. At the same time, it also promoted the local economic development.