Editor's Note: Establishing a good relationship between teachers and students is an important condition to achieve the educational goal of the school, the goal of educators, and one of the indicators reflecting the quality of education. In the past, the research on the relationship between teachers and students was mainly aimed at primary and secondary education. What about the current situation of the relationship between teachers and students at the university level? What kind of teacher-student relationship should be established in university campus?

On the eve of Teachers' Day, in order to understand the current situation of teacher-student relationship in universities such as Peking University, Tsinghua and Beijing Normal University, the editor distributed more than 100 questionnaires to sophomores and juniors, and invited Professor Shi Zhongying, vice president of Beijing Normal University and director of the Department of Education, to comment on the survey results. It reflects some problems worthy of consideration and exploration by university educators.

A Questionnaire Survey of Shi Zhongying, Vice President and Head of the Department of Education of Beijing Normal University.

Questionnaire Design Our reporter Lu Lijun Intern Liu Qin

1. At which stage of your study career did your most impressive teacher appear:

A. Primary school (11%) B. Junior high school (27%) C. Senior high school (44%) D. University (now) (18%).

Comments: Students choose "high school" and "junior high school" far more than "university", which is related to the grades of students who fill in the questionnaire and the characteristics of universities. The tasks of university teachers are different from those of primary and secondary school teachers. The tasks of primary and secondary school teachers are relatively clear, mainly "teaching" and "educating people". Primary and secondary school teachers can call out every student's name at will. The class teacher knows all about the students' food, clothing, housing, transportation, joys and sorrows, and their learning situation, but it is difficult for university teachers to do so. In addition to teaching and educating people, university teachers should also undertake various tasks such as scientific research, social service and policy consultation. This determines that even college counselors and class teachers can't be with students every day, and their psychological distance from students may not be as close as that of middle school teachers and students.

As far as the management mode of the university is concerned, it is a unique cultural atmosphere of the university to create independent conditions for students and constantly realize and surpass themselves in self-education and self-management. Therefore, after class in college, 50% of students may not be able to call their teachers. In this way, how can students have a deep impression on the teacher?

2. Are there any teachers you admire or admire?

A. Yes, many (34%) B. No (1%) C. Yes, only a few (62%) D. Never thought about it (3%).

Comment: Generally speaking, the answer is "yes". This is because university teachers have professional expertise, cutting-edge research fields, rich academic achievements, participated in many academic activities at home and abroad, and have rich experience, broad vision and good academic reputation; Second, because university teachers are not constrained by textbooks in class, they can introduce research topics that they are interested in, and they are eloquent and attractive to students. Therefore, it is reasonable that students will naturally feel admiration and appreciation for university teachers from the heart.

3. If there is a teacher that you admire or appreciate now, he or she is usually:

A. professional teachers (41%) B. public teachers (9%) C. optional teachers (13%) D. all three (37%).

Comments: Professional teachers are generally of high quality and level, and have certain influence in the professional field. Older teachers are usually well-known professors, while younger teachers are generally cutting-edge figures, so students generally admire professional teachers.

There are fewer people who choose public courses, and the reasons are more complicated, which need in-depth analysis. As far as I know, some public teachers are still very popular. However, the survey results also show that the teachers of public courses such as ideological and political courses, moral education courses, physical education class and foreign language courses in some colleges and universities need to be further reformed and improved in teaching content, teaching methods, classroom management and their own quality. In view of the fact that public courses undertake the task of general education and are related to the all-round and harmonious development of students, how to enhance the charm of public courses, including the influence of teachers who implement general education, is a problem that universities should seriously consider at present and in the future.

4. What do you think is your relationship with the teacher?

A. Managers and managed (5%) B. Professors and taught (76%) C. Buddies (0) D. Friends (19%)

Comments: Most students choose the relationship between "professor and being taught", which reflects that the teaching methods in universities mainly focus on teachers' lectures, students' lectures and taking notes.

At present, there are many discussions about what kind of teacher-student relationship should be established in university classrooms, mainly focusing on two models. One is the "continental model", which holds that the best way for teachers to guide students is teaching. Teachers' knowledge, wisdom, way of thinking and insight into life can all be revealed in wonderful speeches, and students are fascinated and willing to study in depth. The other is the "Anglo-American model", in which teachers talk less and students discuss more. But I personally think that speaking less does not mean speaking well, nor does it mean that teachers are not prepared before class; If students don't preview before class and read reference books in advance, the quality of class discussion can't be guaranteed. Judging from the situation in China, we mainly adopt the former model.

I think the relationship between teachers and students is first of all an educational relationship, which is based on responsibility. In addition to teaching activities, teachers should also give students academic guidance and life guidance to help them solve the problems of learning pressure and emotional problems, so the relationship between teachers and students can not be simply attributed to "professors and lecturers." In fact, the relationship between teachers and students in universities is very rich.

5. Compared with teachers in other stages, what do you think is the most valuable quality of university teachers?

(multiple choices) A. Can guide students to form a perfect personality (35%) B. Can enlighten students in thinking (56%) C. Care for students and help them patiently and meticulously (7%) D. Set an example and be a teacher (15%) E. Love majors and be willing to study (39%) F.

Comments: There are many options for students to choose this question, which also shows that teachers are not only professors, but also mentors who guide the direction of life. They should guide students to explore what they are interested in and give them inspiration, encouragement and guidance.

University is the last stage of students' study, after which students will start independent research. Therefore, evaluating teaching activities is not only about imparting knowledge, but also the basic duty of university teachers to cultivate students' scientific research ability.

6. Besides teaching and answering questions, do you want to have the opportunity to communicate with teachers in your spare time?

A. I really hope to communicate with teachers (53%). B.i don't want it at all. I regard it as hard work (0). C. it doesn't matter (6%). D. Just communicate if it is convenient (4 1%).

Comments: Most students show a desire to communicate with teachers, but according to the eighth question, few students really communicate with teachers. I think there are many reasons, mainly because students are not active in learning. Some students formed a bad habit in the basic education stage: I won't go to the teacher first unless the teacher cares about me actively. In order to solve this problem, an important part of freshmen's entrance education is to help students complete the transformation of learning concepts and learning methods: from passive learning to autonomous learning, from receptive learning to research learning. In class, university teachers usually tell students their contact information, including email address, hoping that students can find themselves when they encounter problems. In fact, university teachers also hope to communicate with their classmates more and understand their study and ideological situation.

7. What would you like to communicate with your teacher if you have the chance: (multiple choices)

A. Learning experience and experience of this major (38%) B. Development trend of related knowledge and frontier fields of this major (54%) C. Frustrations and happiness I encountered in my life and study (25%) D. Teachers' experience and feelings in learning and teaching (45%) E. Teachers' views and suggestions on you (34%) F. Others (3%)

Comments: From the perspective of students' choice, they mainly hope to exchange professional study and life issues with teachers. As teachers, we understand these needs of students very well. Therefore, university teachers should not only teach good books, but also cultivate good people. In teaching, university teachers should not only impart knowledge of books or textbooks, but also make great efforts to guide students to understand the latest progress of theories and methods in a certain knowledge field; In educating people, university teachers should not only convey mainstream values to students, but also try to understand the conflicts and challenges brought by the changes of the times to students' physical and mental development, and help students correctly treat and solve the differences and conflicts of various values and lifestyles. Considering the rapid development and changes of China society, the task of university teacher education is very heavy. This is a unique phenomenon of higher education in China, and it is also a task that we should strive to accomplish.

8. Do you have time and opportunities to communicate with the teacher after class?

A. Yes, at any time (2%) B. Not at all (41%) C. Yes, but rarely (49%) D. Never tried it, I don't know (8%).

Comments: In fact, in college, students can communicate with teachers in various ways at any time. Judging from the situation of the School of Education of Beijing Normal University, no teacher will refuse to say "I am busy, don't look for me" when students need help. Of course, when communicating with teachers, students should pay attention to making an appointment with teachers first, which is at least polite and the basic knowledge of communication between teachers and students. Some students in this project choose "basically none", and some students choose "I haven't tried it, I don't know". These phenomena are worth thinking about. I don't know whether students don't need it or teachers don't have time. Here, I once again appeal to college students: if you have anything and want to talk to your teachers, just go to them, don't worry, don't hesitate. I believe that teachers will use their rich knowledge and experience to help you overcome the difficulties in your study and life and get better development.

9. If a teacher can choose, what do you value most about him or her? (Multiple choices) A. Have original opinions on the research and problems of the courses taught (55%) B. Be brave in the reform and practice of teaching content and teaching methods (22%) C. Listen to opinions and constantly adjust teaching (1 1%).

Comments: Judging from the selection results, students still attach great importance to whether the teacher has expertise in learning and is unique in the research field. In connection with the discussion of "famous teachers go to the podium", I think teachers are also a team and have a division of labor. For young teachers, it is difficult to lead a research group to engage in scientific research, but the first-line basic courses are a systematic opportunity for learning and exercise. For a famous teacher, he is an expert in a certain field, but taking a basic course focusing on imparting knowledge may not be very suitable. So I think famous teachers should take classes, but they should use their research experience to take elective courses, cutting-edge courses and first-class courses.

I think it is difficult for university teachers to choose other options for students, such as B and D. This is related to the teaching methods in universities. In some classes, there are as many as one or two hundred students. How can we teach students in accordance with their aptitude? Similarly, is it necessary for university teachers to reform teaching methods as hard as primary and secondary school teachers? Personally, although many teachers don't pay much attention to teaching methods or art, their rich and profound knowledge can still attract a large number of students. Therefore, the reform of university teaching cannot take the path of primary and secondary schools. The effect and quality of university teaching depends more on the degree of teachers' research on their own subjects and whether they can be called experts in this field. Of course, if a university teacher can combine rich and profound knowledge with perfect teaching art, it will be great and a teaching realm worth pursuing.

10. Teacher's Day is coming. Do you want to give the teacher a gift? If so, what gift will you give?

A: E-cards, flowers, songs, pens and blessings. ...

Comments: From this open question, we college students respect teachers very much. This is not only because China has a tradition of respecting teachers and attaching importance to teaching since ancient times, but also reflects the harmonious relationship between teachers and students in universities. As for what kind of gifts students give their teachers on Teachers' Day, we encourage students to express their feelings for teachers through electronic means. This way is environmentally friendly and convenient, and teachers will feel very happy when they receive it. Every sentence written by students with their heart, even a cliche "Teacher, you have worked hard", will make us very moved and gratified. Teachers' Day wishes are more about heart than value.

1 1. Please write what you want to say to your current teacher most:

Answer: talk more about practical problems and often discuss them in class! Teacher, you have worked hard. ...

Comments: It can be seen that many students hope that the teacher's teaching can be combined with reality and discuss more practical problems. This is completely understandable. But I think that university teachers should be cautious about the relationship between "professionalism" and "reality". University education is mainly professional education, and professional education must highlight professionalism, pay attention to the explanation, analysis, criticism and introduction of professional concepts, propositions, theories and methods, pay attention to the academic, cutting-edge and exploratory nature of the content taught, and pay attention to cultivating students' academic interest and scientific spirit. University education also has the task of career preparation, so we should pay attention to reality and seek truth from facts in teaching content. But seeking truth from facts does not mean ignoring majors or academics. Students hope to have a big discussion in class and discuss more social hot issues, but if the discussion does not rise to a professional point of view, it is worthless, that is, the discussion in the streets and lanes does not provide useful guidance for their study and development.

12. Please briefly describe your ideal university teacher image in a few words:

A: Wise, profound, noble, humorous and enthusiastic. ...

Comments: Generally speaking, it is satisfactory that university teachers can set an example for students in knowledge and life. The student also described his ideal image as a university teacher, which also gave us educators a lot of inspiration. We can measure how well we have done. Students want teachers to blend in with students as much as possible. I think it should be the other way around. Students should integrate into the teacher's research team as much as possible, listen to the teacher's lectures and participate in the teacher's research projects.

What kind of teachers do college students like in the new era? I think the questionnaire survey can be used as a reference to evaluate college teachers in the new period, which has practical value and significance.

-holiday gifts for teachers:

A bunch of flowers+a "thank you, teacher, for your hard work"+lifelong thoughts = holiday gifts.

If possible, send the teacher a long vacation.

A pen, commenting on what's going on in the world.

Order a song or send a short message to the teacher, and write a letter when you are free.

It is best to express your growth and gratitude to him with your own works.

Understanding eyes and smiles, a carefully selected book.

I think the best gift is to be able to understand and comprehend the knowledge and skills taught by teachers and have their own unique ideas. I hope teachers are deeply gratified by the results of hard teaching.

A sculpture of a fruit tree covered with peaches and plums

In a word, "take care of yourself"

-most want to say to the teacher:

Talk more about practical problems and often discuss them in class!

For all my favorite teachers, I am willing to be their students all my life.

Teacher, you are my motivation.

Can consider what we want from our perspective, help us introduce our future life and work, and give appropriate suggestions.

I hope that teachers should not only have high professional knowledge, but also impart knowledge to us well.

You can make friends with us and understand each other.

I hope you can give your hard-working classmates the marks they deserve, not just on the basis of exams.

Keep a pure land in the vat of society.

The frost leaves are gorgeous, and the plum blossoms are fragrant with snow.

The back waves of the Yangtze River push the front waves, and shine on you is better than blue.

Thank you for your concern and training. You are the person I will always admire in my heart!

Teacher, please give me more opportunities to exercise.

Your rigorous teaching attitude has improved my personality, thank you!

Try to integrate with students.

The ideal image of university teachers;

Brilliant, knowing and doing in one, master style.

Knowledgeable, innovative, noble and approachable.

Dedicated, rigorous style, informal, diligent in research.

Funny, humorous, quoting classics in teaching, has its own style.

With high professional level, enthusiasm, noble personality, wisdom and humor.

Have poise, talk naturally and generously, have a young heart, love to communicate with students, and have lofty personality charm.

Life is informal, well-read, well-known, amiable, strict and caring for students.

Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude is used in the reform of teaching content and teaching methods, which has unique views on fully tapping students' potential.

It is best to be a world-class master, an example for us to learn and the backbone of the nation.

Love teaching, love students and give life guidance.

Rigorous scholarship, a teacher by example, integrity, kindness and affability.

A friend and teacher.

Learn something, specialize in surgery.

Have a moral demeanor and a sense of shame.

Two kinds: first, Kan Kan talks about astronomy and geography, and constructs a knowledgeable knowledge system through vivid analogy; Second, it is kind and rigorous, rigorous in scholarship, and has high requirements in cultivating students.

(Selected from the survey results of questions 10, 1 1, 12 in the Questionnaire on Teacher-Student Relationship in Universities)

China Education News, September 2004, 10, 10.