Since 1999 "If Memory Can Be Transplanted" and "Rich and Colorful Answers" in 2000, "Topic" composition, as a brand-new examination mode, has attracted more and more attention from students, teachers, parents and society. (Applied Writing (Monthly) 200 1, No.6, p.52)

First, what is a "topic" composition

"topic" refers to the center of the conversation; An article that focuses on a given theme and selects materials around the center content is a "theme" composition. This kind of composition questions generally do not contain opinions on the surface, and the content is not limited, and the form is often not limited. "Topic" composition actually only provides a topic, that is, it specifies the central content of expression, without limiting the scope of materials and the form of expression. Compared with the previous propositional composition, the advantage of topic-based open proposition lies in giving candidates more space to write and play. Candidates can say what they want to say and write what they want to write according to the content provided by the materials, or by connecting with reality or using their imagination; You can choose your own style, or discuss or narrate, talk about your own understanding of things and express your true feelings, so that candidates can have a free space in writing. (Applied Writing (Monthly) No.6 200 1)

(1) The topic composition provides a writing scope, and the topics provided only play the role of prompting the content to point. Propositional composition generally provides the center of writing content (except, of course, the proposition itself is a topic).

⑵ The content required by the topic is related to it, while the propositional composition is generally required to be closely related to the topic.

(3) Generally speaking, the writing scope of topic composition is far larger than that of some propositional compositions.

(4) The proposer can make his own topic, but he can't choose another topic.

Topic composition is easier to stray from the topic than other articles, so you must be careful before writing.

Writing a good topic composition should pay attention to the following points:

First, grasping the topic of stylistic writing is often not limited to stylistic writing, so that candidates can play freely. However, unlimited style does not mean

No style. The "unlimited style" of topic composition is actually not limited to one style, so that students have the freedom to choose a style.

When you choose a style, you must write according to the characteristics of this style. The observation ability of some students

Strong, rich life accumulation, might as well extract the wonderful fragments of life, write a vivid and touching narrative; Have the same

Learning imagination, good at writing stories, might as well write fairy tales, fables or science fiction; Some students have strong logical thinking ability,

If you are good at reasoning, you might as well write an argumentative paper with good reasons; Some students have delicate and rich feelings, so they might as well write a beautiful expression.

Love prose, it will be very good.

Second, narrowing the scope of topic composition only provides the topic of writing, without center, material, structure, style, language, etc.

Restrictions, etc. It gives candidates a relatively open conception space and allows them to give full play to their imagination and creativity.

Force. But if we don't pay attention to the topic and narrow the gap in writing, there will be a situation of "writing a thousand words and pulling Wan Li".

Gross. Therefore, no matter how broad the topic is, we should be good at narrowing the "encirclement circle" and choosing a small incision.

Population, such as a thing, a person, an object, a feeling, a little opinion, etc. , concentrate on breakthrough, put you

The topic selection angle is written in detail and thoroughly, so as to achieve "seeing the big from the small".

Third, the title of the proposed topic is the "eyes" of the article. As the saying goes, "A good composition is half the battle". Topic composition makes yourself

Therefore, we should strive to improve the level of the proposed topic, and strive to make our proposed topic accurate, concise, implicit and novel.

Let the marking teacher "love at first sight".

Being good at associative topic composition is an open composition form, which requires candidates to let go of their hands and feet and enjoy themselves.

Imagine space, be good at developing associations in many directions, and thus produce colorful ideas. Favorite topic

"Wind", you can think of natural wind: breeze, gale, gale, hurricane, tornado and so on; You can also associate it

For social atmosphere: flattery, gift giving, etc. You can think of a fashion like the wind: Jin Yong fever, Han Han.

Hot and so on; You can even think if you are the wind, if you meet the wind and so on.

Since writing a new topic composition is an exam-oriented composition, we should always give the marking teacher a good feeling and get a good score.

Count. So it is very important to write characteristics and new ideas. When writing, you should be good at "finding another way", that is,

It requires us to have a unique feeling in our conception and not to go into the clouds; Have a unique vision in material selection, and don't talk about old topics; build

Unique thinking, unstable, calm tone and unique charm, not general.

Skills of writing questions.

In recent years, writing for materials has become an important way. However, many students are flat.

Without exercise, I can't draw up a composition topic in the examination room, and I can't write a successful article.

So, how can we draw up the exam composition questions? Besides reading more books and practicing more at ordinary times, master some skills of writing topics by yourself.

Methods are also important. Here are five simple methods: borrowing, imitating, spelling, drawing and substituting.

"Borrowing" means borrowing ready-made topics from ancient and modern masterpieces at home and abroad or from the life around you, and using them skillfully to meet your own requirements.

The article came up. For example, Gorky's Mother and Lu Xun's Hometown have been used before and after. You also "borrowed" me

"Borrow", the more "borrow", the better. It can be said that the same topic is different and the charm is unique. This method is best used when the examination room is tense.

"Imitation" means copying a composition topic that meets your own needs according to the topic format used by others. For example: "Back

Remembering mom can be parodied as remembering junior high school life, and thinking and doing can be parodied as learning and thinking.

"Spelling" means putting together the effective components in several related topics to produce a new composition topic. some

The meaning of "spelling" includes some words and some usages. For example, the title of 1990 college entrance examination composition is "Flowers and"

On this basis, some people "spell" the second space of "association", which is intended to be a thorn association, which can be described as icing on the cake.

Flowers.

"Extraction" is to extract keywords or short sentences from a given material as a composition topic. For example, in 1990 college entrance examination composition,

Someone extracted the words "flower", "thorn" and "girl" from a given material and drew up a literary and attractive work.

The title is Flowers, Thorns and Girls.

"ghostwriting" means that when time is tight and it is impossible to draw up a satisfactory topic, you can draw up a ghostwriting first and confirm it after the full text is written.

Decide, or because of the inspiration in the writing process, suddenly come up with a good topic. Such as "talk about ..." "remember ..." "introduction

Salt ... "and so on.

Of course, the above five methods are often not used alone in the examination room, but often used comprehensively, which will be more accurate.

Come on, draw better.

What is a topic composition?

1, what's the topic?

The so-called topic is the center, content and beginning of the conversation.

2. What is a topic composition?

Topic composition is an article written around a given topic, that is, around the center, content and beginning of a given dialogue.

For example, 3

A, trees, trees accompanied by human beings, all kinds of trees; A tangible tree, an intangible tree. Some people plant trees, others destroy them. People praise and sigh for trees. Trees hold the ardent hopes of mankind; Trees are rich in human feelings. When it comes to trees, there will be endless topics and fantasies about flying freely. ...

Please write an article about 600 words on the topic of "tree", which can be described, described, discussed and lyrical; Style is not limited, except poetry. In the above example, the "tree" is the center of the conversation, the content of the conversation and the beginning of the conversation. As long as the composition written by the candidates is related to the "tree", it is relevant.

Please look at the following example:

B, there is a fable, writers, scientists, entrepreneurs and philosophers get together, and someone proposes to describe and praise the world in one sentence.

The writer praised: the world is really beautiful!

The scientist said seriously: The most precious thing in this world is exploration.

The entrepreneur said excitedly: The world is full of business opportunities.

The philosopher didn't speak, thought for a moment and drew a "?" On the paper. And "!" .

Please write an article on the above fable or one of them.

C. Write an article on the topic of "Olympic bid". The above two examples are also topic compositions.

Characteristics of topic composition

1, related. The topic composition must be related to the topic. Generally speaking, the requirements of topic composition only stipulate the scope of the topic, but do not limit the theme of the composition.

2. Freedom. This is the biggest feature of topic composition. Candidates have great freedom and autonomy in selecting topics, selecting materials, style and imagination.

The specific performance is as follows:

(1) Free topic. A given topic can be left as a topic, and candidates can do it themselves. However, it is best to ask questions that reflect the characteristics of style.

(2) freedom of material selection. As long as you choose to write about the topic, it is effective.

(3) freedom of style. Most topic compositions require candidates to freely choose narrative, expository, argumentative or dramatic styles other than poetry.

(4) Freedom of imagination. Topic composition gives candidates a wide range of freedom in topic, material selection and style, and also gives candidates a broader imagination. But pay attention to the depth of imagination. In short, the topic composition narrows the restrictions on candidates and provides more choices and imagination. Candidates can give full play to their strengths, write their own personality and reflect their creativity in their compositions.

3. "Topic" composition also has distinct characteristics.

"Topic" composition is to let students gallop in the space of image thinking and show the rich association and imagination ability of middle school students. Because "topic" composition is more conducive to the surge of image thinking, students can let go of their hands and feet and fly freely. They can give full play to their imagination, and they can also spread the wings of association at will. "The sky is vast, and birds can fly." (Applied Writing (Monthly) No.6 200 1)

Third, the difference between topic composition and proposition composition:

The topic composition provides the writing scope, and the provided topic only plays the role of prompting the content to point. Propositional composition generally provides the center of writing content (except, of course, the proposition itself is a topic)

(2) The content required by the topic is related to it, while the propositional composition generally requires close attention to the topic.

Generally speaking, the writing scope of topic composition is far larger than that of some propositional compositions.

(4) The author of the topic can draw up his own topic, and the author of the proposition cannot choose another topic.

5. Examination is the key. The key to grasp the topic is to examine the limitations of the topic and determine what can and cannot be written. Secondly, we should examine the connotation and make clear the extension meaning of the topic. Finally, we should examine the hints, because hints are the materials that lead to the topic.

Give you a few more examples:

Say goodbye to pessimism

There is half a glass of water on the table-that's a fact.

There is only half a glass of water on the table-that's right.

There is still half a glass of water on the table-I see your smile.

It can be seen that it is the world that is not easy to change, but your mentality that can be changed. Facing the same door, some people are pessimistic about the darkness inside, while others are optimistic about the tranquility inside; Some people are pessimistic about the storm outside, while others are optimistic about the freedom outside. Pessimism and optimism, different mentality, I want to say: farewell to pessimism.

19 14 One night, Edison's film lab suddenly caught fire, which caused great losses. Edison comforted his heartbroken wife and said, "Never mind, although I am 67 years old, I am not old. From tomorrow morning, everything will start all over again. I believe that no one will be too old to start working. " The next day, Edison not only began to build a new workshop, but also began to invent a new kind of light-portable searchlight to help firefighters advance in the dark. The fire was like an episode for Edison.

At the age of 80, he still maintained the spirit of an inventor and worked hard for his own invention and creation activities. 1927, he founded Edison plant research company, devoted himself to a brand-new research field and looked for new chemical materials. Edison, 8 1 year-old, successfully extracted rubber from weeds and was highly praised by people.

1931018 At 3: 24 in the morning, Edison closed his eyes with a relieved smile at the age of 84. Before he died, he said frankly, "I have done my best for the happiness of mankind, and there is nothing to regret."

On the day of the funeral, the lights in the United States were turned off for one minute to show their condolences. This is the most solemn way for people to express their infinite memory of Edison, and it is also a silent hymn dedicated to this great inventor.

Facing the same door, will you be too timid to choose and hesitate? Will it be pessimistic, afraid and uneasy? Say goodbye to pessimism! Maybe you can't change the world, but you can abandon your pessimistic attitude and face challenges and tempering.

There is still half a glass of water on the table. Let's smile ...

There is a song that says, "We all need the courage to face the gossip". Yes, everyone needs courage. We need it to face all successes and failures, we need it to face all right and wrong, we need it to face all things.

I have known the story of Zhaojun's departure from the fortress since I was a child. Her spirit has been deeply infecting me. What drove her to the desolate frontier regardless of the palace's gold and silver jewelry, gorgeous silks and satins and comfortable and luxurious life? Is this what one person said and did? Everyone knows that going to the frontier fortress is a choice that never looks back and it is impossible to come back. Did Zhao Jun think about it? What made her do this, she thought, was courage!

When Cao Cao defeated Chibi and fled to Huarong Road in panic, he was deceived by Zhuge Liang's clever plan, and it was Guan Yu who had friendship with him. Guan Yu is full of strength and justice. At this time, Guan Yu faced two choices: one was to capture Cao Cao alive and gain fame. The second is to let Cao Cao go and go back to be punished. Guan Yu made a written military order in front of the strategist, and he must take Cao alive, otherwise he will die. But it is against his conscience for him to catch Cao Cao. After all, the human heart is made of meat. Cao Cao treats him well and people are affectionate! So finally let Cao Cao go and go back to die. When he makes a choice, what makes him do it, besides his own justice, is courage. This is a matter of personal and even national security, and it needs courage to do it.

Students, when faced with a choice, do you have the courage to choose? Go to the podium to face it and read a speech in front of your teachers and classmates. Do you have the courage? Do you have the courage to run for class cadre voluntarily? Show your courage! Anything, when you decide to do it, is already half the battle, because you have the courage to do it, and you are very courageous. How many things have you never had the courage to do through the ages? Probably very few. The bird flew over the sea. Can it fly over? Then you must try. It takes courage and courage to try.

Whenever you do something, show your courage, your courage and your confidence! With these, you have stood far from the starting line.

Brave spirit

As long as we can live and die together, even pain becomes joy. -romain rolland

"Do you think I have the courage?" She asked.

"Yes, you have a lot of courage."

"If I have some courage, it is because I can give you a listen to it after being enlightened by several mentors. Many years ago, I volunteered at Stanford Hospital, when I met a little girl named Lisa. She is very ill.

This situation is very rare, and the only chance to save her life is to receive blood transfusion from her five-year-old brother, because her brother was miraculously saved from this disease, and now his body has produced antibodies against this virus. The doctor explained the situation to the little boy and asked him if he would donate blood for his sister. I saw him hesitate for only half a second, then took a deep breath and said, "If I can save Lisa, I will."

"During the blood transfusion, he lay quietly beside his sister, and when her cheeks returned to ruddy, he couldn't help laughing.

But then he put away his smile, looked at the doctor's pale face and asked in a trembling voice, "Will I die soon?"

"It turned out that he was too young to understand the doctor's meaning and thought he would lose all his blood to his sister."

"Yes, I know what courage is," she added, "because I saw an example."

Topic composition "Courage"

[Title]

People often use "great wisdom and courage" to praise a person's extraordinary talent. So what is "courage"? Are you brave enough to overcome difficulties, or dare to face evil forces, or can you overcome your cowardice?

Please write an article on the topic of "courage". Self-defined, self-selected style, self-designed topic, not less than 600 words.

[hint]

This topic can be conceived as follows: 1. According to what you have seen and heard, remember a brave man. For example, the famous Italian journalist Farazi, with all her courage, interviewed many heads of state (such as Reagan and Deng Xiaoping) and set an example for people. She believes that as long as one has courage, there is nothing unsuccessful. Reference title: Courage makes her so successful. 2. Illustrate the difference between courage and recklessness through a fictional fable. For example, courage and recklessness are brothers, but courage is often successful, so people love it; Recklessness often makes mistakes, so people hate it. If you are reckless, you will have the courage to find a reason. Recklessly said, "Why are you better than me?" Courage said, "I'm not better than you, but I think carefully before I do things, unlike you who only rely on temporary impulse." Reckless said, "who said that? I also use my brain. " Courage said, "You use your head to think about what to do, and I have to think about the consequences." Proposed topic: debate.

[Wonderful example]

Life vitamin

Wei Sun

Recently, I read a report: an American young man who traveled to China tried his best to get back his robbed bag for an old man in China, but everyone in China was indifferent. After reading it, I can't help but feel chilling and puzzled: Why do young Americans who have never met come forward, but China people who are compatriots are indifferent? I heard that Americans take vitamins. Are there any special ingredients in their vitamins that can teach people to be brave? If there is, I think this vitamin should be called "courage" and China people just lack this life vitamin.

People need courage. A person who has no courage is like losing his spine, unable to stand up straight, and can only crawl on the road of life. The sun can't shine on him, and the goddess of fortune will never care for such a person. Throughout history, no great man or celebrity lacks courage. It is because of their courage that they become outstanding and stand at the peak of the times. Galileo's courage is that he is not superstitious about books and dares to challenge authority, so he has the famous "Leaning Tower of Pisa Experiment" in history, and human physics has turned a new page. Why Copernicus and Bruno are immortal? Not only because of their outstanding academic achievements, but more importantly, they are real warriors who stick to scientific truth even if their lives are threatened. Today, it seems that people can still hear Bruno's sonorous argument of "sun-centrism" until the last moment of their lives. For another example, in the case of ten years of catastrophe, "Recovering Conscience" was revealed from the mouth of a weak woman, which shocked the whole of China. This weak woman is Dai Houying. What courage it took to say these short words at that time!

You can't live without courage. In the journey of life, we will always encounter all kinds of setbacks and hardships. At this time, we need the courage to arm ourselves with it, go through many difficulties and reach the peak of life. If you have courage, you will have sails and ride the wind and waves all the way; With courage, you will have a halberd to clear the way and pass through all the way; Only with courage can you have a complete life.

My friend, if you already have courage, the vitamin of life, please cherish and make good use of it; If you lack this vital vitamin, please inject this indispensable vitality into your life. Next time you find something ugly, please stand up bravely, because you have the courage. Of course, criminals don't have this vitamin.

With courage, you will get the greatest gift.