original text
Author: Zeng Shen
Confucius said, "When I heard the lawsuit, I was still alone. It will not file a lawsuit! " A heartless person must not try his best. Great fear of the people, this is called knowing it.
This is called knowing it, and this is called knowing it.
Translation and annotation
translate
Confucius said: "I, like others, listen to the lawsuit in order to try the case and prevent it from happening again." Call for grasping the root, so that people who hide the real situation dare not say sweet words, which makes people fear.
This is called knowing the root and the bottom, and this is called knowing the extreme.
To annotate ...
(1) "Confucius" sentence: quoted from The Analects of Confucius Yan Yuan. To hear a lawsuit, to hear a lawsuit is to hear a case. Jews are like everyone else.
(2) A heartless person will never try his best: a person who conceals the truth cannot be sweet.
(3) popular will: popular will, popular will.
University profile
"University" is an essay on the Confucian thought of self-cultivation and governing the country. Originally the 42nd article of The Book of Rites of Little Dai, it is said that it was written. In fact, it is a Confucian work in the Qin and Han Dynasties, and it is an important work for China to discuss educational theory in ancient times. After being highly praised by Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi in the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhu in the Southern Song Dynasty wrote "University Chapters and Sentences", which was finally called "Four Books" together with The Doctrine of the Mean, The Analects of Confucius and Mencius. After the Song and Yuan Dynasties, "Da Xue" became the official textbook of the school and the required reading of the imperial examination, which had a great influence on the ancient education in China.
The "three programs" and "eight requirements" put forward by "University" emphasize that self-cultivation is the premise of governing the country and leveling the world, and the purpose of self-cultivation is to govern the country and leveling the world, which embodies the consistency between governing the country and leveling the world and personal moral cultivation [10000.466617]
The full text of "Da Xue" is concise, profound and far-reaching. This paper mainly summarizes the pre-Qin Confucian moral cultivation theory, as well as the basic principles and methods of moral cultivation, and also systematically discusses the Confucian political philosophy, which has deep inspiration for being a man, doing things and governing the country [2].
Year of writing
University comes from the Book of Rites, which was originally the 42nd of 49 articles. The Book of Rites was originally named The Book of Rites of Little Dai, also known as The Book of Little Dai. It was compiled by Dai Sheng in Xuan Di era according to a batch of anonymous Confucian works left over from history. Ban Gu, a dynastic historian, notes that "The Book of Rites was written by the people after 1970s" in 131 Historical Records, and thinks that the book was written mainly from the early Warring States Period to the early Western Han Dynasty.
Cui Shu, a native of Qing Dynasty, said, "The style of every article is exhausted by time ..." There are too many words in Daxue, so it should be in the Warring States period. "On the whole," Da Xue "was written after Confucius and before Mencius and Xunzi in the early Warring States period, that is, around the 5th century BC, and it was a pure Confucian work of Zeng School. That is to say, "Da Xue" should be a work in the early Warring States period, and its author should be "Zeng's Confucianism", which is now recognized by academic circles as the work of Zeng Shen in the early Warring States period.