Writer; 1783 was born in new york on April 3rd. He was sickly since childhood and dropped out of school at the age of 16. He studied law in several law firms, but he is not interested in law. He loves literature and roaming. 1804 I went to Europe to recuperate because of illness, and I have been to France, Italy and Britain. I once wanted to be a painter. 1806 After returning to China, I worked as a lawyer in Virginia, and later helped my two brothers run import business. At this time, he was engaged to Matilda, the daughter of lawyer Hoffman, and 1809 died young; Although I have been in love several times, I have been living a single life. 1807, he and his brother William and others * * * founded an accidental publication Miscellaneous Notes, which started his literary creation activities, showing his humorous, witty and implicit satirical talent.
Irving's first important work is The History of new york (1809). After that, in 10, except for serving as a short-term officer in 18 14 during the Anglo-American War, he has been helping his brother to do business. 18 15 Owen went to work in his brother's branch in Liverpool, England; 18 18 branch closed down due to economic depression, and Owen stayed in Britain and made a living by writing.
Second, Cooper, J.F.
The novelist was born in Burlington, New Jersey. When I was two years old, my family moved to Kuips, new york. The nearby lakes and forests and legends about Indians deeply attracted him. 1806, he went to a merchant ship to learn sailing, and then took part in shipbuilding at a naval base on the shore of Lake Ontario. He used to be a captain in the navy. 18 1 1 year, he resigned from the navy, married the daughter of a landlord and settled in Kuijpers. Started writing novels at the age of 3/kloc-0. 1 Novel Alert was published at its own expense on 1820, which was very unsuccessful. Encouraged by his wife, he changed his direction and wrote a book that he thought should be purely American patriotism, that is, Spy. The novel was very popular after the publication of 182 1. Later, he wrote The Pioneer (1823) and The Helmsman (1824), which reflected the frontier life, and created three different types of novels in the history of American literature, namely, the revolutionary historical novel Spy, the frontier adventure novel The Pioneer and the marine adventure novel The Helmsman.
From 65438 to 0826, he served as the American consul in Lyon, France, and traveled to Italy and Britain. In addition to writing sea adventure novels, he also wrote a trilogy reflecting European life: The Assassin (183 1), The Cult in Black (1832) and The Executioner (1833), which shows that before the rise of capitalism,
1835 After returning to China, the novels The Way Home and The Face of My Hometown (1838) satirized not only American society, but also the hypocrisy and stupidity of some characters in Kuijpers, so they were attacked by public opinion. In his later years, he even supported the American invasion of Mexico. 185 1 died in September 14.
During his 30-year creative career, Cooper has written more than 50 novels and other works. His most accomplished works, such as The Story of Leather Socks, have a great influence on American western novels. It still has many readers.
Emerson
Thinker, essayist, poet. 1803 was born in a pastor's family in Boston on May 25th. 1882 died in Concord, Massachusetts on April 27th. /kloc-graduated from Harvard College at the age of 0/7. /kloc-entered Harvard theological seminary in 0/826 and was allowed to preach the following year. 1828 became the pastor of the second church in Boston, belonging to the only dominant monotheistic Sect in New England at that time. Later, because he disapproved of some teachings of this sect, he gave up his priesthood, traveled to Europe in 1833, visited the pioneers of romantic movements such as Landau, Coleridge and Wordsworth, and became close friends with Carlisle, deeply influenced by Kant's transcendental philosophy. After returning to China, he published the book Nature on 1836, which contains almost all the seeds of his important thoughts. 1837 On August 30th, Emerson delivered a speech entitled "On American Scholars" in the American Students' Union, attacking the phenomenon that money worship and capitalist division of labor alienated people into things in American society and emphasizing the value of people. It is pointed out that the task of scholars is to reveal the truth freely and bravely from the skin, so as to inspire, improve and guide people; He called for national pride and opposed blindly following foreign theories. This speech was a sensation and had a great influence on the rise of American national culture. It was praised by Holmes as "our declaration of independence in thought".