I found that my father smoked five or six cigarettes on May Day and coughed when he got home. On may 2, my father didn't smoke, and he still had a cough when he got home. On May 3rd, my father smoked several cigarettes. As a result, he kept coughing and feeling dizzy, which made me feel distressed.
When I got home, I went online to inquire about the harm of smoking. According to the computer, cigarettes contain a lot of chemicals, most of which are harmful to human body. For example, nicotine is as addictive as heroin and cocaine. When you smoke, nicotine can enter your brain in just ten seconds, which makes your heart beat faster, increases the risk of heart disease and causes withdrawal symptoms when you don't smoke. Not only nicotine, cigarettes also contain harmful substances such as carbon monoxide and tar, which will not only cause pharyngitis and bronchitis, but also cause cancer. Smoking can also promote diseases such as atherosclerosis and ulcers. It turns out that smoking still has so much harm. I can't help shivering. Like my father, he has been smoking for more than ten years. If he doesn't control it, the above symptoms will appear. Cough may be a sign of these diseases. Dad, I feel sorry for you. For your health, please smoke less, drink more tea and exercise more, so that your health will be improved step by step!
First, ask questions.
Smoking is harmful to human health. However, in recent years, there are more and more smokers in China, not only middle-aged people, but also young people. Some eight or nine-year-old children are also learning to smoke, and female smokers are also developing rapidly. Although life is the most precious thing for people, smoking is equal to chronic suicide, but for smokers, it seems to be deaf, and you can't live without smoking.
Second, the investigation and data collation
Some people have done some statistics: 90% of lung cancer, 75% of emphysema and 25% of coronary heart disease are all caused by smoking. About 2.5 million people worldwide die of various diseases caused by smoking every year, with an average of 1 person dying every 13 seconds. The number of deaths caused by passive smoking is 4000 ~ 5000 in the United States, 1000 in Britain and 500 in Canada each year.
1 cigarette contains nicotine that can kill 1 mouse, and 20 cigarettes contain nicotine that can kill people.
Three. conclusion
Nowadays, more and more teenagers have developed the habit of smoking. According to statistics, at least 1/3 15 ~ 25-year-old young people in large and medium-sized cities smoke, and even some young women have started smoking. The key is to persuade them patiently according to their state of mind. Some people smoke out of curiosity, mostly middle school students. They have a strong sense of adulthood and long for adulthood, which is one of them. The second is vanity, which is common in young workers around the age of 20. They think they don't smoke and are afraid of being laughed at as unsociable. In order to be "rich", they have to use "peony" and "Hilton" to put on a facade. The third is fashion sense, mostly young women. They think it seems fashionable to put a thin and long cigarette under their red nails. Young people who don't smoke for a long time are easier to give up. As long as you persuade patiently and guide correctly, most people will quit.
Someone said, "A cigarette after a meal is better than a living fairy." Therefore, some people, especially some young people, are often addicted to smoking. As everyone knows, just as they were having fun, all kinds of poisons in tobacco launched a cruel attack on them.
According to the analysis, tobacco contains about 1200 compounds, most of which are toxic to human body, especially nicotine, which is particularly harmful. Nicotine in one cigarette can poison a mouse, and nicotine in 20 cigarettes can poison a cow. If a person smokes 20 to 25 cigarettes a day, he will inhale 50 to 70 milligrams of nicotine, which can cause death. It is only because they are gradually inhaled that the human body has a certain detoxification ability and is spared.
Four. suggestion
As we all know, smoking is harmful to health. For the sake of health, smokers should quit smoking. If it is difficult to quit for a while, you should adjust your diet to minimize the harm of smoking to your body.
According to the American Tobacco Network and the International Tobacco Network, researchers from McMaster University in Ontario, Canada issued a statement saying that their survey results show that compared with people who have never smoked, the risk of heart disease of smokers has increased by 30%;
The results of a survey conducted by a private survey organization in Britain show that smoking may increase the susceptibility of smokers and passive smokers to HIV by modifying various immune systems of the human body; According to a survey conducted by a pediatric research institute in Mexico, the risk of asthma in infants without a family history of asthma is 8%; If he lives in a family with smokers, the probability will rise to 32%; Researchers at Harvard Medical School in the United States said that passive smoking will lead to an increase in the probability of osteoporosis in menopausal women; Researchers from the Indian Public Vision Protection Research Foundation said that snuff or chewing tobacco products will greatly increase the risk of cataracts for smokers; There are many so-called "research reports" that smoking is harmful to health, but even if their credibility is very low, once published in the media, it will cause considerable shock to the public, especially smokers.
Xinhua News Agency A research report released by the United States on the 20th said that smoking will have a long-term impact on the brain. After taking cocaine, heroin and other addictive drugs, animals' brains will be similarly affected. Drug abuse researchers under the National Institutes of Health studied the brain tissues of deceased smokers and non-smokers and found that the brains of smokers had changed, even though they had given up smoking for many years. By analyzing the levels of two enzymes in brain neurons, the researchers also found that the levels of enzymes in the brains of smokers or former smokers are higher. Bruce, the leader of the research team? Hope said that other studies have shown that the same changes will occur in the brains of animals that ingest cocaine and heroin. "This strongly suggests that similar changes found in the brains of smokers and former smokers are the reasons for their smoking addiction." Michael from Emory University in Atlanta? Kuchar also said that the data show that long-term chemical changes in smokers' brains indicate that nicotine addiction needs a physiological basis.
Dad, stop smoking! "Dad, I don't know how many times I have told you this sentence, but you still have a soft spot for cigarettes. When you smoke, I really want to cut off your cigarette and drop the ashtray on the floor. How I wish you could give up smoking.
Dad, you know what? The disadvantages of smoking can be said to be endless. More than 3,000 kinds of harmful components, including more than 30 kinds of carcinogens and accelerators, are formed when cigarettes are burned. Clinical research shows that 90% of lung cancer, 75% of emphysema and 25% of coronary heart disease are caused by smoking. According to statistics, the number of deaths caused by smoking in the world is as high as 3 million every year; In China, at present, 2000 people die from smoking every day ... How terrible these figures are! Dad, aren't you afraid?
Dad, you know what? Since you smoked, your spirit has obviously dropped. Your teeth are blackened by smoke, and a mouthful of smoke rises to the sky. It's disgusting. There is a thick layer of calluses on the fingers with cigarettes, and the color is sallow. Clothes pockets are bulging at any time and place. It goes without saying that they are filled with cigarettes and lighters. Sometimes, before you come, I have smelled the thick smoke on you. It's really "smell and see"! You always have a cigarette in your mouth; Always walk with a cigarette in his hand; At home, you should also put a pin or two in your ear, as if cigarettes were "the apple of your eye". If you lose them, you will feel that you have lost your soul.
Dad, stop smoking! "Dad, I don't know how many times I have told you this sentence, but you still have a soft spot for cigarettes. When you smoke, I really want to cut off your cigarette and drop the ashtray on the floor. How I wish you could give up smoking.
Dad, when will you realize my wish and really give up harmful cigarettes? Smile at me with your healthy face and talk to me without a trace of smoke, so that the air in our room is fresher. I look forward to this day coming soon.
I. Purpose of the investigation
Richard, an epidemiologist at Oxford University in England, said that smoking has become a worldwide social problem. Pito's prospective survey shows that by 2025, about 50 million young people under the age of 20 will die of diseases caused by smoking in China. According to relevant data, the smoking rate of teenagers in China is on the rise in recent years. Therefore, the problem of adolescent smoking has become a hot spot of social and people's concern. Because teenagers are in a critical period of long body and long knowledge, they are curious and imitative. Once they get into the bad habit of smoking, it is difficult to give it up. Therefore, in order to fully understand the situation of students' smoking, master its influencing factors, study and analyze the causes of smoking, improve students' awareness of harm, eliminate bad habits, and make young students grow up healthily, we conducted a questionnaire survey among students in a school.
Second, the survey object and method
1, respondents
We selected 30 students from Grade 7, Grade 8 and Grade 93 in a school, * * * distributed 30 questionnaires, and actually recovered 30 questionnaires.
2. Investigation methods
Adopt the method of cluster sampling survey, and make clear the meaning before the survey. Under the guidance of investigators, students finish their papers independently in the classroom, hand in their papers on the spot, and never record their names, so as to alleviate their worries and ensure the authenticity of the materials obtained.
3. Investigation and handling
We will use the questionnaire to make statistics by percentage.
Three. Investigation items and contents
The questionnaire asked the following questions:
When did you start smoking? 2. What was your state of mind when you started smoking? 3. How long have you been smoking? Are you still smoking? 4.where do you usually smoke? 5. How many times have you smoked? 6. Do you smoke often or occasionally? 7. Where did you buy cigarettes? When you learn to smoke, will the boss warn you that minors are not allowed to smoke or say something to stop you? 8. What influenced you to start smoking? The influence of parents, curiosity, the temptation of classmates or other reasons? 9. Where do you smoke? I bought it myself, from my classmates, and I took it from my parents? 10, do you know the harm of smoking? If you know why you still smoke? What's your attitude when you see your classmates smoking? Have you ever stopped it? 12. What brand of cigarettes do you usually smoke? How much is one?
Fourth, the survey results.
Survey of smoking among students.
Of the 30 people in this survey, 26 have smoked, accounting for 86.7%; Only 4 people have never smoked, accounting for 13.3%.
There are 10 students who started smoking in primary school, accounting for 40% of the total number of smokers; Eight people started smoking in the seventh grade, accounting for 30%; Eight people started smoking this semester, accounting for 30%. This shows that most students start smoking from junior high school, and it is on the rise.
2. When asked what kind of mentality they had when they started smoking, 80% of the students thought it was curious, exciting and fun. 65,438+00% students think that, like adults, some students think it is cool; 5% students feel scared and nervous; 5% students are vain and think they have face.
3. When asked where they usually smoke, 60% of the students are in places where no one is there; 20% students hide in the toilet; 10% students are in the kitchen; 10% of the students are in the dormitory. This shows that most students think smoking is a disgraceful behavior.
4. When asked whether they smoke regularly or occasionally, only 10% students smoke regularly and 90% students smoke occasionally. This shows that most students are not addicted to smoking.
When asked where you bought cigarettes, when you go to buy cigarettes, will the boss warn you that minors are not allowed to smoke or say something to stop you? 80% of the students bought it outside the school, 10% of the students bought it in the school cafeteria, and 10% of the students bought it in other students in the dormitory; No one warned minors not to smoke when buying cigarettes. Article 37 of the Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) on the Protection of Minors "prohibits the sale of alcohol and tobacco to minors, and operators shall set up signs in a prominent position not to sell alcohol and tobacco to minors. If it is difficult to tell whether you have reached adulthood, you should ask them to show their identity documents. " This shows that the boss doesn't know the law or has a weak sense of social responsibility.
6. When asked about the reasons why students smoke, 80% of them started smoking out of curiosity, and 20% of them were seduced by their classmates. This shows that students are mostly driven by curiosity and have poor self-control ability.
7. Asked about the source of cigarettes, 60% of the students who smoked were given by their classmates, 30% bought by themselves, and 10% was stolen from their parents.
8. When asked about the dangers of smoking, 100% of students know that smoking is harmful to human health.
9. When asked what your attitude is when you see classmates smoking around you, 80% people are indifferent, and only 20% people come forward to stop it.
10, 80% of the cigarettes smoked by the students are a box of Hongqi Canal in 5 yuan, 15% are Pinus ponderosa around 3 yuan, and 5% are 10 yuan a box of Haudi cigarettes.
5. Analysis of the causes of adolescent smoking
1, curious
In the survey, we know that 80% people smoke because they want to try. Young students are very curious and attractive about new things and behaviors. So is smoking. They are in the mood to try. They feel uncomfortable when they see adults with cigarettes in their mouths, and think that smoking may have endless fun. So I want to taste the taste of smoking myself.
2. Communicative psychology
Under the influence of social atmosphere, in order to connect feelings, mutual respect for cigarettes has become a habit. Students think that cigarettes can make people feel close.
3. Idol imitation psychology
It can be seen from the survey that 20% people smoke because of fashion. Many young students have idolatry. Such as parents, teachers, celebrities, stars and so on. Imitate their words and deeds, especially the posture of idols when smoking, thinking that this can narrow the distance between themselves and idols and make them feel "mature". So the students learned to smoke.
4. Driven by vanity. Young students have a strong vanity. When they see other students smoking, they want to smoke like other students.
Preventive countermeasures of intransitive verbs
Intervention on smoking among young students should involve society, schools and families.
1. Schools should shoulder the heavy responsibility of smoking control for teenagers.
(1) Schools should formulate tobacco control policies. School is the main place for young students to study and engage in activities, and school policies also play a vital role in the formation of young people's smoking behavior. In the school management system, the rules and regulations prohibiting smoking are clearly defined and the tobacco control system is implemented.
(2) Schools should really implement health education courses. Tobacco control education in schools is mainly carried out through the construction of educational courses, and the penetration of disciplines is strengthened. It is necessary to explore a new model of health education and incorporate health education knowledge into normal classes in schools.
(3) Carry out extensive and lasting publicity and education on the health hazards of smoking through theme activities or classes, school blackboard newspapers, wall newspapers and other activities, and also organize students to discuss the impact of tobacco on the ecological environment and the development of teenagers, watch movies, videos, pictures, etc., so that students can truly realize that smoking is an act that harms others and themselves, and thus consciously resist smoking.
(4) Pay attention to students' mental health education. Through the investigation, we can see that many teenagers smoking is not only their behavioral problems, but also reflects the psychological problems of students. For example, imitation psychology, various psychological pressures, the needs of communication psychology, curiosity and so on. We must pay full attention to students' emotional needs, reduce their psychological pressure, enrich their extracurricular activities, clarify their life goals and responsibilities, enhance their rational judgment and self-control over smoking behavior, and realize their conscious and rational resistance to smoking.
(5) Teachers should set an example. Schools should stipulate that teachers should not smoke in school and in front of students, or incorporate teachers' smoking ban and setting an example for students into the Convention on Teachers' Morality, which is linked to the selection of civilized classes and teachers' rewards, and stipulate that there is no ashtray in the office and no cigarettes are provided to visitors. These measures will have a positive impact on young students' tobacco control.
(6) Praise non-smokers in time, and give a sincere and enthusiastic word of encouragement to those students who have not completely quit smoking but have achieved phased "achievements", which is more effective than taking any panacea. What students need is not criticism and punishment, but care, warmth and friendship. The form of encouragement not only stays in words and characters, but also pays more attention to the actual embodiment.
2. Fully mobilize the strength of family and society.
(1) Parents should control the pocket money given to students every month. At present, most students have excellent family conditions and their parents give them more pocket money. Female students like to eat snacks and small animals, while male students who smoke spend a considerable part of their monthly pocket money on cigarette consumption. There are also some students who smoke directly from their parents who smoke, which affects their children, and cigarettes at home can be obtained at any time. Therefore, as parents who smoke, they should actively quit the habit of smoking, and at the same time, they should make good plans when giving their children pocket money. On the other hand, they should cooperate with schools to strengthen the education of students and guide them to carry out correct consumption and healthy activities.
(2) Strengthen the formulation and implementation of tobacco control laws and regulations. According to the survey, young students can easily buy cigarettes. This shows that the social environment in China has a great influence on minors. Although the relevant national laws and regulations have explicitly prohibited all forms of tobacco promotion activities, prohibited commercial departments from selling tobacco to minors, prohibited all acts of teaching, distributing and persuading minors to smoke, and prohibited smoking in public places. However, law enforcement is obviously not enough. The successful experience of Singapore, the country with the lowest smoking rate, confirms that imposing a certain degree of fine on minors who smoke and requiring them to attend health consultation lectures is one of the effective means to control smoking among young students.