2. Different:

1) Features:

A) China Ancient Academy: emphasizing preaching and giving lessons to solve doubts, advocating ethical virtues, paying attention to teaching and self-study, and the dean is fully responsible;

B) Medieval universities: attaching importance to practicality, pursuing scientific rationality, advocating lectures and debates, and effectively managing societies.

2) Structure:

A) Western education in the Middle Ages formed a pluralistic structure, which is characterized by the pluralistic opposition between church, monarchy and secularism. In the early stage, it was mainly run by churches, and in the later stage, it was mainly urban secular schools. Universities have become the three major forces in Europe, keeping pace with the church and the royal power. Regarding the power pattern in Europe since the Middle Ages, people often use the famous saying that "God's business belongs to God and Caesar's business belongs to Caesar". In fact, you can add: "Aristotle's business belongs to Aristotle." It embodies the wisdom and strength of its folk independent education model.

(2) The ancient education in China completed a unified structure with government-run education as the main part and private academies as the supplement, which served for the strengthening of autocratic politics. Its characteristic is that there is a dual system of official and private schools on the surface. However, private school has always been a vassal of official school in essence, and it has no breakthrough ideas, no power against official school, and no independence of its own. Judging from the above characteristics, the ancient education in China has completed a closed and unified structural system, and there has been no qualitative change in the thousand-year operation.