"Double first-class" refers to the construction of world-class universities and first-class disciplines. 20 15, 10/0 On October 24th, the State Council issued the Overall Plan for Promoting the Construction of World-class Universities and First-class Disciplines (hereinafter referred to as the "Double First-class" Plan), and arranged10 key tasks from two aspects of construction and reform, including "Building First-class Teachers".
It can be seen that the construction of high-level talent team is one of the important tasks for colleges and universities to build first-class universities and first-class disciplines.
Fan Xiudi, an associate researcher in quality evaluation of Tongji University Development Planning Center, told 2 1 Century Business Herald that scientific research achievements, high-level talents and the number of papers are all very important indicators in university evaluation.
In the evaluation of high-level talents in colleges and universities, academicians of the two academies, Changjiang scholars, overseas high-level talents (hereinafter referred to as the "Thousand Talents Program") and winners of the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (hereinafter referred to as "Jie Qing") play an important role in the evaluation of colleges and universities.
"If I want to score these four indicators in the evaluation work, under the condition that the academicians of the two academies 100, Changjiang Scholars, Thousand Talents Program and Jieqing can generally score 50 points each." Fan Xiudi explained the relative weight of these four indicators to reporters.
It must be said that having an average teaching staff of world-class universities is one of the important fulcrums for universities to squeeze into the "double-class" list.
However, due to the scarcity and mobility of high-level talents, it will inevitably become the object of competition among schools.
So, how do universities perform in this talent "arms race"?
Traditional prestigious schools are still high places for talents.
265438+20th Century Business Herald reporters combed the number of "Academicians of the two academies", "Changjiang Scholars", "Thousand Talents Program" and "Jieqing" in local universities. Statistics show that among the top 44 universities in China, except the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Peking Union Medical College and Shenzhen University, all the other 4 1 universities were "985". Moreover, the gap between "985" and "2 1 1" colleges and universities is very large.
Zhang, a lecturer at the Institute of Higher Education of Tongji University, analyzed that the advantages of high-level talents in "985" and "2 1 1" universities are structural advantages. The internal decisive factor is the layout of master's programs and doctoral programs. At the beginning, universities that can become "985" and "2 1 1" projects will have more doctoral programs, which determines the gap in basic strength between universities. Under normal circumstances, it is difficult for ordinary colleges and universities to attract high-level talents only by undergraduate majors.
The overall strength of ordinary universities is not as good as that of national key universities, which is an important reason why it is difficult to win more doctoral programs. Some experts also believe that for a long time, the autonomy of local universities in setting up doctoral programs is too small, which is an important factor leading to the shortage of doctoral programs in local universities.
In April this year, the Ministry of Education and other five departments jointly issued "Several Opinions on Deepening the Reform of the Combination of Simple Administration, Decentralization and Administration in the Field of Higher Education", which mentioned that it is necessary to further delegate power to local governments and universities, so that universities can have greater autonomy in running schools. Steadily promote the independent examination of doctoral and master's degree authorization points in some colleges and universities.
"In addition, on the basis of the gathering of doctoral programs, whether universities have important platforms such as national key laboratories and national engineering centers related to their disciplines is also a factor for high-level talents to further consider." Zhang said to him.
Take Shenzhen University as an example. In recent years, its teaching staff has been growing. According to official website of Shenzhen University, there are 9 academicians of the two academies (including 3 short-term employees), 5 academicians of American Academy of Sciences, Academy of Engineering and Academy of Medical Sciences, 1 academician of Canadian Academy of Engineering 1 person, 1 academician of European Academy of Sciences 1 person and 2 academicians of International Eurasian Academy of Sciences. There are also 3 academicians of the Chief Academy of Sciences of the "973 Plan", the top-notch talents and innovation team of the Central Organization Department 1 1,000 people, 60 winners of the "Thousand Talents Plan", 22 winners of the "Changjiang Scholar Award Program" in distinguished professor (including short-term employees 16 people) and 29 winners of "Jieqing".
The continuous growth of the teaching staff benefits from Shenzhen University's efforts to build a scientific research platform and introduce talents. At present, Shenzhen University has eight Industry-University-Research platforms in Shenzhen. It is worth noting that in June this year, two national scientific research laboratories-"National Engineering Laboratory for Computing Technology of Big Data System" and "Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation of the Ministry of Education of 2D Materials Optoelectronic Science and Technology" settled in Shenzhen University at the same time.
A strong economy and a highly competitive market
According to the 265438+20th Century Business Herald, the top ten cities with the largest number of high-level talents are Beijing, Shanghai, Nanjing, Wuhan, Xi, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Chengdu, Hefei and Tianjin. It is worth noting that in the ranking of urban GDP in 20 16, except for An and Hefu, other cities are among the top ten cities with strong economies, and the regional GDP exceeds one trillion.
The reason for the gathering of high-level talents is not only the local economic strength, but also the talent policy of the city. Take Chengdu as an example. In July this year, Chengdu issued the Strategic Action Plan for Priority Development of Talents in Chengdu, offering financial support of up to 3 million yuan to academicians of the two academies, experts of the national "Thousand Talents Program" and "Ten Thousand Talents Program" and local innovative entrepreneurs and scientific and technological talents who have made great contributions to Chengdu's innovation and entrepreneurship. At the same time, it also provides services such as housing, settlement, spouse employment, children's enrollment, medical care, social security, entry and exit residence convenience, and entrepreneurial support.
In this regard, Chu Zhaohui, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Educational Sciences, said that cities that can attract high-level talents generally have several characteristics: First, they have strong economic strength, good environment and many development opportunities; In addition, colleges and universities are rich in resources, strong academic atmosphere and numerous scientific research platforms, which are suitable for academic research, which is also an important factor to attract high-level talents.
Take Hefei as an example. Although the economic volume of Hefei is not the first in other cities, the scientific research strength of Hefei, led by China University of Science and Technology, should not be underestimated. It is reported that after Hefei High-tech Industrial Development Zone was approved as a "double-innovation" demonstration base last year, the list of the second batch of "double-innovation" demonstration bases in China announced by the General Office of the State Council this year also includes Hefei Institute of Material Science of China Academy of Sciences and Hefei Rongshida Electronics Group. At present, Hefei has three national "double innovation" demonstration bases, ranking among the top provincial capital cities in China. At the same time, Hefei is also an important scientific research and education base and a national pilot city for scientific and technological innovation.
"Matthew effect" of high-level talents
2 1 Century Business Herald reporters combed the national data of high-level talents and found that high-level talents mostly gathered in the eastern coastal provinces, which was in obvious contrast with the western region. Taking the number of academicians of the two academies as an example, there are 1028 academicians of the two academies in universities in the eastern region, while there are only 134 academicians of the two academies in universities in the western region.
In addition, the reporter made statistics on young Changjiang scholars, winners of the National Excellent Youth Program and the Youth Thousand Talents Program, and winners of Jie Qing newly added in colleges and universities from 2065438+06 to 2065438+07, and found that 80 people from Zhejiang University were selected, surpassing Peking University and Tsinghua. Peking University has 79 people selected, ranking second; Tsinghua University was selected 67 times, ranking third. In recent years, Sun Yat-sen University, which has a strong momentum, ranks fourth with 56 people. More than 30 people were selected from Shanghai Jiaotong University, Fudan University, Nanjing University, University of Science and Technology of China, Huazhong University of Science and Technology and Wuhan University. After that, the number of selected students in 30 colleges and universities is basically below 10, and the gap between top-notch young talents in colleges and universities is obvious.
On the whole, most of these top young talents are concentrated in key universities in the eastern coastal areas such as Zhejiang, Beijing, Shanghai and Guangdong, while fewer talents in the central and western regions are selected.
Many experts said that the high-level talents in the east and west are divided, and the Matthew effect of talents in various regions is becoming more and more obvious. On the one hand, it is due to the economic development gap between the east and the west, on the other hand, it is also related to the efforts of colleges and universities to enter the "double-first-class" list and strive for high-level talents.
Under the call of national first-class universities and the construction of first-class disciplines, many universities in the east have tried their best to attract talents. The reporter found in official website of Dongguan University of Technology that in the advertisement of high-level talent recruitment in the school, the winner of the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars, the Changjiang Scholar of the Ministry of Education and the experts and scholars of the National Thousand Talents Program gave a generous salary of 6.5438+0.3 million yuan and a housing subsidy of 2.5 million yuan. In addition, in terms of research start-up funds, the talents in science and engineering disciplines can reach up to 20 million yuan, and the humanities and social sciences can reach up to 2 million yuan. Up to now, the school * * * has introduced 6 academicians (double-hired and special-hired) from the two academies, 7 Changjiang Scholars 1 1 person, and 7 experts from the "Thousand Talents Program" of the Central Organization Department.
Coincidentally, Hangzhou Dianzi University gives academicians an annual salary of 5 million yuan, tianjin polytechnic university gives them a housing subsidy of 5 million yuan, and North China University of Water Resources and Hydropower gives the imported chief scientist 30 million yuan for research start-up.
In the investigation, the reporter also found that from 20 16 to 20 17, the number of academicians in a key university in northwest China decreased by more than half. Maybe these talents are not all poached with high salaries. However, we have to admit that this practice of attracting high-level talents with high salaries, housing subsidies and research funds has indeed caused brain drain in some colleges and universities.
Solve the "negative effect" of talent flow
In the face of the "war of grabbing people", the Central Organization Department and the Ministry of Education recently held a forum, expressing their opposition to universities in the central, western and northeastern regions grabbing talents from the east and preventing the phenomenon of "strong in the east and weak in the west" from further worsening.
Zhang, a lecturer at the Institute of Higher Education of Tongji University, told the 2 1 Century Business Herald that the brain drain in the central and western regions is actually in line with the basic flow law of human resources, because talents will definitely flow to these places with more developed scientific research environment, better atmosphere and better treatment. This will also help these talents to play a better role in a better environment.
"But at the same time, it has also brought some negative effects, because some' hat talents' ('hat talents' mainly refer to scholars who have corresponding titles because they have been selected into the talent plan projects of various ministries and commissions of the country) got this' hat' from the central and western regions, and some scholars can get this' hat' not only because of personal efforts and struggles, but also because of the efforts of the whole school in many cases. Zhang said to him.
The reporter found that there are not a few experts who have a negative attitude towards the introduction of "hat talents" at high prices.
Fan Xiudi, an associate researcher of quality evaluation in Tongji University Development Planning Center, believes that normal talent introduction and academic exchange are very necessary. However, at present, some colleges and universities do not fully consider whether "hat talents" are needed, and they will not hesitate to pay a lot of money for them whenever possible. This kind of behavior is extremely unfavorable to the flow of talents, personal growth, school development and the whole academic atmosphere.
"First of all, for the talents who have been poached, the research he did in the original school may not be able to get better development in the new school, and even there will be' acclimatization'; In addition, it will also have a great impact on the academic vitality and morale of schools that have been poached. Because often a' hat' is won by collective resources. The poaching of talents actually means that many resources of the original unit have also been taken away, which is unfair to the original colleges and universities. " Fan Xiudi's Analysis of 2 1 Century Business Herald.
So, how to break the bad atmosphere of blindly "digging people"? Experts also gave their "prescriptions".
"First of all, the relevant departments can issue documents to constrain the' hat' to follow people. In other words, human capital can flow, but not because of' hats'. It can be because the individual's research direction and expertise are more in line with the discipline development needs of another school, not just because of the names' Changjiang Scholar' and' Jieqing'. " Zhang said to him.
In this regard, Fan Xiudi believes that in the evaluation of colleges and universities, the weight of the index of "hat talents" should be reduced, because in fact, in many cases, "hats" cannot reflect the true academic ability and scientific research level of schools. At the same time, we should pay more attention to the cultivation of students and the output of scientific research results, which will help us build a world-class university.
On July 27th this year, the Ministry of Education issued the "Working Points of the Leading Group for Talent Work of the Ministry of Education" (20 17), which also proposed to improve the talent flow mechanism, encourage rational flow and curb vicious competition. Perfecting all kinds of evaluation mechanisms and guiding colleges and universities to establish a correct view of talents focus on laying a foundation and benefiting the long term. Give full play to the role of talent work alliance in colleges and universities, establish industry self-discipline mechanism and talent flow consultation and communication mechanism, and explore the establishment of a reasonable talent sharing mechanism. It is worth noting that it is also mentioned that it is necessary to strengthen the contractual relationship and legal awareness between universities and talents and implement employment contract management. Guide high-level talents to keep their promises and abide by employment contracts.
In addition, give full play to the guiding role of major national talent projects, further increase the inclination to the central and western regions and the northeast region, and attract a group of high-level talents to start businesses in the central and western regions and the northeast region.
User comments:
Universities in the eastern coastal areas and developed provinces are awesome enough, and 2 1 1, 985 itself is very strong. Double first-class universities will move to the central and western regions. After all, the educational resources in the central and western regions are not as strong as those in the eastern coastal provinces, and more support should be given to universities in the central and western regions. Don't pull the power between them. Let talents from the east flow to the central and western regions, and promote economic development and education in the central and western regions and underdeveloped regions.
Finally, I know what it means for Sichuan University to strive for a first-class university. I hope I can be selected ~ how can I live up to the number of students in Southwest First University mentioned by the counselors? Anyway, it is indeed the first in the southwest.
I hope the evaluation will not go wrong, otherwise it will be fatal to the future development of a university.
China Academy of Sciences has more than 340 academicians, followed by 97 academicians from Peking University. Maybe you didn't take part in the selection.
One of our teachers, who is well-known in economics, is not the first echelon of young and middle-aged people. Shenzhen University has set up a deputy office+3 million team research funds+300,000 basic annual salary+6,543.8+0,000 housing subsidies. The only big project team in our school, the school subsidizes 30 million yuan every year, and a university in the east subsidizes 80 million yuan every year. The core members of the team are a Changjiang scholar and a Jie Qing, almost five or six people, who have settled in 20 million.
If Nanchang University is admitted to double-class, and I am not admitted to Jiangxi Finance and Economics, then I am really angry.
The college entrance examination was rejected by Fudan University of Zhejiang University, and the National People's Congress was chosen without hesitation. Really, hehe.