You can get it if you think about it. "This language comes from Lao zi's" University "
The meaning of this passage itself is: knowing what you should achieve can make your ambition firm; With determination, you can be calm and calm; Only when you are calm can you feel at ease; Only when you feel at ease can you think of glory; Only by thinking about glory can we gain something.
The original text is as follows
The way of university (1) is to be wise (2), to be close to the people (3), and to stop at perfection. Zhi Zhi ④ then settled down; Calm down first and then be quiet; Be quiet before you can be safe; Worry first; After thinking about it, you can get (5). Everything has a beginning and an end, and everything will happen.
There's a start. If you know the order, you will find a shortcut. If the ancient desire is obviously superior to the world, rule the country first; If you want to govern your country, get your family together first (6); If you want to keep your family together, you should take physical exercises first (7); If you want to cultivate yourself, you should be upright first; Want to be right.
Heart, first sincerity; If you want to be sincere, let them know first (8); Know in the case (9). Things are known; Knowing it is sincere; Sincerity before righteousness; Put your mind right and practice again; After the body is repaired, the family is clean and tidy; Home first, then home.
Governance; The country rules and the world is at peace. From Tian Zi to Shu Ren (10), self-cultivation is the main method (1 1). Those who die of root disorder will be denied (12). Thick is thin, thin is thick (13), and there is nothing.
( 14)!
To annotate ...
(1) The way of university: the purpose of university. The word "university" had two meanings in ancient times: one was "erudite"; The second is "adult learning" relative to primary schools. In ancient eight-year primary schools, what they learned was "sweeping the floor to cope"
Basic cultural knowledge and etiquette, such as retiring and shooting books; At the age of fifteen, I went to college to study ethics, politics, philosophy and other knowledge, such as "being poor means being benevolent, cultivating self-cultivation, governing the country and leveling the world". So the latter meaning is actually related to the former meaning.
Well-informed places also mean "learned". The original meaning of "Tao" is Tao, and it is extended to law and reason. In China's ancient philosophy and politics, it also refers to the origin and individual of all things in the universe, a certain political viewpoint or ideology.
Departments, etc. , has different meanings in different contexts.
(2) Ming Ming De: As a verb, the former "Ming" means to make it move, that is, "to make it clear", which means to carry forward and carry forward. The latter "Ming" is an adjective, and Mingde is also an aboveboard figure.
(3) Being close to the people: According to later generations, the word "pro" should be "new", that is, bringing forth the old and getting rid of the old. Being close to the people means being new to the people, which makes people abandon the old and seek the new, and get rid of evil and do good.
(4) Zhi Zhi: Know the target.
(5) gain: gain. (6) Maintain family order: manage your family or clan well, and make the family or clan harmonious, beautiful and prosperous.
(7) Self-cultivation: Self-cultivation.
(8) Know it: make yourself acquire knowledge.
(9) Wu Ge: Understand and study everything.
Shu Ren: It refers to ordinary people.
(1 1) One is: both. Ben: Not at all.
(12) End: Compared with Ben, it refers to branches and the ends of branches.
(13) thick people are thin: people who should pay attention are not. Thin is thick: pay attention to what you should not pay attention to.
(14) Nothing: Nothing. There is no such reason (thing, practice, etc.). ).
translate
The purpose of the university is to carry forward the aboveboard moral character, make people innovate and reach the most perfect state.
Only by knowing what you should achieve can you be firm; With determination, you can be calm and calm; Only when you are calm can you feel at ease; Only when you feel at ease can you think of glory; Only by thinking about glory can we gain something.
Everything has roots and branches, and everything has a beginning and an end. Knowing this truth from beginning to end is close to the law of development of things.
In ancient times, if you want to carry forward the aboveboard character in the world, you must first manage your own country; If you want to govern the country well, you must first govern the family.
And family; If you want to manage your family and family well, you must first cultivate your own character; If you want to cultivate your character, you must first correct your mentality; If you want to correct your heart, you must first make your heart sincere; If you want to do it,
If your thoughts are sincere, you must first acquire knowledge; The way to acquire knowledge is to know and study everything.
Knowledge can only be acquired through the understanding and research of everything; Only after acquiring knowledge can the mind be sincere; Sincere heart, square heart; With a correct mind, we can cultivate our own character; Only through the cultivation of character can we manage the family and family well; Only when the family and clan are well managed can the country be well managed; Only when the country is well governed can the world be peaceful.
From the head of state to the common people, everyone should be self-cultivation-oriented. If this is fundamentally disturbed, it is impossible for families, families, countries and the world to be well governed. You can't put the cart before the horse, and you want to do a good job regardless of priorities!
2. Be calm, be quiet, be safe, be safe and think later. "Be calm and think later, be safe and think later ..." Starting from the university.
Original text:
The way of university is to be moral, to be close to the people and to stop at perfection. Zhi Zhi then has a decision, then he can be quiet, then he can be quiet, then he can be safe, then he can think about it, and then he can get it. Things have a beginning and an end, and things have a beginning and an end. If you know the order, you will find a shortcut.
Translation:
The purpose of the university is to carry forward the aboveboard moral character, make people innovate and reach the most perfect state. Steady before Zhi Zhi, be quiet after stability, be quiet after quietness, and be quiet after quietness, so that you can think carefully and gain something after careful consideration.
Extended data:
"Be quiet, be quiet, be safe, be safe and think later ..." Starting from the university, the background of this book:
University comes from the Book of Rites, which was originally the 42nd of 49 articles.
The Book of Rites was originally named The Book of Rites of Little Dai, also known as The Book of Little Dai. It was compiled by Dai Sheng in Xuan Di era according to a batch of anonymous Confucian works left over from history. Ban Gu, a dynastic historian, notes that "The Book of Rites was written by the people after 1970s" in 131 Historical Records, and thinks that the book was written mainly from the early Warring States Period to the early Western Han Dynasty.
Cui Shu, a native of Qing Dynasty, said, "The style of every article is exhausted by time ..." There are too many words in Daxue, so it should be in the Warring States period. "
On the whole, Daxue was written in the early Warring States period, after Confucius and before Mencius and Xunzi, that is, around the 5th century BC, and it was a work of the Zeng school of pure Confucianism. That is to say, "Da Xue" should be a work in the early Warring States period, and its author should be "Zeng's Confucianism", which is now recognized by academic circles as the work of Zeng Shen in the early Warring States period.
Baidu encyclopedia-university
3. Zhi Zhi can then decide, decide and then be quiet, quiet and then be safe, then be safe and consider it. On second thought, he can come to the university, one of the classic works of Confucianism. It means: "knowing the realm that should be achieved can make his ambition firm; With determination, you can be calm and calm; Only when you are calm can you feel at ease; Only when you feel at ease can you think carefully; Only after careful consideration can we gain something. " : 1) Zhi Zhi —— Make clear the principle and the expectation of "stopping" is "destination" and "location". "Zhi Zhi" has a clear understanding of its goal, destination and its own principled position. For Buddhism, "stop" is a free translation of Sanskrit, which is also translated as "stop silence". Vipassana's free translation of Sanskrit is also translated as "wisdom", which takes place on the basis of "stop", and refers to focusing on carefully observing predetermined things and thinking principles and gaining some merits and wisdom. 2) Fixed-stand firm, stand firm, and "fixed" is the guidance. Zhu's "University Sentence" explains the word "Ding", saying that the word "Ding" should mean unswerving. "Zhi Zhi is then fixed" means that you can have a clear understanding of the destination before you can stick to it. 3) Calm down-pure motivation, your heart will not move. "Quiet" is meditation. Zhu's interpretation of the word "static" is: "static" means that your heart will not move. For the sake of "quietness", Jing Jing is regarded as a recitation class for the first day of Xuanmen. As the saying goes, "people can always be quiet, and heaven and earth will eventually return." 4) Be able to be safe-calm in body and mind, calm and steady. "An" is everywhere, as steady as Mount Tai. Zhu's "University Chapters" interprets the word "An" as "An", which means "anywhere, anywhere". "Pipe. Internal strength "can be positive to be quiet, to be determined." "Again, it says," An upright heart means that everything is in a proper degree. Finally, it means "wisdom comes from virtue". (5) Be able to think carefully and eliminate prejudice. "Thinking" means thinking carefully. The word "thinking" is interpreted as "thoughtful" in Zhu's "University Chapters". 6) "University Question" is an essay on the Confucian thought of self-cultivation and governing the country. Originally the 42nd chapter of the Book of Rites Little Dai, it is said that it was written by Ceng Zi. In fact, it is a Confucian work in the Qin and Han Dynasties, and it is an important work for China to discuss educational theory in ancient times.
After being highly praised by Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi in the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhu in the Southern Song Dynasty wrote "University Chapters and Sentences", which was finally called "Four Books" together with The Doctrine of the Mean, The Analects of Confucius and Mencius. After the Song and Yuan Dynasties, "Da Xue" became the official textbook of the school and the required reading of the imperial examination, which had a great influence on the ancient education in China.
The "Three Outlines" and "Eight Items" put forward in "University" emphasize that self-cultivation is the premise of governing people, and the purpose of self-cultivation is to govern the country and the world, which shows the consistency between governing the country and the world and personal moral cultivation. The full text of "Da Xue" is concise, profound and far-reaching. This paper mainly summarizes the pre-Qin Confucian moral cultivation theory, as well as the basic principles and methods of moral cultivation, and also systematically discusses the Confucian political philosophy, which has profound enlightenment for being a man, doing things and governing the country.
Zhi Zhi must decide later, then he can be quiet, quiet and then he can be safe, then he can think about it, and then he can get it. Vernacular translation: Only when he can know what he has stopped and stop at the best time can his will have definite power; Only when the will has a certain concentration can the heart calm down; You can keep your head still, and then you can be content with the status quo; Be able to take things as they are, and then you can do things carefully and thoroughly; Only when you can think carefully can you achieve perfection. Zhi Zhi then had a clear translation: you can have a clear understanding of the destination, and then you can stick to it and tolerate things in the world; Empty your mind with the beauty of the world; Talk about things in the world from the heart: open your mind and accommodate things in the world; Modest and prudent, accept the beauty of the world; Calm down and analyze world events; Concentrate on learning and look at the world; Firmly believe in coping with the changes in the world.
5. How did Zhi Zhi feel when he read this 400-word sentence? The first sentence of "University" wrote: "The way of a university is to be well-known and close to the people, and stop at perfection.
Zhi Zhi then has a decision, then he can be quiet, then he can be quiet, then he can be safe, then he can think about it, and then he can get it. "Every time I read the statements in the pre-Qin period, I will always be impressed by the momentum in their language, just like the Book of Songs. Although unpretentious, it is a flash of soul and wisdom.
It is said that the pre-Qin period was a real integration of language and writing, and people all said classical Chinese. Then, people who were in the youth of human civilization at that time certainly spoke forcefully and hit the floor. For the second sentence of this sentence, Zhu explained it like this: "Stop, the place where you should stop is the best place."
If you know it, you will have a direction. Silence means that the heart does not move.
Ann, where you live. "At first, I thought Zhi Zhi just knew how to stop and how to restrain himself. Now I know that "stop" and the previous sentence "best stop" are unified.
Knowing what is good means having a clear goal in life, and then you will make your ambition firm. If you make up your mind, you will be calm and unfocused. If you are calm and calm, you will feel at ease in doing things, you will be thoughtful and thoughtful, and then you will gain something. Why is life always irritable? In the final analysis, it is because of "Zhi Zhi", which has no clear goal, enjoys it and resigned itself to fate.
If this goes on, it will be like having no fixed home mentally. I don't know where I'm going. I'm always in a precarious situation and I'm exhausted. Therefore, while we are still young, we should establish firm ideals, actively participate in society, and complete a life that can satisfy us.
6. Translation: The way of a university is to be well-known, be close to the people, and stop at perfection.
The first chapter of "University" says: The way of a university is to be virtuous and close to the people, and stop at perfection. "Mingde", "being close to the people" and "stopping at perfection" constitute the basic idea and "program" of the university.
Academic circles have always had different views on what is "Ming Ming De". Neo-Confucians in Song and Ming Dynasties, such as Zhu and Wang Yangming, all understood "Mingde" as an empty but not ambiguous heart, and thought that "Mingming Virtue" was the invention of the original heart, but the difference was that the former regarded it as "sex" and the latter regarded it as "heart".
Some contemporary scholars often associate "Mingde" with Meng Si's theory of good nature, thinking that "Mingde" is the expression of "Mingde" in The Doctrine of the Mean, and saying "Mingde" means that "Mingde" is manifested in the heart and sex is presented in the heart through practice. "(3) These views are obviously difficult for people to agree with and may not conform to the original meaning of the university.
Because from the perspective of ideological history, although the concept of "Mingde" appeared earlier-the university quoted Gao Kang and Ke Mingde to explain "Mingde" as proof-from the perspective of human nature, "Mingde" appeared later. Judging from the full text of Daxue, the word "Mingde" is still in the stage of being unconnected with human nature, which is not regarded as intrinsic, which is an important feature of Daxue's Mingde and a reflection of its early publication. Without this, it is obviously not in line with the reality of university thought. On the other hand, Mr. Mou Zongsan thinks that the words "virtue" or "monarch virtue" quoted in "University" refer to the theory of virtue, and it seems that he didn't realize its inherent essence at that time.
(4) Mr. Xu also said that "Mingde in universities can only be explained by wise behavior, but not by heart." (5) It is not an exaggeration to say that "Mingde" contains the meanings of "virtue" and "wise behavior" in the era of "University", but this is not the focus of "Mingde" in "University" because "Virtue" and "wise behavior" are rarely mentioned in the full text, on the contrary, it repeatedly emphasizes "integrity" and "wise behavior".
In fact, the word "Mingde" in "University" is mainly aimed at "self-cultivation", because it goes on to say: "Those who want to be Mingde in the ancient world should govern their country first, and those who want to govern their country should get their home first, and those who want to get their home should cultivate their body first." Because the above is a conditional hint, this passage actually says: if you want to know the virtue in the world, you must first fix your body, and then unite your family to rule the country and level the world.
Obviously, "Ming Ming De" means "repairing his body", and "Ming Ming De is in the world" means that everyone in the world can repair his body on this basis. Confucius' interpretation of "Ming Ming De" means "expressing one's own virtue is more obvious", which points out this point.
Since "Mingde" mainly refers to "self-cultivation", it should include "integrity", "sincerity", "attitude" and "knowledge". We should understand "Mingde" in universities from this point of view. There has always been a debate about "being close to the people" after "Mingde" in academic history.
Cheng Yi and Zhu advocated "people-friendly" as "new people", and Cheng Yi made the final volume (VI) of "University", making two changes to the text of "University". One is to change "if you have resentment, you can't be right" to "if you have resentment, you can't be right", and the other is "to be". Zhu also believes that "people who are close to the people today are unreasonable and literally pushed; "The newcomers are well-founded." (7) He made a bet on "being close to the people" in "University Chapters": "Dear, as good as new."
However, there are also many people who oppose Cheng and Zhu. For example, Wang Yangming once argued with disciple Xu Ai that "being close to the people should follow old books" and was listed in the first chapter of Biography. He believes that "being close to the people means self-cultivation, and saying that people are new is biased", which shows the opposition between the two. There are some words in Guodian bamboo slips, such as "teaching people to be new (pro)" (the way of Tang Yu), "disloyalty is not new (pro), not new (pro) does not love" (five elements), in which "pro" is written as "new", indicating that "pro" and "new" can be used universally (8
But it is not enough to determine whether "being close to the people" is a "newcomer", because there are actually two possibilities here. One is "being close to the people" and writing "new people", as Guo Dianjian did; First, "being close to the people" leads to "being close to the people", which needs to be further judged from the ideological content. Zhu and others changed "people-friendly" to "new people", mainly? Spying? Is it better to blow harder than scratch? This stick is long and thin. I don't know what to do. Look at it? File copy rake source code? Jia mu? What kind of animal husbandry do you want to do? Idle k? Target brigade, Babylon, where's the target? What happened? Open the glass? About Rong Yue's patella occlusion? Is it worth playing? Is that weird? テテテテテテテテテテテ? Gross! Hey? Stupid? What's the matter with you? Do you care about your trip? Is the stool just right? Is it awkward to pull out the capsule? What's the title? What are you doing? Aura? Leech insurance? What's left? Choose goals, travel, shelter, and thinness. I'm a father, Liao beer collapses. ⒘ ⒘ ⒘ ⒘ ⒘ ⒘ ⒘ ⒘ ⒘ ⒘ ⒘ ⒘ ⒘ ⒘ ⒘ ⒘ ⒘ ⒘ ⒘ ⒘ ⒘ ⒘ ⒘ What about the disease? What are you doing? I'm sick. 9. What are you doing? I am satisfied with the disorder! Bi Yuntian has a ring? Show? Hey? What happened to dad's coat and Liao beer? Erosion and grazing? Old Chun Zhu? What is the target travel time? What does malaria mirror mean? ⒎⒎⒎⒎⒎⒎⒎⒎⒎⒎⒎⒎⒎⒎⒎⒎⒎⒎⒎⒎⒎⒎⒎. What is your addiction? Hey? Embarrassed enemy brigade? Forgive health care? What? Erupting calcium? What's the matter with you? Stupid? What's the use of this technology? Pregnant on shore? Hey? Do you think it's a good idea to study fat and hold it? Bao ā blocked the school? Gongye Chang), and the meaning of "nurturing" is greater than that of "teaching", so "being close to the people" is obviously more consistent with the consistent proposition of early Confucianism than "being new to the people".