Text:
China * * * Production Party has gone through 96 years of arduous and brilliant course since its birth. Don't forget your active attitude and move on.
The historical inevitability of the birth of China's * * production party is a very important issue, which has both academic value and practical significance. To understand this problem, it is not easy to see it clearly from the process of party building itself. We must broaden our horizons and study and analyze China's creation in the context of China's modern history, so as to see the inevitable problems more clearly. The birth of the * * * production party in China is not an accidental phenomenon, nor is it artificially promoted, but it has a specific historical background and social foundation.
China was originally a powerful empire with a long history. Until the early Qing Dynasty, social productive forces were still in the forefront of the world. Due to the domestic autocratic rule and closed-door policy, the feudal dynasty gradually declined. China's closed-door policy was not changed by itself, but was bombed by capitalist colonialism. During the 60 years from 1840 to 1900, the western powers successively launched five large-scale wars, including the Opium War, the Sino-Japanese War and Eight-Nation Alliance's invasion of China. The five wars of aggression against China lasted 10 years, which means that China was beaten for one sixth of the time.
Due to the defeat, it was forced to sign more than 65,438+000 unequal treaties, such as treaty of nanking, treaty of shimonoseki, Xin Chou Treaty, ceding land compensation, opening ports and losing sovereignty. The Chinese nation experienced the profound disaster and humiliation of the invasion of western powers and gradually became a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. The contradiction between imperialism and the Chinese nation, feudalism and the masses of the people became the main contradiction in modern China.
Where there is oppression, there is resistance. Faced with domestic troubles and foreign invasion and national crisis, the people of China will not be willing to endure foreign aggression, national subjugation and extinction for a long time. People with lofty ideals in China and people from all walks of life launched a series of struggles to save the country and survive. However, all these efforts have failed, and hundreds of millions of people are still struggling.
19 1 1 The Revolution of 1911 was a relatively thorough bourgeois revolution in modern China. Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the forerunner of China's democratic revolution, founded the China League since 1905, put forward the program of "expelling Tatars, restoring China, establishing the Republic of China, and sharing land rights" and implemented the "three people's principles" of nationality, civil rights and people's livelihood. After many failed armed uprisings, Wuchang Uprising finally succeeded in1911110+00.
Within a month, 24 provinces 14 declared independence, left the Qing government and joined the revolutionary camp. 19 12 On New Year's Day, the provisional government of the Republic of China was proclaimed, and Sun Yat-sen was elected as the provisional president, establishing the first republic in the history of China and ending the feudal autocratic rule that lasted for more than 2,000 years. This is an epoch-making victory and a historic contribution of Sun Yat-sen and the revolutionaries.
Unfortunately, the victory of the Revolution of 1911 was not consolidated and was usurped by Yuan Shikai. On the one hand, the strength of the two sides is very different, and the revolutionaries led by Sun Yat-sen have been active overseas for a long time, and their domestic foundation is relatively weak. At that time, the powerful Yuan Shikai controlled the army and economic resources, making the revolutionaries unable to fight back; On the other hand, it also reflects the weakness and compromise of the national bourgeoisie. Yuan Shikai played a double-dealing trick, expressing "support for peace" to revolutionaries and forcing the Qing royal family to abdicate and hand over power. Sun Yat-sen was forced to resign as interim president, Yuan Shikai took the opportunity to become the president of the Republic of China, and China entered the period of the rule of Beiyang warlords.
After Yuan Shikai came to power, the northern warlords, represented by Yuan Shikai, took refuge in imperialism abroad and relied on feudal forces at home, which caused strong dissatisfaction among revolutionaries and the general public. Sun Yat-sen United a large number of patriots to launch a tenacious struggle, and successively launched the Second Revolution, the War to Protect the Country and the War to Protect the Law, but all of them failed and failed to save the country from decline.
During the rule of Beiyang forces, warlords were constantly fighting and the people lived in poverty. The contradiction between imperialism and the Chinese nation, feudalism and the masses of the people in China society has not been resolved, but has intensified in some aspects. How to save the nation from peril and the people's suffering has become the most urgent expectation.
Around this time, there was also a farce of party politics. With the collapse of the feudal monarchy, influenced by the western political system, there has also been an upsurge of parliamentary elections and political party formation in China. In order to get seats in the parliamentary elections and gain more benefits in the distribution of power, various political forces have formed their own political parties, making China once present a situation in which multiple political parties coexist. 19 12 A few years ago, hundreds of political parties, large and small, emerged and fought for power and profit for a while.
Most political parties have complicated ideas and chaotic organizations, and some have different political views and have been reorganized many times; Some foundations are shallow and fleeting; There are also internal oppositions that break up in discord. Even a few political parties that persist are helpless in complex struggles. This kind of party politics, which was lively for a while, soon disappeared.
Since China entered modern times, in order to save the nation from peril and find a way to save the country and the people, various classes and political forces have stepped onto the historical stage. As a result, your singing and going on stage soon became a thing of the past; All kinds of rescue schemes also showed their magical powers, but they all went up in smoke and no cure was found. Where is the way out for China? Many advanced China people are looking for new social forces and the way forward in the dreariness and hesitation. After several failures, people pinned their hopes for national independence and national prosperity on the shoulders of the emerging proletariat and its political parties. This is the background of the birth of China's * * * production party and the basis of historical inevitability.