2. Consultation and reconciliation. Negotiation and reconciliation means that the infringed citizen communicates with the infringer by himself according to law, so as to reach a plan and understanding to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests. Negotiation and reconciliation is a common method for the infringed to remedy their own rights and interests, but negotiation and reconciliation must follow an important principle-legitimacy.
3. Mediation and arbitration. The third party (mediation agency or mediator) will mediate between the two parties to the dispute, convince the two parties to the conflict with certain legal norms and moral norms, and ensure that they reach an agreement to resolve the dispute on the basis of mutual understanding and mutual accommodation. Arbitration refers to the arbitration institution selected by both parties to hear disputes and make a ruling.
4. litigation. Commonly known as litigation, refers to the prosecution of judicial organs to argue. Judicial litigation is the ultimate way for citizens to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests.
5. Judicial proceedings. It refers to the system that college students' personal rights, property rights and other legitimate rights and interests are infringed by schools and teachers, and they request court relief in accordance with legal procedures. This is the ultimate way to relieve the legitimate rights and interests of college students.
(A) the maintenance method of ordinary rights and interests
College students have dual identities. As a national citizen, enjoy the basic rights and interests that citizens should enjoy. Similarly, when their basic rights and interests are illegally infringed, the ways that citizens can take to safeguard their rights are also applicable to college students.
(B) the maintenance of special rights and interests
College students enjoy special rights and interests because of their college status. How to protect the special rights and interests of college students when they are violated, and in what procedures and ways, have become the key issues of education, law and other departments. In China, protecting and relieving students' rights and interests is the proper meaning of education law. Article 42 of the Education Law stipulates: "Educated people enjoy the following rights: ... If they are dissatisfied with the punishment given by the school, they can appeal to the relevant departments, and if the school and teachers infringe on their personal rights, property rights and other legitimate rights and interests, they can appeal or bring a lawsuit according to law." "Higher Education Law" and "Regulations on the Management of Students in Colleges and Universities" also provide corresponding provisions on the ways and procedures of relief.