No right to speak without investigation (1)

If you don't investigate a problem, stop your right to speak on it. Isn't this barbaric? It's not barbaric at all. Since you haven't investigated the actual situation and history of that problem, your speech on that problem must be nonsense. Everyone knows that nonsense can't solve the problem. So, what's unfair about blocking your right to speak? Many comrades all over the world are talking nonsense with their eyes closed. This is a shame for party member. * * Can you produce party member and talk nonsense with your eyes closed?

Don't!

Don't!

Pay attention to the investigation!

Sir! No Sir! That's bullshit！

Second, the investigation is to solve the problem.

Can't you solve that problem? Then, you should investigate the present situation and history of that problem! You have thoroughly investigated and understood, you will have a solution to the problem. All conclusions come from the end of the investigation, not the beginning. Only a fool is he alone, or a bunch of people are invited to "find a way" and "advise" without making an investigation. You know, you can't think of any good ideas or ideas. In other words, he must be in the wrong way and thinking wrong.

Many inspectors, many guerrilla leaders and many new cadres like to announce their political views as soon as they arrive. They see a little surface, a little detail, and say there is no right or wrong. This purely subjective "nonsense" is really the most hateful. He must make a mess of things and lose the masses, and he will never solve the problem.

Many leaders, when encountering problems, just sigh and can't solve them. In anger, he asked for a transfer on the grounds that he was "too weak to do it". This is what cowards say. Take your feet, walk around all the places in your work area, and learn from Confucius's "Everything to Ask" (2). You have almost no talent to solve problems, because your mind was empty when you didn't go out, and it was not empty when you came back. All the necessary materials for solving problems have been packed. This is how the problem is solved. Do we have to go out? Not necessarily. You can call people who know the situation to hold an investigation meeting and find out the "source" and "current situation" of your so-called problem, and your problem will be solved easily.

Investigate such as "pregnancy in October" and solve problems such as "one delivery". Investigation is to solve problems.

3. Oppose bookishness

It is right to think that people who study are right. China farmers, who are backward in culture, still have this mentality. It doesn't mean that the producers of * * * discuss problems, and some people remain silent about "taking books". We say that the superior's instruction is correct, not only because it is the instruction of the "superior", but because its content is suitable for the subjective and objective situation in the struggle and is needed by the struggle. It is very wrong to discuss and check blindly without considering the actual situation. This formalistic attitude is only based on the concept of "superiority". Why does the party's strategic line always fail to penetrate the masses? It is this formalism that causes trouble there. Blindly carrying out the instructions of superiors, seemingly without objection, is not really carrying out the instructions of superiors. Opposing or slowing down the instructions of superiors is the best way.

The bookishness of social science research methods is also the most dangerous, and may even take the road of counter-revolution. There are many * * * producers in China, who are engaged in social science research and make a living by books. Didn't they become counter-revolutionaries in batches? The obvious evidence is that. We say that Marxism is right, not because Marx is a philosopher, but because his theory has been proved to be right in our practice and struggle. Our struggle needs Marxism. We welcome this theory, and there is no formal or even mysterious idea of "sage" in it. Many people who have read Marxist "books" have become revolutionary traitors, and those illiterate workers can often master Marxism well. Marxist "books" should be learned, but they must be combined with the actual situation in China. We need books, but we must correct books that are divorced from the actual situation.

How to correct this bookishness? Just to investigate the actual situation.

If we leave the actual investigation, it will produce idealized class evaluation and idealized work guidance. Then, its result is either opportunism or recklessness.

Don't you believe this conclusion? Facts force you to believe. Is it empty and idealistic for you to try to evaluate the political situation and guide the struggle without actual investigation? Will this empty and idealized political evaluation and work guidance lead to opportunism or blindness? You must make mistakes. It's not that he didn't pay attention to the plan before the action, but that he didn't pay attention to the actual social situation before the plan, which is what the Red Army guerrillas often encounter. Those jy (3) officials in Li Kui were confused when they saw the two brothers committing crimes, so they handled it at will. As a result, the offenders refused to accept it, which caused many disputes and lost the prestige of the leaders. Isn't this common in the Red Army?

Only by washing away idealism and preventing all opportunism and blindness can we accomplish the task of winning over the enemy by the masses. We must try our best to make a practical investigation to wash away our idealism.

The purpose of social and economic investigation is to get a correct class evaluation and then formulate a correct struggle strategy.

Why do you want to do a socio-economic survey? This is our answer. Therefore, as the object of our socio-economic investigation, it is all social strata, not fragments of various social phenomena. Recently, comrades of the Red Fourth Front Army generally pay attention to the investigation work, but many people's investigation methods are wrong. The result of the investigation is like a dog meat account, like a countryman listening to many novels and stories in the street, and like standing on a high mountain top observing the battlements of the people. This kind of investigation is of little use and can't achieve our main purpose. Our main purpose is to understand the political and economic situation of all social strata. What we want to draw from our investigation is the current and historical ups and downs of all classes. For example, when we examine the composition of peasants, we should not only know the number of peasants [5], semi-peasants [6] and tenant peasants, but also know the number of rich peasants, middle peasants and poor peasants, which are distinguished by class. When we examine the composition of businessmen, we should not only know the number of people in grain, clothing and medicine industries, but also examine the number of small businessmen, Chinese businessmen and big businessmen. We should not only investigate the situation of all walks of life, but also investigate the class situation within all walks of life. We should not only examine the relationship between industries, but also examine the relationship between classes. The main method of our investigation is to dissect various social classes. Our ultimate goal is to understand the relationship between classes, get a correct class evaluation, and then determine our correct struggle strategy, which classes are the main force in the revolutionary struggle, which classes are the allies we should strive for and which classes are to be overthrown. Our purpose is entirely here.

What social class should we pay attention to when investigating? The following are:

industrial proletariat

skilled worker

Hire farm workers

poor peasant

urban poor

rascal

handicraftsman

cry one's wares

middle peasant

rich peasant

A landlord/land-owning class

Commercial bourgeoisie

Industrial bourgeoisie

The situation of these classes (some of them) should be paid attention to when we investigate. Only the industrial proletariat and the industrial bourgeoisie are not in our temporary work area, and the rest are often encountered. Our strategy of struggle is the strategy of many classes.

Another major shortcoming of our past surveys was that they were biased towards rural areas and neglected cities, so many comrades were always vague about the strategies of the urban poor and the commercial bourgeoisie. The development of the struggle made us leave the mountains and rush to the flat ground. Once, our bodies had already gone down the mountain, but our thoughts were still there. We should know both the cities and the countryside, otherwise we can't meet the needs of the revolutionary struggle.

The victory of China's revolutionary struggle depends on Comrade China's understanding of China.

The purpose of our struggle is to change from civil rights to socialism. The first step of our task is to win over the majority of the working class, mobilize the peasants and the urban poor, overthrow the landlord class, overthrow imperialism, overthrow the Kuomintang regime and complete the civil rights revolution. With the development of this struggle, the task of socialist revolution will be realized. It is not easy to accomplish these great revolutionary tasks, which depends entirely on the correctness and determination of the struggle strategy of the proletarian party. If the struggle strategy of the proletarian party is wrong or wavering, then the revolution will inevitably lead to temporary failure. It should be noted that bourgeois political parties also discuss struggle strategies there every day. Their problems are how to spread the influence of reformism among the working class, so that the working class can be deceived by them and get rid of the leadership of the production party, how to win over the rich peasants to eliminate the riots of the poor peasants, how to organize hooligans to suppress the revolution and so on. In such an increasingly sharp situation of class struggle, if the proletariat wants to win, it depends entirely on the correctness and determination of the struggle strategy of its political party, the Production Party. * * * The correct and unshakable struggle strategy of the production party can never be produced by a few people sitting in the room, but only by mass struggle, that is, only through practical experience. Therefore, we need to know the social situation from time to time and make actual investigations from time to time. Comrades with empty and optimistic minds in the unchangeable conservative form think that the current struggle strategy is no matter how good it is, and the "book" of the Party's Sixth National Congress (8) guarantees permanent victory. As long as they abide by the established methods, they will never win. These ideas are completely wrong, not the ideological line of * * * party member to create a new situation through struggle, but a completely conservative line. If this conservative line is not fundamentally abandoned, it will cause great losses to the revolution and hurt these comrades themselves. Obviously, some comrades in the Red Army are content with the status quo, empty and optimistic, advocating that the so-called "proletariat is like this". Those who are full of food and support all day long doze off in the office and never put their legs into the masses to investigate. Talking to people is always a cliche, which makes people very tired. We should shout loudly to wake up these comrades:

Change your conservative thinking quickly!

In exchange for * * * producer's progressive struggle thought!

Go and fight!

Make a practical investigation among the masses!

Seven investigation techniques

(1) Hold an investigation meeting for discussion and investigation.

Only in this way can we get close to the right and draw a conclusion. There is no investigation meeting, no discussion and investigation, and only one person tells his own experience, which is easy to make mistakes. Without asking the central question, debating at the meeting and asking questions casually, it is impossible to draw a close to correct conclusion.

(2) Who will be investigated?

If we can understand the social and economic situation in depth. In terms of age, the elderly are the best, because they are experienced and understand not only the present situation, but also the cause and effect. Young people with experience in struggle should also, because they are progressive in thinking and keen in observation. Professionally, workers, farmers, businessmen, intellectuals, and sometimes soldiers and hooligans also want it. Naturally, when investigating a problem, people who have nothing to do with that problem don't have to be present. For example, when investigating business, workers, farmers and all walks of life don't have to be present.

(3) Is it better to hold an investigation meeting with more people or fewer people?

Look at the investigator's command ability. There can be as many as a dozen or twenty people who are good at commanding. The advantage of having more people is that you can get more correct answers when doing statistics (for example, asking how many percent of poor farmers account for the total number of farmers) and making conclusions (for example, asking whether the average score of farmland is better or the difference score is better). There are too many natural people and too many people. People who lack command ability will not be able to make the meeting quiet. Whether there are many people depends on the situation of the case handlers. But it needs at least three people, otherwise it will be limited by what you see and hear, which is not in line with the real situation.

(4) Determine the survey outline.

To prepare an outline in advance, investigators will ask questions according to the outline and speak with one voice. If you are not clear or have questions, raise a debate. The so-called "survey outline" requires both an outline and details. For example, business is an outline, cloth, grain, groceries and medicinal materials are all details, and cloth is divided into foreign cloth, home-made cloth and satin.

(5) Go out in person

Anyone who undertakes the guidance work, from the chairman of the township government to the chairman of the National Central Committee, from the battalion chief to the commander-in-chief, from the branch secretary to the general secretary, must personally engage in the actual investigation of social economy, and cannot rely solely on written reports, because the two are two different things.

(6) Deepening

People who are engaged in the investigation for the first time should do one or two in-depth investigations, that is, know the truth of a place (such as a rural area or a city) or a problem (such as food and money). If you have a deep understanding of a place or a problem, and then investigate other places and other problems later, it is easy to find a way out.

(7) Make your own records.

We should not only be the chairman of the investigation, but also take notes and record the results of the investigation. It is not good to use artificial hands on people.

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Injection and release

[1] 193 1 On April 2, 2008, Mao Zedong supplemented and developed the assertion that "there is no right to speak without investigation" in the Notice of the General Political Department, and put forward that "our slogan is: First, there is no right to speak without investigation. Second, if you don't do the correct investigation, you have no right to speak. "

[2] See "The Analects of Confucius Eight-legged essay". The original text is: "When you enter the ancestral temple, you can ask anything."

[3] Li Kui jy is a hero in Water Margin. He is generous and loyal to the peasant revolutionary cause, but he is reckless.

[4] Mao Zedong has always attached importance to investigation, taking social investigation as the primary task of leadership and the basis for decision-making. At the initiative of Mao Zedong, the investigation of the Fourth Army of the Red Army was carried out gradually. Mao Zedong also made social investigation a work system, and the Political Department of the Red Army made a detailed questionnaire, including the situation of mass struggle, the situation of reactionaries, economic life and the situation of land occupation by various classes in rural areas. Wherever the Red Army goes, it must first find out the local class relations, and then put forward slogans that meet the needs of the masses.

[5] This refers to the middle peasants.

[6] See the note "Analysis of Social Classes in China" in this volume (10).

[7] The hilltop here refers to the Jinggangshan area at the junction of Jiangxi and Hunan, and the flat land refers to the south of Jiangxi and the west of Fujian. 1929 1 month, Mao Zedong and Zhu De, the main forces of the Red Fourth Front Army, set out from Jinggangshan and marched into Gannan and Minxi, opening up two revolutionary bases in Gannan and Minxi.

[8] Refers to the resolutions adopted by the Sixth National Congress of the China Producers' Party held from June to July, 1928. At the beginning of 1929, the former enemy Committee of the Fourth Army of the Red Army compiled these resolutions into a book and issued them to the Red Army and local party organizations.