Qin Guan's Preface to the Collection of Qi Jing

original text

Read when you are young, and you can recite when you see it. It doesn't cost much to hide. However, I am free from this and like to wander from funny drinkers. Between the new moon and the tenth day, there are not many days to roll. Therefore, although it has the power of memory, it is often wasted on laziness. Compared with the past few years, I am very angry and punish myself, and I regret what I did before. However, cleverness and decay are hardly comparable to time. Every time you read something, you will find several endings, cover the book and never wake up. Therefore, although you have the pain of hard work, you often waste it on forgetting. Hey, honey! Losing my career is often the same thing. Comparing the reading of History of the State of Qi, we can see that Sun Kun replied to Xing Ci: "I am good at riding three thousand, which is worth tens of thousands of soldiers." I am good at speaking, because I can use classics, biographies, children and history as literary users, and I have won several articles, which are called good riding collections. Hey! If you are not so diligent, you will be ignorant. Long and forgetful make up for it.

translate

When you read a book when you are young, you can recite it once and write it without making big mistakes. With this skill, I let myself go. I like to associate with people who can talk and drink. A month, reading for a few days. Therefore, even if the memory is strong, it is often wasted on laziness. I have been diligent in recent years and regret what I did before; However, the intelligence has been exhausted, probably not as good as the previous two tenths. Every time I look at something, I think about it several times. I was still at a loss when I closed the book, and then I didn't know. So even if you try hard, you often give up in forgetfulness. Hi! It is often these two situations that damage my studies. Looking at the history of Qi recently, I saw this sentence in Sun Mo's poem: "I rode three thousand cleverness, and I killed tens of thousands of enemies." I agree with this statement in my heart, so I picked out the sentences that can be used to write articles in classics, biographies, philosophers and history, extracted thousands of them, and compiled them into several volumes, named Seven Classics. Ah! When I was a child, I was not diligent and helpless. I am forgetful as an adult. Maybe I can use this to fix it.

To annotate ...

(1) This passage is selected from Qi Jing Collection Preface written by Qin Guan, a graceful poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. Qin Guan, whose real name is Shao You, was born in Gaoyou (present-day Jiangsu) and named Huaihai Jushi. He is one of the "Four Bachelor's Degree Students in Sumen".

2: often.

3 Recitation: Learn by heart.

4 dark sparse: dictation.

5 negative: dependence.

6 self-release: release, indulgence. That is, indulge yourself.

⑦ Funny: witty and eloquent. A dissolute and cynical drunkard.

⑧ October: It was the tenth day in ancient times, generally referring to a long period of time. Ten days, ten days. The new moon, the first day of every month in the lunar calendar, also refers to a month. Pet-name ruby: reading.

Attendance ratio: recently, recently. ? Punishment: punishment: abstinence and vigilance; Yi. That is, learn from the past and warn the future. ? Almost: I'm afraid so. ? Time: past. ? Eleven, two: one tenth. ? Must seek deduction: seek deduction: think. Countdown: many times, many times. Read it through several times. ? Don: Always, just. ? Province: yes, yes, here it means to remember. . ? Forgetfulness: forgetfulness. ? Sun Jian answers Xing: General of Northern Qi Dynasty. ? Elite cavalry: elite cavalry.

2 1 winner: weak soldier.

Classics: Confucian classics, such as The Analects of Confucius, Mencius and Zhouyi.

Biography 23: Character Transfer Works.

Son 24: A hundred schools of thought contend.

25 Le: Editor. Ji Shu: Almost.

short review

In this essay, Qin Guan described that he didn't study hard because of his good memory when he was young, and later he often neglected his studies because of forgetfulness. Tell us to live better, study hard and achieve something, instead of playing all day and neglecting our studies.

Qin Guan is a man

Qin Guan (1049- 1 100), also known as Han Gou lay man, is called Huaihai lay man by scholars. Yangzhou Gaoyou (now Jiangsu) people. A writer and poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. Song Shenzong Yuanfeng was a scholar for eight years (1085). He used to be Dr. imperial academy (lecturer of national university), secretary of provincial orthography and editor of National History Institute. Politically inclined to the old party, when the "new party" was in power, it demoted the state wine tax, moved to Chenzhou, edited Hengzhou, moved to Leizhou and died in Tengzhou. He, together with Huang Tingjian and Chao, is also known as the "Four Bachelor of Su Men", which is quite appreciated by Su Shi. Qin Guan is generous, free and easy, beyond words. He lost his father at the age of fifteen and studied classics, history and art books since childhood. Zongshen Yuanfeng was a scholar in the eighth year (1085), and he became the chief bookkeeper of Dinghai for the first time, and was Professor Cai Zhou. At the beginning of Yuan Youchu (1086), Su Shi recommended him as the secretary of Zheng Sheng and concurrently served as the editor of the National History Museum, previewing Zongshen Record. Shao Shengchu (1094) was a member of Yuan You Party. He served as a general judge in Hangzhou and was exiled to Chuzhou, Chenzhou, Hengzhou and Leizhou. After Hui Zong acceded to the throne, Qin Guan was appointed as Fu Xuandelang, and died in Tengzhou on his way back to the North. In the 11th year of Xining (1078), he wrote Ode to Fu Huang, and Su Shi praised him as "a flexible and talented talent in the Song Dynasty". In the seventh year of Yuanfeng (1084), after Qin Guan compiled ten volumes of Poems and Fu, Su Shi recommended it to Wang Anshi, who called it "the achievement of Bao Xie Qing Xin". Qin Guan's literary achievements are remarkable because he has been repeatedly taught by famous teachers and often learned from fellow travelers. He is gifted and brilliant. At the age of 20, I wrote Fu on Fushan Weir. At the age of 24, he wrote "Riding alone to see Ruff", which was highly respected by the world. His prose is good at argument, and The History of Song Dynasty was rated as "literary and thoughtful". His poems are good at lyricism. Taosun Ao's Poetry Review said: "Qin Shaoyou is like a woman swimming in spring, but she is weak in the end." . He was a famous graceful poet in the late Northern Song Dynasty. His poems mostly describe the feelings of men and women and express the sadness of career frustration. He is skillful in writing, harmonious in melody and beautiful in charm. His ci has always enjoyed a high reputation, but his feelings are euphemistic and his words are gloomy. Some works are very weak. Representative works include Que Qiao Xian (Bo Yun is clever), Wang Hai Chao (Mei Ying Shu) and Man Ting Fang (Mountain Brush). In "The Fairy of the Que Bridge", "If love lasts for a long time, it will be there sooner or later!" A famous sentence called "Turning Decadence into Magic" (see Selected Poems of Starting a prairie fire). In Man Ting Fang, "There is a setting sun outside, there are Western jackdaw numbers in the west, and the water flows around the lonely village" is called "naturally eloquent" (Chao Bu's words are quoted from NengGaizhai Manglu). Zhang Yan's etymology said: "Qin Shaoyou's ci is elegant, energetic, beautiful, full of meaning, chewing without me, and knowing the taste for a long time." . For details of his life, see Volume 4 of History of the Song Dynasty. He is the author of 40 volumes of Huaihai Ji, Huaihai Ci (also known as Huaihai Jushi's Long and Short Sentences), Persuading Good Records and Anti-Travel Ji. He also edited "Yangzhou Poetry" and "Gaoyou Poetry". His Silkworm Book is the earliest extant monograph on sericulture in China. He is also good at calligraphy. Learn from Zhong and Wang in lower case, and be charming, vigorous and lovely. The cursive script has the flavor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He really learned from Yan Zhenqing. In the fourth year of Jianyan (1 130), Qin Guan was posthumously awarded the "Bachelor of Zhilong Tuge" by the Southern Song Dynasty court. Gaoyou Wenyou Terrace, Qin Guanyue Terrace, Qin Youtie Stone Carvings, Yangzhou Yunshan Map, and the "First Scene of Huaidong" Stone Carvings have been preserved to this day.

Qin Guan's marriage

Qin Guan's wife's name is Xu, not the legendary one. This is his own account in an article written for his father-in-law. His father-in-law is a wealthy businessman named Xu in Gaoyou. Because he had some money, he donated a master book and gave birth to three daughters named Xu, Xu and Xu Wenrou. Qin Guan said at the end of the article "Xu Jun Master Book": "Xu Jun's three daughters sighed: children study, and women must marry scholars. Being a beautiful wife is like a cloud. " About his wife, it's just a name, which is not mentioned in Qin Guan's poem. Xu Meiwen is probably not the woman that Qin Guan loves. According to statistics, about a quarter of the more than 400 poems handed down by Qin Guan are "love poems", and most of the protagonists are prostitutes in brothels. Qian Zhongshu said that Qin Guan's poems were "open affair" in "Preface to Selected Poems of Song Dynasty". "Ru Xi Yu Yin Cong Hua" quoted "Yi Yuan orpiment" to tell an affair of Qin Guan. When Qin Guan was in Shaoxing, he was received by the local supreme governor and stayed in Penglai Pavilion, a high-class hotel. One day, I took a fancy to a geisha on the table, so I appointed a man, Fang Ting, beginning with Wei Yun on the Mountain, and then with ecstasy. At this time, the fragrance faded and the ribbon was light. The man won the brothel, but she was lucky to survive. "This word is very popular. Su Shi once called Qin Guan "Wei Yun Qin Xueshi". Jiang Yikui of the Ming Dynasty revealed two other erotic affairs of Qin Guan in Yao Shan Tang Wai Ji. " Qin Shaoyou is in Cai Zhou, a prostitute close to him. ". He wrote a poem "Hidden in the Water Dragon" for his lover, and even took pains to write the name of Lou Dongyu in it. "Building Up to the Sky" and "Farewell to Yu Pei Ding Dong" are riddles. And "heavy doors under flowers, deep alleys beside willows, unbearable to look back." "I am sentimental, but there was a bright moon at that time, and I still took pictures of people." It means the scene of their tryst Qin Guan also has a lover named Tao Xiner. He gave a famous prostitute a song "South Gezi" by Zeng Zeng, and the last sentence "There is a waning moon behind the hook, with three stars" is a charade for Tao Xiner's "heart". Is it a bit "wasteful" to spend all your talents on prostitutes? So that Huang Tingjian couldn't stand it any longer, he wrote a poem to persuade him. One of them was "hard-won, hard-won", which made Qin very unhappy. Traditional poetry appreciation, when analyzing Qin Guan, is always characterized as writing "a geisha's love, and integrating into her own life experience", but this is not suitable for interpreting all Qin Guan's love stories. Take his classic famous sentence "If two love each other for a long time, get along with each other day and night" for example, there is no sense of life experience of being frustrated in official career. On the contrary, if we look at his dissolute emotional experience, we can safely assume that this is just an excuse for Qin Shaoyou to comfort spoony women, or a beautiful excuse to get rid of old relationships.

Scholars' Evaluation of Qin Guan in Past Dynasties

Song Sushi commented on Qin Guan and Liu Yong's couplets: "Shan Mo Wei Yun Qin Xueshi; The willows reflect flowers. " Dongpo of Stone loves his tail (Chen Jiang was lucky enough to bypass Chen Shan, but who did he go to Xiaoxiang for! ), said: "It is enough to walk a few steps less, although ten thousand people can't redeem it." Song Sushi: "You have the talent of Qu and Song." Wang Anshi in Song Dynasty: "His poems are fresh and charming, and they are full of gratitude." Song Liqing according to "On Ci": "Specializing in emotion, but not in reality, such as the beauty of a poor family, although extremely beautiful and rich, but lacking in wealth." There are 300 Song Ci poems: "Euphemism and implication, beauty and elegance." Chen Tingzhuo's Poems of Baiyuzhai: "I seldom read all kinds of poems by Man Fang Ting, most of which are released for future work." "Qin Shaoyou naturally, nearly open beauty, leading the way. The distant ancestors Wen and Wei have changed their words, taking their gods instead of attacking their appearance. But it does not lose its correctness, so that the discussants will not get sick and change, but turn to those who have to change. ""Without travel, people will have a generous life experience and be carefree. " "Other people's words are just words; If you swim less, you will swear. Get it from the inside and don't pass it on. " Zhang Yan's etymology: "Elegant, long-lasting spirit, intended to be beautiful and Chinese, chewing without me, knowing the taste for a long time." Sun Jing's Preface to Zhu Po's Old Man: "Su Dongpo's ci is better than emotion, Liu Yiqing's emotion is better than words, and all emotions win, only Qin Shaoyou." Zhang Lei: "Most of the articles in the world come from the poor, so the next one is the article. I like the poor people's words." Qin Zi's carefree words are almost out of this! "Jin Yuanhao asked about Qin Guan's poems in The Theory of Poetry:" Affectionate peonies contain tears in spring, while weak roses lie in the late branches. When I came out with the stone sentence of retreat, I knew that the canal was a girl's poem. Li's Rain Village: Zhu Ji's first poem is the tallest among the poets in the Song Dynasty. "Liu Xizai's" Art Outline "in the Qing Dynasty:" There is little research on poetry and too much leisure. " (Xiao Yan refers to Yan) In the Qing Dynasty, Zhou Ji quoted the predecessors' comments on Qin Ci in "Miscellaneous Words on Survival Needs", saying: "Doing less is to be approachable, so those who exert themselves are out of reach." Zhou Ji's Selected Poems of Song Sijia: "It is another way to combine the feeling of life experience with lust." "Swimming less is the most harmonious and mellow, without halal and spicy ears. Less travel is implicit, like flowers blooming, so less pens. " Lou Jingsi: "Huaihai Ci has a high style, such as red plum as a flower, which can win with rhyme, but it doesn't smell halal." Feng Xu, a poet in the Qing Dynasty, said: "Its shallow words are all delicious, and its shallow words are all good." "Sikuquanshu Catalogue": "Ci, regardless of rhyme, is better than Su Huang." Commenting on Qin Guan and Zhou Bangyan in the Qing Dynasty, Wang Guowei said: "Although traveling less is rhetoric, there will always be character, and beauty will be beautiful. There must be a difference between a lady and a geisha." Wang Guowei's Poems on Earth in Qing Dynasty: "It's saddest to swim less, and the pavilion is lonely in spring, and the cuckoo becomes sad at sunset." Feng Xu commented on Qin Guan's ci: "Xiao Youzi's ci expresses his life experience, which is elegant and affectionate, and is spent by the wine, and his resentment is not chaotic, which quietly wins the legacy of Xiaoya." After the Lord, there is only one person. "He also said," What others say is just words. Don't swim too much. If you get it inside, you can't pass it on. " -"Hao An Ci" Qin Guan's ci is really a poet's ci. The comments are just right.