Liang Sicheng has made pioneering and immortal contributions in architectural education and urban planning all his life, the most prominent of which is the protection and investigation of ancient architectural cultural relics. During his ten years in China Construction Society, he used modern science and technology, combined with historical documents and interviews with old craftsmen, to survey, map and draw ancient buildings with multiple values in China. He has written monographs such as Examples of Qing Architecture, Architectural History of China and Sculpture History of China, as well as investigation reports and academic papers such as Guanyin Pavilion and Shanmen Examination of Dule Temple in Jixian County, Investigation Report of Zhengding Ancient Buildings and Bukoji Architecture of Wutai Mountain, which have laid a solid foundation for the research and protection of Chinese architecture.
Liang Sicheng has made outstanding contributions to the protection and maintenance of ancient buildings. Before War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, during War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the Liberation War, and after the founding of New China, he tried his best to protect them and made immortal achievements. In order to protect the ancient cultural relics in the enemy-Taiwan area during the Anti-Japanese War and the ancient cultural relics in the areas that were expected to be liberated during the War of Liberation, he led the compilation of the Outline of National Important Architectural Cultural Relics, and marked the architectural cultural relics signs that avoided shelling and bombing during the war on the operational map. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), every effort was made to protect the walls, archways, Beihai and Yuanmingyuan in Beijing. He has also taught many times for the training courses for archaeologists and ancient architects who train professionals organized by the Ministry of Culture. Ming Yin Hui is from Minhou, Fujian. L904 was born in Hangzhou on June 10, and died in Beijing on April 1955. 19 16 entered Beijing Peihua Girls' High School. 1920 traveled around Europe with his father Lin Changmin from April to September, including London, Paris, Geneva, Rome, Frankfurt, Berlin and Brussels. In the same year, she attended St. Mary's Girls' School in London. 192 1 Returned to Peihua Girls' High School. 1923 participated in the activities of crescent society. From 65438 to 0924, he studied in the United States, entered the Academy of Fine Arts of the University of Pennsylvania, and took architectural courses. Graduated from 65438 to 0927 with a bachelor's degree in fine arts. In the same year, he entered the drama school of Yale University and studied stage art design in Professor G.P. Parker's studio. /kloc-0 married Liang Sicheng in Ottawa, Canada in March, 928. After marriage, he went to Europe to inspect architecture and returned to China in August of the same year.
65438-0929, Associate Professor, Department of Architecture, Northeastern University, teaching sculpture history and professional English. That year, Zhang Xueliang presented an award to collect the emblem of Northeastern University, and Lin's design of "White Mountain and Black Water" won the prize. 193 1 year, employed as a participant of China Architecture Society in Beijing.
From 193 1 to 1946, I participated in the investigation of ancient buildings in China, covering Beijing, Hebei, Shanxi, Zhejiang, Henan, Shandong, Shaanxi and other places.
1946, he served as a professor in the Department of Architecture of Tsinghua University, teaching the course "Architectural History of China" and offering special courses such as "Residential Overview" for graduate students. 1949 participated in the design of China people's * * * and national emblem; 195 1 designed ornamentation and relief patterns for the Monument to the People's Heroes in Tiananmen Square; 195 1 investigated the production technology of cloisonne, designed a number of new cloisonne patterns with national style, and personally participated in the test.
1950, member and engineer of Beijing Urban Planning Commission. 1953 was elected as the member of the first Council of China Architectural Society, the editorial board of Architectural Journal and the member of China Architectural Research Association.
The projects involved in the design include geological museum of Peking University and the student dormitory of Grey Building. Yunnan University Student Dormitory and Tsinghua University Teacher Dormitory. Decoration project of Huairentang in Zhongnanhai, etc.
The architectural papers mainly include Several Features of China Architecture, Miscellaneous Notes on Boxer Architecture (co-authored with Liang Sicheng), Introduction to Chapter 1 of Qing-style Building Rules, Overview of Gold-dust Ancient Buildings (signed by Lin and Liang Sicheng), and Discussion on the Architectural Age Identification of Tianning Temple (signed by Lin and Liang Sicheng).
Her literary works mainly include dozens of poems such as Who Loves the Same, Laughter, Qingyuan, One Day, Passion, Daydream and Fantasy. The drama "Mei Zhen and them"; The short story "Embarrassment". Ninety-nine degrees, etc Prose "Out of the Window", "A piece of sunshine" and so on. People's Literature Publishing House published Poems of Lin (1985); People's Literature Publishing House and Hong Kong Sanlian Bookstore jointly edited and published Lin (one of the selected works of modern writers in China).
Lin is a talented woman in China architecture in the 20th century. Liang Sicheng (190 1- 1972) would be a hundred years old if he were alive. Most should be commemorated.
His is not me, but a city-Beijing, but Beijing has disappeared, leaving only a dream. therefore
The death of capital makes people feel sad, but there is nothing they can do. Today's Beijing still remembers this.
Personal?
Beijing is not Liang Sicheng's hometown, but when Beijing disappeared, he was most heartbroken. Did he flow through it?
Tears, I don't know, but I vaguely heard his sigh, Beijing, you really disappeared like this.
Really?
In order to save Beijing and a classic city, Liang Sicheng paid the price of his life.
You can stop talking and keep the old capital away from him; You can also fly away and leave your old capital in your dreams.
But he really can't rest assured. He loves this city too much. History is really heartless, so when will the capital fall?
At that time, I wanted to carry her, but she was a thin scholar with some disabilities. Where did he get the courage?
What about anger? Culture? Art? Or something. He is the son of Liang Qichao and is related to China by blood.
The most precious thing for intellectuals. It is said that in order to save Beijing, Liang Sicheng and Beijing Mayor Peng Zhen
We quarreled, but a scholar, what's the use of quarreling? Beijing has disappeared.
Many years later, 1957, I saw Liang Sicheng talking with some professors in Shenyang.
It's an announcement about Liang Sicheng's guilt. At that time, Liang Sicheng and Hu Yuzhi went to Shenyang together.
It was at the time of "a hundred schools of thought contend" that senior intellectuals in Shenyang dared not speak, and Liang Si became a drum.
Encourage them and talk about his argument with Peng Zhen.
Liang Sicheng said, "I know Peng Zhen very well and have been arguing about the construction of Beijing. I said. "
If you don't adopt it now, fifty years later, the facts will prove me right. Peng Zhen said that if you were the emperor,
Must be a tyrant. Now it seems that some of my views are wrong, but I dare to argue.
One can't have no opinion. "
Liang Sicheng also told reporters: "I have worn this formalism and retro hat."
Now, it seems that my view is not completely wrong. "
Peng Zhen's words are very interesting. He described Liang Sicheng as a tyrant. Maybe Liang Sicheng is too stubborn, no.
Giving up his opinion stimulated him. Peng Zhen's hometown is Houma, which is the most important place for Liang Sicheng.
Where to go. At that time, in order to survey the ancient buildings in China, Liang Sicheng and Lin's footprints were almost
Walking around Shanxi, you can imagine Liang Sicheng measuring the expression of Yingxian wooden pagoda, and they found Wutai Mountain.
Surprise of Kitakyushi. Liang Sicheng would not have thought that the biggest surprise in his life came from Shanxi, and he was the most
The big disappointment also came from Shanxi. Is it accident or fate?
In 1957, like many intellectuals, naive Liang Sicheng also thought that intellectuals' "
The weather is coming in early spring, and he wants to catch his breath in this "spring" because he has been holding it for too long.
During the ideological reform movement, Liang Sicheng wrote a famous article "Who have I served in the past twenty years?
Liang Sicheng also wrote several articles like that in his life, but we can't see any knowledge from them.
Understand the core of molecules. Perhaps there is no lack of sincerity, but if Liang Sicheng of 1952 is sincere, then five
What about Liang Sicheng's seven years? Liang Sicheng said: "For more than 20 years, on the one hand, I went to reactionary rule.
The periphery of the group has become a tool driven by them; On the other hand, I am close to the American Empire.
The "intellectuals" who invaded China were wooed by the enemy and served their aggressive policy. "
At that time, intellectuals said a lot of inexplicable things in order to pass the customs. Liang Sicheng is not here.
People who are prone to self-destruction, but in those days, what better choice can a scholar have?
1955 The criticism of Liang Sicheng's architectural thought did not destroy his inner world. at that time
A basic evaluation of Tsinghua University Architecture Department is: "There are professors in Tsinghua University Architecture Department.
The architectural thought of bourgeois formalism ",its concrete performance is headed by Liang Sicheng."
Some teachers unilaterally emphasize that "architecture is art" or regard architecture as "works of art first,
Then there is the project construction. "In the process of professional teaching, aestheticism runs through.
It is emphasized that the difference between Tsinghua architecture department and other architecture departments lies in educating students to master "art".
It is wrong to think that the level of industrial architecture is low, and learning civil architecture well will be called "lower artistic requirements"
Industrial buildings. Some teachers even think that it is not Tsinghua University who trains industrial architectural design cadres.
The task of Tsinghua University Department of Architecture is to spread retro-ism and formal subjectivity in the teaching process.
The architectural thought of righteousness runs through the whole teaching process: "Qing is not as good as Ming, Ming is not as good as Liao,
Liao is not as good as Tang.
This statement came from Liang Sicheng, and then he began to criticize his architectural thought. At the same time, Beijing opened up.
From the fate of its disappearance, Liang Sicheng was silent, but his heart was not calm. He is interested in this city.
The feelings of this city are too deep. Watching her disappear, he couldn't stop it. He quarreled with Peng Zhen, but
When the scholar met the soldier, Liang Sicheng was near Shanxi, and Shanxi was far away from Liang Sicheng, far away. ...
1952 Liang Sicheng compromised, 1955 he remained silent, but 1957, it was still Liang Sicheng.
Yes, but he will. He said it in Shenyang and he will say it again in Beijing. 195
On March 2nd, seven years, at the 24th meeting of Beijing Municipal People's Committee, Liang Sicheng made a statement on Beijing's
Urban construction has its own opinions.
Liang Sicheng said: "When West Chang 'an Avenue was widened, many houses were demolished, and the street was too wide.
I don't think it's appropriate to leave it in the middle of the road as a parking lot and tear down the house as a parking lot. "
He also said, "West Chang 'an Avenue is too wide, sprinters have to run for eleven seconds, and ordinary people have to take a trip. "
After more than a minute, it was even more difficult for the little grandmother to cross the street. "
On the demolition of qingshou temple in shuangta.
Liang Sicheng said: "In the widening project of West Chang 'an Avenue, the demolition of Qingshou Temple was not detailed enough. At that time,
Controversial, the relevant parties withdrew without careful consideration. I think it should be kept for six months to one year.
The masses say it's not too late to tear it down again. "
On the demolition of dongzhimen tower.
Liang Sicheng said: "I heard that the Dongzhimen Tower will be demolished when the road is being built. I think it should be done well.
Considering that this tower is the only nanmu building left over from the Ming Dynasty in Beijing. In 1934,
When lyna was mayor of Beijing, a Japanese carpenter saw an old nanmu building and wanted to stay.
Subsidize 20 thousand yuan for maintenance. People don't regard these ancient things as antiques, they are
It plays a decorative role in the city. Many cities abroad pay attention to the decoration on the road. seemingly
It's not monotonous. We should pay attention to this problem. Of course, there is no need to spend money to build it. The original building should be.
Make good use of it to serve the city. "
Liang Sicheng spoke his mind, but he didn't keep the Shuangta Qingshou Temple and Dongzhimen Tower. it
The child is still missing, and the Shuangta Qingshou Temple was demolished because Qingshou Temple commemorated the monk sea in the early Ming Dynasty.
Yunhe and his disciples can build it safely. These two men played a great role in the process of Mongolian invasion of China.
Is a traitor; Second, because these two towers were built in the Qing Dynasty, they are of little value. Demolition of Dongzhimen Tower
The destruction is to facilitate the traffic after the completion of the eastern suburb airport. If the tower is not demolished, the road will be rebuilt.
Traveling costs tens of thousands more. All this sounds reasonable, but you can't think it over.
The thinking of Beijing urban construction decision-makers is: everything is based on in the name of people. Liang Sicheng wants to keep the ancient buildings.
Buildings, they say those things are not convenient for people's lives; It is said that Liang Sicheng and He Lin are still needed.
The rickshaw pullers are talking about how these buildings hinder traffic. Said it would cost money to preserve ancient buildings,
It was also strange that the country didn't have so much financial resources at that time. How can the retention cost be higher than the construction cost?
In addition, for the convenience of airport transportation, how many people flew every day in the 1950s? say
Policy makers are short-sighted and uneducated, which seems unreasonable. Liang Sicheng traveled around the world in this way.
Architects think that West Chang 'an Avenue is too wide, and cadres who have just entered the city will think of later development.
Exhibition? Who rode by car every day in the fifties? People, people ... I think of madame roland.
Famous saying: freedom, freedom, how many crimes have you committed in your name? ...
Wrong batch of a person, hundreds of millions more, this is Ma Yinchu.
Wrong batch of one person, less famous city, this is what Liang Sicheng said.