The following are some suggestions for American universities to prepare academic writing: practice brainstorming and write an outline. Familiar with different citation styles and formats. Use online resources.
? Practice brainstorming and writing outlines. Have a good theme and outline from the beginning. Free writing ideas and phrases are called brainstorming, which helps students get started. It is also common for writers to be stingy before writing and/or during brainstorming, which is an important part of a good writing process. Therefore, brainstorming will help. ValerieBalester, assistant dean of undergraduate research at Texas A&M University and executive director of academic success center and university writing center, wrote in an email that for English learners, practice can also improve their writing ability. Janelle. Bolt, coordinator of the Writing Center of Chicory Student Learning Center, said that a good way for future international students to practice writing and brainstorming is to keep a diary every day. Write down your thoughts and feelings so that you can understand them better, or keep a diary so that the author can practice using words, sentence patterns, spelling and grammar. Bolt said that because every author needs readers, students should not be afraid to share their works with others.
Balester says it can also help authors check models, such as analyzing academic articles or papers in their fields. She said that it will help to translate English into students' mother tongue, but it depends on individuals and their English level. Baleste said: "If their English is not very good, then they can try to understand in English, but stop translating when necessary." They shouldn't use one word to translate. "If students know what is reasonable because the software may make mistakes, they can use translation software. He said: "If they are already fluent in English, translation will be an obstacle. The aim is to be fluent enough to avoid translation.
? Understand various quotation styles and formats. The three most common citation methods in academic writing are Modern Language Association or MLA American Psychological Association. And Chicago. In addition, there is the Institute of Electronics and Electronics Engineers (IEEE Institute), which specializes in engineering, computer science and information technology, as well as scientific editorial boards of biology, physics, chemistry and geology, or CSE style. In American academic culture, thoughts and words are regarded as the intellectual property rights of authors. It is considered plagiarism to use other people's ideas and not admit others. Plagiarism is a serious illegal act in the American education system. Students should correctly quote ideas and languages used in papers, articles, web pages, books, videos and other resources.
The choice of citation format and style is usually related to the theme first, and the website or student handbook of the department can specify which style to learn and use. Some professors will specify a style in the syllabus, "Curry, director of writing support services at Warner College of Marianne Rochester University, wrote in an email. Bobrova said: "Students can find these or quoted styles on websites such as PurdueOnlineWritingLab and the official websites of APA and MLA. According to Purdue University, PurdueOWL is a free resource and one of the oldest and most commonly used academic writing websites in the world. As far as citations are concerned, "Chinese students are also facing such challenges", said AlexandraSmith, English lecturer and assistant director of seattle university Writing Center. Smith said that in order to help all students, the writing center in seattle university has prepared resource files, including free courses, which can help students become more familiar with various quotation forms.
? Use online resources. Students need to proofread and check the mistakes in their homework. They can use online free or paid proofreading services, such as Turnitin and Grammarly, to check grammar, copying and spelling. But experts say that international students should not rely entirely on international students. He said: "Not every wrong resource has been found on the Internet, and some applications may misunderstand idioms, spoken or non-English expressions." HarryDenny, director of the writing laboratory at Purdue University in Western Lafayette, said: "We always encourage authors to actively participate in reviewing grammar and mistakes, rather than passively accepting what they say. He said that various strategies should be adopted, such as using applications or network resources carefully, reading your works slowly in a natural voice, and letting peers and students read aloud together.
In order for students to succeed, they must improve their editing skills and abilities. Bobrowava said: "For a long time, the diversity of vocabulary and the choice of vocabulary have been a difficult problem. He said: "They can use online dictionaries and software tools to choose the right words and analyze their writing. He said that these tools include Webster's Dictionary Learning Dictionary, Longman Online English Dictionary, Oxford Learning Dictionary, AWLHighlighter and Glossary Profiler.
Dorothy Mayne, a faculty member of the Writing Center in Madison, Wisconsin, said that international students should be prepared to ask for help as soon as they enter the campus. Generally speaking, seeking help is the key to successful study, especially writing. In American universities, seeking help is more important than English language ability. He suggested that international students plan to discuss their studies with classmates and tutors and "seek help through the school library and writing center".