First, the requirements of practical writing syllabus
The basic requirements of "applied writing" in "College Chinese (public * * * course) examination requirements" promulgated by Shandong Province in 2023;
Can choose the appropriate writing style according to the provided materials or situations, with clear and focused themes, accurate and informative materials, complete and appropriate structure and smooth and reasonable expression.
The main languages include notices, circulars, reports, requests for instructions, letters and statements, notices, certificates, letters of introduction, cover letters, speeches (including welcome speeches, farewell speeches, thank-you speeches, etc.). ), business letters, plans (plans), summaries, investigation reports, etc.
Second, the basic knowledge of practical writing
1, the meaning of practical writing
Practical writing, also known as practical writing, is a direct and one-size-fits-all document used by party and government organs, enterprises and institutions, social organizations and the people in their daily work, study and life. It is a tool for handling public and private affairs, transmitting information, expressing ideas and guiding practice.
2. Characteristics of practical writing
Practical writing has the following main features:
(1) practicality. Practicality is the most fundamental feature of practical writing.
(2) pertinence. Targeting is reflected in two aspects:
First, the writing purpose of practical writing is clear and specific;
Second, all applied articles have a clear reading scope and reading target.
(3) timeliness. The timeliness of practical writing includes three aspects:
One is the times, the other is timeliness, and the third is the limited time for action.
(4) pattern. Most applied styles have a relatively fixed format.
(5) flatness. Simplicity requires the content of practical writing to be concise and to the point.
3. Basic elements of practical writing.
Key points of applied writing
Practical writing materials
Structure of practical writing
The language of practical writing
The expression of practical writing
4, the classification of the title of practical writing
(1) official title.
This title consists of three parts: the author of the article, the main content (reasons and matters) and the genre name. The preposition "about" is often connected between the author and the main content.
(Notice on xx activities of xx Company)
(2) Title of the paper.
Such titles generally include topics and arguments, and are often used in academic papers and some investigation reports.
(xx investigation report /xx feasibility analysis)
(3) news headlines.
The core symbol of news headlines is a part of the headlines, which inevitably involves the main facts.
Briefings, some survey reports and other business documents-generally use news headlines.
(Investigation on the Economic Situation of XX City)
(4) Stylistic title.
With this title as the title, this title is often used in complaints, contracts, notices and some etiquette documents.
(Recruitment notice, house purchase contract)
5. Apply the common beginning in the text.
(1) causal formula. That is to say, it starts with explaining the reasons for writing, which is the most common way to start practical writing. Specifically, there are mainly the following four modes:
① Reason type; In order to improve our enthusiasm for learning Chinese, we decided ...)
② Purpose type; (In order to further strengthen/solve ..., relevant issues are hereby notified as follows:)
③ According to the formula; (When I went to work on the morning of a certain month, a certain year, there was an argument between xx and xx over something, in view of ...)
4 combination type. (Cause+Purpose+Basis)
(2) Reference type. Also known as quotation, it indicates the writing intention by quoting the key contents of the letter (usually the title, submission time, document number, etc.). ).
Reply of xx Municipal Bureau of Landscape Architecture on the issue of cutting down osmanthus trees in xx school
(3) Summary of the situation. Briefly describe the basic situation of the object, so that readers can establish the overall impression.
(4) Conclusion formula. Comment on the problems and facts involved in the article, make an evaluation and put forward the overall point of view.
(5) greetings and congratulations. Social etiquette documents often begin with this to express congratulations or condolences. (Consolation letter, thank-you letter or commendation letter, etc. )
(6) background explanation. Summarize this common opening method and explain the conditions and background of work or activity. (..., start) week
6. Common endings of practical writing
(1) Implementation requirements. This ending form is often used in official documents. Finally, the author puts forward some implementation requirements to his subordinates, such as "Please implement it carefully"
(2) Modal formula. Practical writing often ends with some patterned idioms. Such as notice, announcement, reply, etc., the rhetoric of "Hereby" is often used to emphasize its content.
(3) Prayer and hope. -generally used in the above and parallel prose of official documents to express the willingness to ask for approval, instruction, support and help. For example, the conclusion of the letter is "I look forward to your reply" and "I hope to give strong support", and the conclusion of asking for instructions is "If not, please indicate".
(4) Conclusion and suggestion. Words like "summary" and "in view of this" are often used to draw specific conclusions or suggestions. Investigation report, debriefing report, etc. -generally adopt this ending form.
(5) I hope to call. That is to say, at the end, it sends a call and hope to the recipient, which is often used in notification, meeting minutes, congratulatory letters and so on.
If you have any questions about the college entrance examination, don't know how to summarize the contents of the test center of the college entrance examination, and don't know the local policy of registering for the college entrance examination, click on the bottom to consult official website and get the review materials for free: /xl/