Review questions of military theory
First, the noun explanation:
1, national defense refers to the military and military-related political, diplomatic, economic, cultural and other aspects of construction and struggle to defend national sovereignty and territorial integrity and guard against foreign aggression and subversion.
2. National defense laws and regulations are the sum total of legal norms regulating various social relations in the fields of national defense and army building.
3. National defense mobilizes the state to take emergency measures to change from peacetime to wartime, and uniformly mobilizes manpower, material resources and financial resources to serve the war. Referred to as mobilization, it usually includes armed forces mobilization, national economy mobilization, civil air defense mobilization and political mobilization.
The national defense spirit refers to the national consciousness and psychological quality of the people of a country who care about the future and destiny of the motherland, support the consolidation and strength of national defense, and safeguard the dignity and security of the country.
5. National defense policy is the basic criterion for national defense construction and struggle formulated by the state in a certain period of time.
6. The national defense reserve force refers to the military force that can be directly used in war after mobilization and can be quickly transformed into direct or indirect participation in war. China's national defense reserve forces refer to militia and reserve forces.
7. Active Defense Active defense, also known as "offensive defense" or "decisive defense", is to take active offensive actions and defeat the defense of the attacking enemy. Its purpose is to assist the attack or create conditions for the transition to counterattack and attack.
8. Organized armed conflict between opposing armies, units and units (single aircraft and single ship) is the main means to win the war.
9, patriotic P8
10, national defense consciousness (concept) is the general name of people's ideas and views on the defensive measures taken to safeguard national security and development, and it is an important spiritual factor to safeguard national security and the rise and fall of the nation. The concept that national interests are above everything else, the concept of being prepared for danger in times of peace, and the concept of loving the army and practicing martial arts.
1 1, national heroic spirit P8
12, comprehensive national strength is the most important indicator to measure a country's basic national conditions and basic resources, and it is also a comprehensive indicator to measure a country's economic, political, military and scientific and technological strength.
13, revolutionary heroism P8
14. Firearms refer to barrel shooting weapons with a caliber less than 20mm (defined as "artillery" when it is greater than 20mm), which are mainly used to fire bullets and attack unprotected or weakly protected living targets. They are the main weapons of infantry and the auxiliary weapons of other arms.
15, the sum of a series of battles carried out by the campaign troops in a certain area or direction of the war in a certain period of time according to the tasks entrusted by the strategy and according to a general operational attempt and plan.
16, the military system, also known as the military system, is a system in which a country or political group organizes, manages, maintains, reserves and develops military forces.
17, the basic types of service troops are divided according to the main combat space, tasks and weapons and equipment.
18, internal classification of services and arms.
19, Second Artillery Corps The Second Artillery Corps of the Chinese People's Liberation Army was established in July 1966. It consists of ground-to-ground strategic missile units and conventional tactical missile units. Its main task is to curb the enemy's use of nuclear weapons against China. When the enemy launches a nuclear attack on China, it will carry out limited and effective self-defense counterattack against the enemy independently or jointly with strategic nuclear forces of other services according to the orders of the High Command.
20. Artillery is a kind of barrel-fired weapon that uses gunpowder, air pressure and other energy to shoot projectiles with a caliber equal to or greater than 20 mm (0.78 inch) (65,438+06.7 mm in the United States).
2 1, main battle tank 1960, countries reclassified the original light, medium and heavy tanks. Medium and heavy tanks are also the main force of armored forces in various countries, also known as main battle tanks. The main battle tank is a tracked armored fighting vehicle, equipped with high-power artillery and high off-road maneuverability and armored protection. Generally, the total weight is 40 tons to 60 tons.
22. Deng Xiaoping's army building thought in the new period is a systematic theory put forward by Deng Xiaoping in the new period of China's socialist construction to guide China's army building and national defense building. It is the inheritance and development of Marxist military theory and Mao Zedong's military thought under the new historical conditions, an important part of Deng Xiaoping and Socialism with Chinese characteristics Theory, and the fundamental basis and guiding ideology of our army's construction and military struggle in the new period.
23, information warfare P 148 Information warfare refers to the war that took place in the information age, based on information, and used information weapons and equipment as war tools.
24. War is the highest form of struggle among political groups, nations (tribes) and countries, the highest and most violent means to resolve disputes, and usually the fastest and most effective solution.
25. The people's war is a war to organize and arm the broad masses of the people in order to seek class liberation or resist foreign aggression.
26. Military Thought P49 A highly systematic and rational understanding of the basic issues of war, army and national defense.
27. The law of war is the essential connection and inevitable trend of various contradictions in the process of the emergence and development of war. It is the result of the interaction of military, political, economic, geographical, war nature, international relations and other objective conditions between the two sides of the war. It is reflected in the war practice, dominates the development direction of the war, determines the process and outcome of the war, has an objective nature that is independent of human will, and continues to develop with the development of human society and war practice.
28. The international strategic pattern P90 is the basic structure of the relationship between major countries or regions in the world in a certain period of time. It is the overall framework of the international strategic environment, showing the distribution, combination and contrast of world forces.
29. Hi-Tech P 107
30. Military high-tech refers to the high-tech applied in the military field and occupies a special position in the high-tech field. Specifically, military high technology is based on modern scientific and technological achievements, and is at the forefront of contemporary science and technology, which will greatly promote the development of weapons and equipment, military theory and combat style. ..
3 1, high-tech local war refers to the armed confrontation between the high-tech combat system with modern production technology level and the corresponding combat methods, which is limited in operational purpose, goal, combat effectiveness, space and time.
32. Reconnaissance and monitoring technology The basic technical principle of reconnaissance and monitoring is to detect the physical characteristics of the target by using various media sensors, such as infrared rays, light waves, sound waves, stress (vibration) waves, radio waves, etc., so as to find the target and monitor its actions. Reconnaissance and monitoring technologies include: 1) radio reconnaissance technology; 2) Photographic reconnaissance technology; 3) Radar reconnaissance technology; 4) Sensor reconnaissance technology; 5) Other reconnaissance technologies (such as battlefield eavesdropping and battlefield TV reconnaissance).
33. Electronic countermeasures P 133 Various electronic measures and actions taken by hostile parties to weaken and destroy the use efficiency of the other party's electronic equipment and ensure the effectiveness of their own electronic equipment, also known as electronic warfare.
34. Precision-guided weapons use precision-guided technology, and weapons with a direct hit probability of more than 50% mainly include precision-guided missiles, guided artillery shells and guided mines.
35. Strategy is the general strategy for planning and guiding the overall situation of war, that is, based on the analysis and judgment of the international situation and the political, military, economic, scientific and technological, geographical and other factors of the opposing sides, scientifically predict the occurrence and development of war, formulate strategic principles, strategic principles and strategic plans, plan war preparations, and guide the implementation of war.
36. Deterrence is a military strategy, which means that a big country effectively threatens its opponent with rapid and overwhelming retaliation.
37. Guidance technology P 1 18 is a comprehensive technology to select flight routes according to specific laws, and guide and control weapon systems to attack targets.
38. Space technology P 125 is a comprehensive engineering technology to explore, develop and utilize extraterrestrial space and celestial bodies, also known as space technology.
Stealth technology is to study how to reduce the detectability of the target and make it difficult for the detector to find it.
40. Military Command Automation P 140 refers to the establishment and application of an automation system in the military command system to assist commanders and command organs to achieve scientific and efficient command and control and management activities.
1, what are the national defense laws and regulations promulgated in China?
People's Republic of China (PRC)'s National Defense Law, People's Republic of China (PRC)'s Military Service Law, People's Republic of China (PRC)'s Reserve Officers Law, People's Republic of China (PRC)'s Military Facilities Protection Law, People's Republic of China (PRC)'s Civil Air Defense Law, and the People's Republic of China's Active Service Officers Law, etc.
2. What are the formation and basic tasks of the army, navy, air force and the Second Artillery Corps?
(1) The army is usually composed of infantry, artillery, armored forces, air defense forces, army air defense forces, engineering forces, communications forces, chemical defense forces and other arms and professional service forces. Its basic tasks are: resisting the enemy's military invasion, winning local wars in certain regions and directions, and safeguarding national peace and unity and social stability.
(2) The navy consists of naval forces, surface naval forces, naval aviation, coastal defense forces, marine corps and various professional service forces. Its basic tasks include: cooperating with the army and air force to carry out counterattacks and defend naval bases, ports and important coastal targets; Destroy the enemy's combat ships and transport ships and disrupt the enemy's maritime transport; Attacking enemy naval bases, ports and important targets on shore; Cooperate with the army and air force to carry out landing operations; Implementing maritime blockade and anti-blockade operations; Ensure the safety of maritime transportation, fishery production, resource development, scientific experiments and marine surveys.
(3) The Air Force consists of aviation, ground-to-air missile troops, antiaircraft artillery, airborne troops, radar soldiers, signal soldiers and other specialized arms. Its basic tasks include: national air defense, independent air offensive operations, land, sea and air cooperative operations, airborne operations, air deterrence, air transportation, electronic countermeasures, air reconnaissance, radio technology reconnaissance and radar reconnaissance.
(4) The Second Artillery Corps consists of short-range, medium-range, long-range and intercontinental missile units, as well as various support units, colleges and universities, scientific research and experimental units, etc. Its basic tasks are deterrence and actual combat.
3. What are the basic types of national defense? What type of national defense does China belong to?
(1) extended type; (2) justifiable defense; (3) alliance type; (4) Neutral type.
China's national defense belongs to active defense and self-defense defense.
4. Why is the surrounding environment of China in a good period since the founding of the People's Republic of China?
(1) The threat of large-scale military invasion has been eliminated or weakened;
(2) All countries that have had armed conflicts with China have normalized their relations with China;
(3) Conflicts in hot spots around China have been alleviated to varying degrees;
(4) China's international status and influence have improved significantly.
5. What kinds of precision guidance technology are there? What global positioning systems are there in the world at present?
(1) homing guidance;
(2) Remote control guidance;
(3) inertial guidance;
(4) Terrain matching and scene matching guidance;
(5) GPS guidance;
(6) Composite guidance.
At present, there are two kinds of satellite navigation and positioning systems that have been deployed and applied in the world. One is the second generation satellite radio navigation system GPS deployed by the United States, and the other is the global navigation satellite system GLONASS launched by the former Soviet Union.
6. What are the basic characteristics of high-tech local wars?
(1) The purpose of the war is more strictly restricted by political and economic factors.
(2) The combat mode is gradually developing in the direction of non-contact, nonlinearity and asymmetry.
(3) The information level of war elements is getting higher and higher, and the status of information beyond the operational platform as a strategic resource of modern war is rising day by day.
(4) The direct engagement space of war is gradually shrinking, and the related space of war is constantly expanding, that is, the campaign space of war is shrinking, while the strategic space is expanding.
(5) The pace of war implementation is accelerated, the process is shortened, and the time for war preparation and military confrontation is relatively prolonged.
(6) The levels of strategy, campaign and tactics are increasingly blurred, and the trend of integration of strategic decision-making, strategic command and tactical action is increasingly obvious.
(7) With the integration of war forces, the systematization trend of battlefield confrontation has increased.
High-tech war is also a war with high energy, high consumption and high risk.
7. What are the basic characteristics of national defense?
(1) Duality of national defense objectives;
(2) the comprehensiveness of national defense forces;
(3) Deterrent national defense function;
(4) Diversity of national defense struggle.
8. What are the tasks of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force?
Safeguard national security and social stability, defend important national goals, ensure the safety of people's lives and property, and assist the People's Liberation Army in defensive operations in wartime.
9. What are the characteristics of active defense?
Self-defense, defensiveness and enthusiasm.
10, what are the inspirations of China's national defense history in ancient and modern times?
(1) Economic development is the foundation of a strong national defense;
(2) Political prosperity is the foundation of national defense consolidation;
(3) National unity and national unity are the keys to a strong national defense.
How to win a high-tech local war?
First of all, before the war, the best soldiers and sharp weapons of various services and arms were sent to the war zone, and the integrated operational deployment of land, sea, air, sky and electricity was quickly formed.
Secondly, the comprehensive reconnaissance information network and electronic equipment are used to carry out information warfare and electronic warfare.
Thirdly, use the long-range killing weapons of various services and arms to carry out a comprehensive fire attack from outside the defense circle of the other side.
Finally, after the enemy is weakened or its combat system is paralyzed, the rapid advance of ground mechanized troops is combined with the vertical attack of airborne troops, and an integrated full-depth, high-intensity mobile assault is implemented, thus winning the war.
12, what are the main tasks of China's national defense?
(1) Consolidate national defense and guard against and resist aggression;
(2) Stop splitting and realize the complete reunification of the motherland;
(3) Stop armed subversion and maintain social stability;
(4) Strengthen national defense construction and realize national defense and military modernization;
(5) Maintaining world peace and opposing aggression and expansion.
13, what are the basic characteristics of information warfare?
(1) battlefield space diversification;
(2) the integration of combat forces;
(3) The war process is short-lived;
(4) real-time operation;
(5) diversified combat styles;
(6) Accurate combat effect.
14, what are the functions of national defense education?
(1) National defense education is an important part of safeguarding national security;
(2) Developing national defense education is conducive to enhancing comprehensive national strength;
(3) Receiving national defense education is a sacred obligation and responsibility entrusted to every citizen by law;
(four) to carry out national defense education is an important measure to speed up the modernization of national defense and mobilize troops in wartime;
(5) Carrying out national defense education is a good way to cultivate talents in an all-round way.
15, what are the strategies and tactics of Mao Zedong's military thought?
(1) The purpose of war is to save ourselves and destroy the enemy;
(2) Despise the enemy strategically and attach importance to the enemy tactically;
(3) Advocating active defense and opposing passive defense;
(4) Concentrate superior forces and annihilate the enemy individually;
(5) Make strategic changes in time and flexibly use various business forms;
(6) Don't fight unprepared battles, and don't fight uncertain battles;
(7) Carry out a favorable decisive battle and avoid an unfavorable decisive battle;
8. Strive for the initiative in the war and correctly grasp flexibility and planning.
16, what is the main spirit of the national defense education law?
Enhance the awareness of national defense, hardship and responsibility of the whole people, and improve the consciousness of safeguarding national security and fulfilling national defense obligations.
17, how to understand the relationship between national defense construction and economic construction
To realize the unity of economic construction and national defense construction, national defense construction must obey the overall situation of national economic construction. At the same time, national defense construction is the guarantee of national development, and it is necessary to form a mechanism for mutual promotion and coordinated development of national defense construction and economic construction. The third generation of the central collective leadership of the Party defined the objectives and tasks of our military struggle preparation under the new situation, emphasized the road of building the army by quality, and put forward the strategic tasks of "strictly administering the army", "arming the whole army with Deng Xiaoping Theory" and "strengthening the army through science and technology".
18, what are the three main aspects of high-tech local war?
Conventional weapon systems, support systems and operational management systems backed by strategic nuclear weapons.
19, what is the Armed Forces Department? What is the composition of our armed forces?
The armed forces are various armed organizations owned by a country or a political group.
China's armed forces are composed of the China People's Liberation Army's active forces, the reserve forces, the Chinese People's Armed Police Force and the militia.
20. Composition and establishment sequence of the armed police force
It is composed of internal security forces, gold, forest, water and electricity, and transportation forces. The public security frontier defense, fire fighting, and security forces are also included in the armed police sequence. The Armed Police Force belongs to the compilation sequence of the State Council, under the dual leadership of the State Council and the Central Military Commission, and implements a management system combining unified leadership with hierarchical command.
2 1, what are the basic conditions of strategic deterrence?
(1) should have enough strategic power to influence the overall situation;
(2) Have the determination and will to use strategic deterrence;
(3) Let the other party believe and know the above two points through certain channels.
22. Military high technology can be divided into six new technology groups at present?
(1) information technology-military information technology
(2) New material technology-military new material technology
(3) New energy technology-military new energy technology
(4) Biotechnology-military biotechnology
(5) Marine development technology-military marine development technology.
(6) Space technology-military space technology
23. What is the position and function of military thought?
(1) to provide basic viewpoints for understanding military issues;
(2) Providing ideological methods for military prediction;
(3) To provide general guidance for engaging in various military practice activities.
24. What are the thirteen articles in Sun Tzu's Art of War?
Planning first, fighting second, planning attack third, military form fourth, military potential fifth, reality sixth, military struggle seventh, nine changes eighth, marching ninth, terrain tenth, nine places eleventh, firepower attack twelfth, and use thirteenth.
25. From the perspective of application, what technologies does military high technology include?
(1) Modern reconnaissance and surveillance technology;
(2) Military space technology;
(3) Precision guidance technology;
(4) Electronic warfare technology;
(5) Military laser technology;
(6) Camouflage and stealth technology;
(7) night vision technology;
(8) Automated command technology;
(9) Nuclear, biological and chemical technologies.
26. What are the new concept weapons? What are the new concept weapons at present and under exploration?
New concept weapon refers to a weapon system that is completely different from traditional weapons in working principle, structure, function and destruction mechanism. At present, the new concept weapons being explored mainly include: (1) laser weapons; (2) Microwave weapons; (3) kinetic energy weapons; (4) Non-lethal weapons.
Third, the composition topic:
1, on the characteristics of the current international strategic pattern.
The dominant position in the international strategic pattern is the relationship between major powers; At present, the international strategic pattern is generally peaceful and partially turbulent; Hegemonism and power politics have new manifestations; The influence of economic factors on the international strategic pattern has increased; The importance of national defense construction is once again highlighted; International arms control and disarmament have stagnated; The role of international organizations or regions with the United Nations as the core is increasingly prominent; Traditional and non-traditional security threats are intertwined, and the harm of terrorism is on the rise.
2. Explain how China responds to today's complicated international strategic environment and pattern.
First, adhering to the principle of independence, adapting to the new situation and better safeguarding national interests, sovereignty and security are the fundamental starting points of our international strategy in the new century.
Second, safeguarding world peace, promoting common development and promoting the establishment of a new international economic, political and civilized order are the basic propositions of our international strategy in the new century.
Third, actively developing friendly relations with other countries in the world, especially improving and developing relations between major powers, and establishing a balanced and stable world strategic pattern are the basic layout of China's international strategy in the new century.
Fourth, opening to the outside world in all directions, seeking advantages and avoiding disadvantages, actively participating in the process of economic and technological globalization, and expanding the space for economic development should be the focus of international strategy in the new century.
3. How to strengthen China's national defense construction and implement leapfrog development?
2/kloc-0 The first 20 years of the century is an important period of strategic opportunities that China must firmly grasp and make great achievements, and it is also a crucial period for our army to speed up modernization. The task of our army's mechanization construction has not been completed, and the information construction has just started. If we follow the footsteps of others step by step, we will miss the opportunity after completing the task of mechanized construction and widen the gap with the armies of developed countries in the world. Only by taking the leap-forward development road, persisting in doing something different and boldly leaping over certain stages and links can we keep up with the trend of world military reform, embark on a road of elite soldiers with China characteristics, complete the dual historical tasks of informationization and mechanization, and shoulder the mission of winning local wars under high-tech conditions in the future.
(1) To realize the great-leap-forward development of our army's modernization, we should take the spirit of the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and Theory of Three Represents as the guidance, and make great efforts to promote innovation in military theory, science and technology, mechanism and policy system. The key to realize leap-forward development is to seek development and breakthrough through reform and innovation.
(2) To realize the leap-forward development of our army's modernization, we must unswervingly implement the strategy of strengthening the army through science and technology and improve the combat effectiveness of the army by relying on scientific and technological progress. Strengthening the army through science and technology is the fundamental way to promote the leap-forward development of our army. To adapt to the trend of world military reform, we should strengthen the army through science and technology in education and training, operational command and logistics equipment construction, and comprehensively improve the scientific and technological content of army building. We should take high technology as the support and speed up the information construction. Continuously improve our army's information-based combat capability. At the same time, with informatization as the traction, the level of mechanized construction is improved and the process of mechanized construction is shortened. We must adhere to self-reliance and independent innovation and accelerate the pace of weapons and equipment construction.
(3) To realize the leap-forward development of our army's modernization, we must vigorously cultivate and bring up a large number of high-quality new military talents. Talent is the foundation of winning and developing the army. Take practical measures to cultivate a large number of high-quality compound command talents, think tank staff talents and expert scientific and technological talents. Give priority to the development of higher education, give full play to the role of colleges and universities as the main channel for cultivating talents, constantly improve the policy system, and further solve the problems of attracting, retaining and making good use of talents.
4. How to accelerate the military transformation with China characteristics?
(1) Pay attention to naval construction;
(2) Strengthen the development of the air force;
(3) Pay attention to the development of military quality rather than quantity;
(4) improve the quality of the army, especially the quality of officers.
5. How to win the high-tech local war in the information age?
(A) to establish confidence in the superiority of the inferior under high-tech conditions.
(1) objectively analyze the advantages and limitations of high-tech weapons and equipment.
(2) fully understand and give play to their own advantages.
(2) Strengthen the study of high-tech war theory.
(1) Strengthen the theoretical research of people's war under high-tech conditions.
(2) Strengthen the pertinence of theoretical research.
(3) Strive to strengthen the modernization of our army.
(1) Accelerate the development of high-tech weapons and equipment
(2) Strengthen education and training, and comprehensively improve the quality of our army.
6. China should cope with the complex surrounding security environment.
As long as China adheres to the policy of "being a good neighbor" and "being a partner" and actively and steadily handles its relations with neighboring countries, China's development will be built in a peaceful surrounding environment. Therefore, China should not only pay great attention to inheriting and carrying forward many good traditions of the good-neighborly policy, but also understand the complex mentality of neighboring countries towards China's growing comprehensive national strength. Similarly, neighboring countries also need to seek to establish an international environment conducive to their own economic development, which is what China and neighboring countries hope.