1, junior college
College refers to junior college, and English major refers to higher vocational education, which is an integral part of higher education and one of the levels of university education.
In China, professional education is undertaken by higher vocational colleges and junior colleges, and some undergraduate colleges offer professional courses at the same time. College diploma level does not issue a degree certificate, but an ordinary college diploma.
College education is mainly divided into full-time colleges and part-time colleges. Full-time college students are usually admitted by national colleges and universities through the national unified examination.
Part-time colleges are mainly divided into adult higher education and other types, and there is no fixed length of study. Students can study in relevant educational institutions or study by themselves.
2. Big Ben
Universities are undergraduates, and English undergraduate colleges refer to the basic components of higher education, which are generally carried out by universities or colleges, and few higher vocational colleges carry out applied undergraduate education.
Undergraduate education is more important than general education of theoretical majors, and applied undergraduate education is more important than applied professional education and practical skills education. Students can generally get undergraduate diploma and bachelor's degree certificate after normal graduation.
3. Graduate students
Postgraduate is a kind of qualification certification of higher education, which is generally carried out by ordinary colleges and universities with master's and doctoral degrees and scientific research institutions with postgraduate training qualifications. Graduate students are the highest education. You can also be called a graduate student after graduation, which means someone with a graduate degree.
4. Doctoral students
Doctoral students are full-name doctoral students, and English doctoral degree (postgraduate), that is, doctoral students, is the highest level of postgraduate education.
In people's daily life, they are admitted to doctors, read doctors and so on. Refers to a doctoral student. Strictly speaking, students who have not obtained a doctorate can only be called doctoral students;
Only those who get a doctorate are real doctors. Therefore, according to international practice, in formal occasions, only those who have obtained a doctorate can be crowned with the title of "doctor"; This restriction can be waived in informal situations.
5, postdoctoral
A postdoctoral fellow refers to a person who engages in academic research in an institution of higher learning or research after obtaining a doctorate, usually in a postdoctoral mobile station or postdoctoral research center. It should be noted that postdoctoral fellows are not degrees, but work experience.
In China, getting a doctorate is a necessary condition for becoming a postdoctoral fellow, but there are also some researchers abroad who do not have a doctorate, but they are postdoctoral fellows, so postdoctoral fellows have scientific research experience.
The post-doctoral term is generally not long, which is considered as a transitional arrangement for scientific research. The national postdoctoral fund supports postdoctoral students for two years. Foreign universities generally have no unified arrangement for postdoctoral students, and the source of funds and the length of time are relatively flexible.
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