Two years later, that is,19311February, Lu Xun published "Difficult despite difficulties", saying that he was "locked up" because he was not called Chairman Jiang.
Liu Wendian's Tsinghua colleague Feng Youlan mentioned in a letter 1963: "When Mr. Liu was the president of Anhui University, Chiang Kai-shek went to Anqing to discuss something with Mr. Liu. Jiang said angrily, "Are you revolutionary?" Mr. Liu also said angrily,' When I was in revolution with Mr. Zhongshan, you didn't know where you were! Jiang imprisoned Mr. Liu. ..... This Mr. Liu sued me personally. (Quoted from Zhang's Chronicle, Anhui University Press, 20 1 Edition, p. 423).
Later, famous scholars Jin Kemu and Zhang Zhongxing mentioned this matter. In Liu Jiaoshou's Collected Works, Mr. King said that Chiang Kai-shek was refused to "give lectures" at school and refused to "greet the students like an instrument". At that time, Liu Wendian famously said that "a university is not a yamen". In the article Liu Shuya, Mr. Zhang said that Liu Wendian pointed to Chiang Kai-shek and said, "You are a new warlord! Jiang is furious and wants to cut it. "
Most of the above-mentioned teachers taught in universities during the Republic of China, which shows that the contradiction between Liu Wendian and Chiang Kai-shek has been widely circulated in the academic circles at that time. However, the spreading trend of this legend is obviously gradual, from "detention", "confinement" to "shooting". Later, the content became richer, but it was further away from the historical truth.
In recent ten years, some people have pushed the time of this incident to the September 18th Incident of 193 1, and the student movement was to resist Japan. Therefore, Liu is not only a man of character who fights against powerful people, but also a hero who defends national dignity, while Jiang Dun has become a "national sinner". Some people also treated the whole process in a literary way, and the plot became the result that Jiang not only slapped Liu twice in the face, but also kicked Liu's ass. Not to be outdone, Liu Ye flew back, allegedly aiming at Jiang's lower abdomen.
In fact, judging from the existing historical data, when Liu Wendian refuted Chiang Kai-shek, he did not use force personally, nor did he dramatize the legend. Its richness is mainly internal rather than superficial.
1928165438+1On the evening of October 23rd, students from Anhui University clashed with Anhui No.1 Girls' Middle School next door. It is said that the girls' middle school held a celebration party that night, and the students of Anhui University all went to watch the news. Because most students didn't have an invitation letter and didn't want to be rejected, they forced their way into the meeting. The girls' middle school turned off the switch and ended the party. This move aroused the dissatisfaction of Anhui University students, and began to smash doors and windows, and injured teachers and students in girls' middle schools. After the police arrived, the incident was solved. After several days of negotiations, on behalf of Anhui University, she expressed her willingness to apologize and compensate for the losses, but she did not agree to immediately expel the students who caused the accident, which triggered an incident in which female middle school students petitioned the Anhui provincial government (then in Anqing), just when Jiang inspected Anqing.
Jiang decided to convene a meeting with the headmistress of the girls' middle school to discuss this matter. The following story is slightly different from the stories reported by newspapers and magazines at that time and the articles recalled later, but there is one thing in common. Neither of them mentioned the slap in the face.
According to "Inside Story of Student Movement in Anhui Province" published in Volume 2 1, it is the most detailed record. After the meeting, Jiang asked Liu to deal with the students of Anhui University, but Liu said that the matter was complicated and there might be "shady" inside, and refused to deal with it simply. Now it seems that Liu Wendian's "shady" may have both political factors. For example, among the students in the two schools, there are nationalists and party member, who are instigators behind the scenes; There are also problems in Anhui education. For example, Han An, then director of education, obstructed Anhui University in many ways, causing dissatisfaction. It is said that Chiang Kai-shek only intended to punish a few students who caused the accident, led by Anhui University, while Han An fired more than 30 student representatives from Anqing schools, causing public outrage. The Declaration on the Establishment of the Student Nursing Corps of Anhui University also talks about another reason: Liu Wendian's "scholar attitude, revolutionary spirit, doing everything, refusing to recognize others, so he made many enemies and was humiliated by this" (see Ms. Jiang Wei: The Origin of the agitation in Anhui University, with Journal of the Republic of China No.23, volume 12).
After Cheng Mian said that he had no opinion, Jiang asked Liu Neng that he couldn't handle the students well, but Liu still refused, and he was "rude". As for the contradiction, Pedagogy Journal is silent, and the two existing memories have different versions. An article said that Jiang scolded Liu: "Look at you like this, you are simply a local tyrant and evil gentry!" Liu responded: "Look at you, you are simply a new warlord!" ("Shi Huilu: reprimanding Chiang Kai-shek") Another article describes it like this: Jiang said: "Teaching is lax, teachers are lazy, and students destroy girls' schools at night and disrupt the order of the Northern Expedition. If you are not dismissed, you will be sorry for the Prime Minister. Liu replied, "Speaking of the Prime Minister, we didn't know your name at all when we rebelled in Tokyo. Although young students are in their prime, it does not mean that they are rational and mature. At the age of 30, they can't stand it. Don’t make a mountain out of a molehill. If I am a scholar, you must be a new warlord! " (See Tang Mingke: The Contradiction between Liu Wendian and Chiang Kai-shek in Anqing).
They all mentioned that Chiang Kai-shek claimed to be "shot", but said that Liu "put his feet on the ground and said,' Don't you dare! "Why did you shoot me?" Tang recounted the memory of Yao Yongpu, a Confucian scholar who was present at the time: Liu was "as cool as a cucumber" and let the guards kidnap him.
However, from the place where Chiang Kai-shek instructed Liu Wendian to be held-the "Houle Xuan" in the provincial capital, and the handling of it by Zhang Yawei, a fellow villager of Liu Wendian and a member of the Anhui Party Department of the Kuomintang, we can also see that Chiang Kai-shek was also lenient. The word "shot" is either an angry remark at the moment or an exaggeration of later generations. But in any case, it is true that Liu Wendian refuted Chiang Kai-shek. People's reasonable association later showed their recognition and longing for Liu Wendian's famous saying that "a university is not a yamen", which also reflected a little spirit of the professors of that era.
The first draft of "The Great Incident of Jiang Gong" published by Chatai Province 1978 and edited by Qin Xiaoyi, there is no record of 1928 "Student Movement in Anhui Province" and summoning Liu Wendian. Probably in the editor's opinion, this matter is not "big" enough, so there is no need to remember it.
After Liu Wendian left ANDA, he visited his teacher Zhang Taiyan (Bing Lin) at the beginning of next year and told the whole story of ANDA incident. After listening to this, Zhang Taiyan appreciated Liu Wendian's integrity very much, so he wrote a pair of couplets and gave them to him when he was ill: "It's really fair to be healthy." Now people like to talk about "the model of the Republic of China", especially the "character" of intellectuals in the Republic of China; Among many "characters", I especially like to tell the story of "Liu Wendian and Chiang Kai-shek scold each other". In general, as a scholar wrote:
"1927, Liu Wendian became the president of Anhui university. On one occasion, Chiang Kai-shek happened to be in Anqing, so he summoned Liu Wendian and ordered him to hand over the list of * * * manufacturers in party member and severely punish the perpetrators. Liu Wendian retorted to his face that he didn't know who the producer was. And refused to punish students on the grounds that the situation was complicated. Jiang scolded an old feudal scholar, while Liu Ye was a clown. He called Jiang the new warlord to his face. Jiang flew into a rage, told the guards to arrest him and threatened to shoot him. This incident was very shocking in the education circle at that time. Anqing University and middle school students also held demonstrations, and Cai Yuanpei urged him to be released. "
In fact, there is no need for people today to recall the pain in Myanmar. On the day of the incident, Liu Wendian was already famous for it. For example, Lu Xun satirized the authorities, taking Liu Wendian's "refusal to call Chiang Kai-shek' chairman' and detention for many days" as an example; Hu Shi also wrote that Liu Wendian was detained "because of his contradictory words", and his family and friends "can only plead, not sue (Chiang Kai-shek)". This is the rule of man, not the rule of law "; Even more, Zhang Taiyan wrote couplets in spite of illness, praising Liu's behavior, comparable to You Zhengping who would rather die than surrender to Cao Cao during the Three Kingdoms period.