The headquarters of the University of Toulouse I is located in the center of Toulouse, with several campuses, one of which was converted from the former site of a cigarette factory and located on the bank of the Brehon Canal just a few hundred meters away from the headquarters.

Toulouse, located in the southwest of France, is the capital of Upper Garonne in the Southern Pyrenees and the fourth largest city in France. Airbus is headquartered in the suburb of Toulouse, which has become the representative of the city's modern industrial strength. Toulouse has a total population of 600,000, of which 16% are students, making it the second largest university town in France after Paris. There are three public universities in this city.

Toulouse has a Mediterranean climate, with hot and dry summers and mild and rainy winters. The average annual sunshine is 2027 hours and the rainfall is 650 mm/year.