The college entrance examination is coming, and the College Entrance Examination Station of Sina Examination Channel has launched an activity to welcome the exam week easily, inviting experts in psychology and health physiology, as well as the champion of the college entrance examination, to be a guest at Sina to answer questions for candidates. On May 30th, Ruan, Director of Endocrine Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Beijing Maternity Hospital and Director of Maternal and Child Health Research Office, was invited to be a guest on Sina to answer the physiological questions that girls should pay attention to before the college entrance examination. The following is a transcript of the interview.
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Moderator: Hello, Sina netizens. Welcome to pay attention to the "Easy College Entrance Examination Week" launched by our Sina College Entrance Examination Station. Today, our guest is Ms. Ruan, Director of Endocrinology Clinic and Director of Maternal and Child Health Clinic of Beijing Maternity Hospital. First of all, please ask Dr. Ruan to say hello to the candidates.
Dr. Ruan Xiangyan: Hello, friends and classmates! I am very honored and grateful for the invitation of Sina Examination Channel. Today, I am here to discuss with you the physiological problems of college entrance examination girls.
Moderator: I have seen many online parents ask some questions, including what physical preparations boys should make before the exam. If we have time, we can also communicate with you on these issues. Now let's answer the questions that everyone is more concerned about. Many parents have asked about the physiological cycle of girls. They really want to know how to adjust the physiological cycle when they meet the college entrance examination, so as not to affect the college entrance examination.
Dr Ruan Xiangyan: This question is also a very representative one. In recent years, regardless of the college entrance examination or the senior high school entrance examination, I have received many calls from parents every year asking how to postpone menstruation or come to menstruation in advance so as not to miss the examination period. Today, I also found many questions about how to avoid menstrual period.
Some girls' menstruation really has a great influence on her physical condition, including her mental state. Some have little impact. How to deal with this problem? I want to look at it from several aspects.
First, let's talk about menstruation. Menstruation is an ovarian cycle. Under the stimulation of estrogen, the endometrium thickens, and under the action of progesterone, the endometrium changes during secretion. If you fail to conceive, the level of estrogen and progesterone will drop significantly, causing periodic shedding and bleeding of endometrium to form menstruation. Why do you have your period? Because the endometrium thickens first under the stimulation of estrogen, and progesterone is produced during ovulation, that is, in the second half of menstruation, progesterone changes the endometrium in the secretory phase, which is conducive to the implantation of pregnant eggs and preparation for pregnancy. Of course, today's topic does not involve this topic. If you are not pregnant, generally around 14 days after ovulation, estrogen and progesterone are significantly reduced, the thickness of the endometrium can not be maintained, and the endometrium will shed and bleed, which is menstruation.
The problem now is that menstruation is coming. How to maintain menstruation, that is, delay menstruation? Only by continuing to use estrogen and progesterone to keep the endometrium at this thickness and prevent it from changing and shedding can menstruation be maintained. When does it start? How? When should I take the medicine? Because for girls, estrogen and progesterone are produced every month, the reason why they come to menstruation is because estrogen and progesterone are significantly reduced. Generally, one week or five to seven days before menstruation, short-acting contraceptives can be used, one tablet a day, and a new generation of contraceptives should be used. At present, the content of estrogen in contraceptives is relatively low, and the side effects are relatively low, so the effect of maintaining menstruation is better, and the side effects are minimal if menstruation cannot be maintained. This should be the most effective measure to delay menstruation at present.
Moderator: I see that some parents are also asking, will progesterone injection delay the arrival of menstruation?
Ruan: If progesterone is injected, progesterone itself is a progestogen. If you want to maintain endometrium, you need estrogen. Contraceptive pills contain estrogen and progesterone. Progesterone is best used when you want to menstruate early. Generally, progesterone is used for three days, and you will have your period three to seven days after stopping the drug. So if you want to take progesterone, you should start taking it at least 10 days before the college entrance examination. Today is the 30th, and it's not that long before the college entrance examination. This method is not recommended. If the child has not menstruated yet, the most effective method that may be used this time is to postpone menstruation. Of course, one way to delay menstruation is to take birth control pills, and everyone has a reaction to drugs. Some people may give her a large dose of a pill, and after taking it, she will have a slight headache, nausea and even drowsiness. Some people may have menstruation after taking one tablet, but not too much. But for most people, one tablet should be enough.
Moderator: One tablet a day?
Dr. Ruan Xiangyan: One tablet a day. If you want to maintain it for a few days, you can stop taking medicine after the college entrance examination. If you start eating today, you will really eat for about 7 days. Generally speaking, taking it for such a short time has no obvious side effects.
Moderator: Some netizens asked, for example, will eating some cold food advance the physiological cycle?
Dr. Ruan Xiangyan: If you always like to eat raw and cold food, you should have no problem eating it this way. Sometimes it is ok to cause menstrual disorder during the exam, because the spirit is highly nervous at this time. Because menstruation is controlled by hypothalamus, pituitary and ovary, it is also controlled by brain. If you are nervous and anxious, you can disrupt the cycle balance, and menstrual disorder will occur. You don't have to come when it's time, or you don't have to come when it's time. For whatever reason, if I say that I haven't had my period today, if I have a heavy menstrual reaction, I think some students say that my stomach hurts badly during my period, which has seriously affected her study and even her exams. In this case, I suggest taking medicine. It's too late today. I can start tomorrow and take one tablet a day. The degree of delaying menstruation should be above 90%.
Moderator: It is not recommended that everyone take this medicine.
Dr. Ruan Xiangyan: If her reaction is mild, there is no need to eat it, because after you eat it, some people will have side effects, or maybe you don't. Probably less than 65,438+00% people will have more or less side effects, which may be on your head or affect you a little. During the college entrance examination, we hope it will not affect you at all.
Moderator: In other words, this method is better for students who usually have a big physiological reaction. Does the teacher have any good suggestions for choosing contraceptives?
Ruan: When choosing contraceptives, there are different kinds of contraceptives, such as short-acting, long-acting and emergency contraceptives. The older birth control pills are 1 and No.2. The older birth control pills have large side effects and high hormone content. I don't recommend using them. I suggest using a new generation of contraceptives with relatively low estrogen content and less side effects. Because some drugs are over-the-counter drugs, you can buy them at pharmacies. Of course, there are also some that need to be opened in hospitals, such as Mindcouple, Mafuron, Diane-35, and a new contraceptive called Tejule. These are relatively new birth control pills, and the side effects should be less.
Moderator: Just now, we talked so much. Many candidates are concerned. She can't calculate the physiological cycle herself. I wonder if she will have a holiday in those days. I want to ask you how to calculate the physiological cycle.
Dr Ruan Xiangyan: Let's see when the last period came. Under normal circumstances, the menstrual cycle should be 28 to 30 days, which is normal. It is difficult for us to estimate whether it is abnormal. If last month's menstruation came on April 1, it usually takes 28 to 30 days, so we can push it back. At least it was recorded last month. It's best to remember to have your period every 30 days. When was the last time you were here? Push it back for 30 days, and that's it. I saw some problems on the internet. Some children have an abnormal cycle and come once every two or three months. For whatever reason, they don't have menstruation now. If they have a heavy menstrual reaction, they can take a few tablets.
Moderator: Just now we talked about delaying menstruation. Many netizens will have a great reaction if they have their holidays during the exam. What measures should they be advised to take?
Dr. Ruan Xiangyan: If the examination period comes, taking birth control pills can still be effective. First, it can significantly reduce menstrual flow, even if you don't eat the first tablet, you will stop eating the second and third tablets, at least it can be significantly reduced. If there is dysmenorrhea, it also has a certain therapeutic effect on dysmenorrhea. However, if the child has a severe stomachache during menstruation, I suggest that she take two tablets of dysmenorrhea medicine for the time being, such as Kefulan, and the effect is still good.
Moderator: For example, what emergency measures should they take to adjust their status slightly in the examination room?
Dr Ruan Xiangyan: Actually, menstruation is a psychological phenomenon, so don't be too nervous. For example, some athletes need to participate in international competitions because they have official holidays, and they cannot not participate just because they have official holidays. Therefore, we should regard it as a very normal physiological phenomenon without being too nervous and nervous. It is true that for a few people, menstrual dysmenorrhea is really serious. If this happens, deal with it in advance and take medicine in advance, just in case.
Moderator: In fact, this is also the reason why you should decompress yourself. Don't take the exam too seriously.
A parent is very concerned about a girl's menstruation. She is worried that her child will be so nervous that she wants to vomit or have diarrhea. What kind of health care products or drugs should she take before the exam to avoid this situation?
Ruan: This problem is actually a psychological problem. The best way to keep fit is to relax. Don't take the exam so seriously. You don't have to take Tsinghua Peking University. Don't aim too high, but relax. I don't think it's much good to take any medicine, because I don't know if you are used to it after the exam. If you don't adapt, the effect may be worse. She was originally weak. I think it's best to adjust her diet and have a good sleep. One is to relax. In fact, it is not possible to do questions that you don't know in the usual exam when it comes to the exam. Examination is to write out what you usually know, which is the greatest success. With this mentality of ordinary people, I think that is the most successful exam. As long as you're not nervous, you won't pull or throw up. Then there is diet. Pay attention to eating some fruits and vegetables. You can drink a glass of milk one or two hours before going to bed. If she is not allergic to milk, drinking some yogurt or drinking some low-fat fresh milk may also help her sleep.
Moderator: Speaking of sleep, many candidates may suffer from insomnia before the exam, especially on the 7th, 8th and 9th. How to avoid this situation?
Dr Ruan Xiangyan: Insomnia is a problem of mental stress. In fact, it's best not to treat exams as enemies, but to write down what you usually know. Have a good sleep and keep a clear head. What I read these days, the exam may be of no use at all. The key is to have a good sleep and keep a clear head. If you can go out for a walk before the exam and after dinner to relax yourself, you can also listen to some relaxing music to promote sleep. You can drink a little milk before going to bed and also promote sleep. I don't recommend sleeping pills, which may affect his exam results. If you are still in a daze the next day.
Moderator: In addition to the problems mentioned just now, the teacher also has menstrual problems for women, as well as sleep and diet problems. Are there any other physiological problems to be supplemented in the adjustment of candidates before the college entrance examination?
Dr Ruan Xiangyan: People are a whole. Whether it is menstrual disorder or poor sleep, or nervousness, vomiting and diarrhea during exams, the most important thing is to relax, adjust diet, be nutritious and eat more fruits, vegetables, bean products and fish. At this time, you should pay attention to activities and exercise. As usual, don't disturb your usual life rules. Grasping these well can make good achievements, and writing what you usually know is the greatest success.
Moderator: We have just listened to the opinions of so many experts. Let's take a look at a question raised by an online netizen.
Netizen: Listen to you about progesterone. My daughter took progesterone for three days on the 23rd of this month and hasn't menstruated yet. Will she come on June 7th, 8th and 9th?
Ruan: It is said that I came on the 23rd for three days, until the 25th. Today is the 30th. I usually stop taking medicine for a week or so to get my period. If you follow the routine, you should generally menstruate before the exam, stop taking the medicine on the 25th, and then add another week. Generally, my period will come in a week or so, and I almost catch up with the college entrance examination.
Netizen: My daughter's menstrual cycle is not normal, and she is very worried about her menstruation and stomachache during the exam. What to do in this case, because there is no way to calculate the exact period.
Dr. Ruan Xiangyan: If she is so worried, because it is still early, she can let her children take a new generation of birth control pills first, and take one every day or every other day. If you take one tablet every day, the side effects are quite big and a little disgusting. You can take one tablet every other day instead, so that you can't eat for a few days, so that she doesn't have to worry about possible menstruation and so on. Anyway, there are not many days left. You can try. It's too late for her to come early now.
Moderator: Many parents of candidates are nervous and have seen some remedies. A candidate's parents said that there is a folk prescription that eating fresh lemons every day two days before the exam can avoid menstruation during the college entrance examination. I wonder what experts think of this folk prescription?
Ruan: I haven't studied this folk prescription. I don't think this is possible. According to my personal opinion, I still advise her to use birth control pills to maintain menstruation.
Moderator: That is to say, parents and candidates should not believe some folk remedies casually, which will cause side effects to the body.
Ruan: If you want to try folk remedies, you should try them at ordinary times. At this time, you should use the most sure method.
Moderator: My menstruation has been abnormal in recent months. I always have a bleeding lump. Will it affect the exam then?
Dr. Ruan Xiangyan: If the menstrual flow is large, it will lead to anemia, anemia and fatigue, which will definitely affect the exam. At this time, I suggested that she use birth control pills, and it is best not to menstruate during the exam.
Moderator: If she is in a hurry to see a doctor these two days, will it be useless to go to the hospital?
Ruan: You can eat it tomorrow. If it is too late, you can eat three days in advance. It is also useful for some children to know three days in advance, and even use it later.
Netizen: My daughter is very weak and often feels dizzy. If this happens in the examination room, what good advice does the doctor have for her to adjust her state? What medicine do you take?
Dr. Ruan Xiangyan: If you feel dizzy, take some candy with you during the exam, because sometimes hypoglycemia may lead to dizziness, so eat a candy quickly. I wonder if the examination room is allowed to bring water. If allowed, she can bring some drinks or some sweets.
Netizen: My daughter is very nervous every exam and always wants to go to the toilet. For such a situation, it will definitely have a great impact on the exam. How to deal with this situation?
Ruan: Nervousness does lead to frequent urination and frequent toilet use. There is no medicine to deal with this problem, only to relax her mood. It is said that frequent going to the toilet affects her time, and wanting to go to the toilet is the function of her nerves, not really urinating a lot. Therefore, it is best to hold it for a while at this time. Relax and adjust your mind. There is nothing wrong with the exam. Don't think too much. Because I have taken too many exams and am an old examinee, I have some experience. Don't take the exam too seriously, just write down what you usually know. What are you nervous about? Write as much as you can.
Netizen: What about nosebleeds, high-speed nervousness and rapid heartbeat during the exam?
Dr Ruan Xiangyan: If you are worried about nosebleeds during the exam, you should bring some cotton wool at this time. If you really have a nosebleed, you should hold it down and stuff it into your nostrils. You should not let them flow together. If they flow together, you should put cotton wool in your nostrils, because it is soft and oppressive and can stop bleeding. Of course, if there is cold water at this time, because cold water will cause blood vessels to contract, you can also pat both sides of your nose with cold water. You can also pat the face and neck where the blood vessels are closed, so that the blood expands with heat and contracts with cold. Cold blood vessels can contract to help stop bleeding. Don't be too nervous, or because he is too nervous. In addition, I suggested that he eat more fruits rich in vitamin C, and of course eat less watermelon, because watermelon is diuretic at this time, and it is not appropriate to go to the toilet all the time to eat something else in the examination room. For example, after the exam, you can eat more fruits at night, supplement vitamin C, increase blood vessel elasticity, and the blood vessel elasticity is better, so this may not necessarily happen, so don't think so much.
Netizen: I want to prove it. I heard that menstruation is the most exciting time for girls' brains. I want to ask the experts if this statement is correct.
Dr Ruan Xiangyan: 99% of this statement should be wrong. Because I don't rule out very special circumstances, why do you say that? Because from the point of view of menstrual cycle, because menstrual period is the time when estrogen and progesterone are the lowest, it usually causes fatigue, bad spirit, and even a little irritability and even dizziness before menstruation. When the spirit is bad, it should be menstruation or menstrual period, and it should be the worst time for women. This is theoretical. Physiologically, it should be the lowest point of emotional and mental state.
Moderator: In other words, this statement is wrong. 99% are wrong, not excluding individuals, others are like this, he is the opposite.
Netizen: I menstruated on May 3rd and started taking birth control pills on May 24th. Do you have to take this pill until the end of the college entrance examination? Does it affect the college entrance examination?
Dr. Ruan Xiangyan: If she takes medicine without any adverse reaction, she will have to take the college entrance examination, or she will come as soon as she stops. Eat until the college entrance examination is over.
Host: If you stop injecting progesterone, you will come.
Ruan: If you continue to take birth control pills, if you inject progesterone, it will be too late now.
Compere: There are also netizens on the Internet who leave messages to users who say that they will take progesterone as soon as they stop menstruating.
Dr Ruan Xiangyan: Yes. Usually stop the needle for about three days to menstruate. If progesterone is injected, you can stop the injection and take birth control pills instead.
Moderator: There will be no conflict between the two, right?
Ruan: There is no conflict between them. Progesterone is certainly not as effective as contraceptives in maintaining endometrium. In addition, it is not convenient to take the exam only by injection.
Netizen: I am physiologically sensitive. What side effects can you have by taking birth control pills?
Dr. Ruan Xiangyan: It is still possible. After all, a few percent of people have slight nausea and dizziness, but most people don't. There are individual differences. It's hard to say that some people may be allergic to contraceptives. If you are worried that the college entrance examination hasn't started yet, if it is light and your reaction to menstruation is not obvious, don't think about it. If the reaction is serious, try to take it during the exam first, take half a tablet first, cut the medicine open, and then take one tablet a day if you feel no problem. If eating one tablet is a severe reaction, if eating half a tablet is good, then eat half a tablet, if it can be maintained, then eat it.
Moderator: If netizens respond to the contraceptive pill itself, is there any good way to maintain menstruation?
Dr. Ruan Xiangyan: This is the most effective method at present, and there is no better one.
Moderator: You can only adjust yourself so that you don't get too nervous.
Ruan: Yes, menstruation is a natural physiological phenomenon. Many athletes may menstruate during the competition, and the amount of exercise is far greater than the exam. It's nothing.
Netizen: Is there any way or food to fall asleep quickly? I want experts to give me some advice. Because I always have to wait for half an hour to get sleepy when I sleep, and I feel like I'm doing a problem when I sleep, and I feel particularly tired when I wake up.
Dr. Ruan Xiangyan: This child works too hard and uses too much brain, because he has been thinking about this problem and can't get a good rest. First, we should relax. There is no good medicine. The medicine for falling asleep quickly is sleeping pills, but I definitely don't recommend sleeping pills for candidates, which is not good for candidates. You can drink some milk before going to bed, which may help promote sleep. Of course, according to everyone's hobbies, you can listen to some light music before going to bed. For example, some people fall asleep when listening to music, which is softer. However, some people may be more excited after listening to it. The most important thing is not to be nervous according to everyone's characteristics.
Netizen: I have dysmenorrhea every time I come to my period. Is there any way to relieve pain without taking medicine?
Dr. Ruan Xiangyan: If dysmenorrhea is serious and you don't take medicine, some folk methods are to drink some brown sugar water during or before menstruation. One possibility is to promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis. Chinese medicine is ok, and some saffron tea may have some effect. That's all I know. I also reminded this classmate that drugs should not be too scary. Generally speaking, they are based on your physical condition. Since it is a medicine, it is used to treat your illness and relieve your pain. Taking two tablets should be the most effective and won't have much effect on you. Generally, take two tablets when it hurts, and the pain in the back will basically stop. Generally no problem.
Netizen: I belong to primary dysmenorrhea. Every time you eat fenbid, do you often have side effects on your body? If you still take Fenbid during the exam, will you be unable to control the pain?
Dr. Ruan Xiangyan: If you can control it by eating Fenbid at ordinary times, I think you should be able to control it during the exam. He can also prepare some other drugs, such as Kefulan, which has a good effect on dysmenorrhea. If your pain is really good, you can take one instead.
Netizen: Experts just said birth control pills. Does progesterone have side effects on the body?
Dr. Ruan Xiangyan: Because the progesterone produced in the body is progesterone under normal circumstances, the progesterone you inject is the same as the progesterone produced after ovarian ovulation, and it should have no effect on your body. Of course, if you use a large dose that exceeds your physiological needs, it should have an impact.
Moderator: Now almost all the problems of netizens are these problems. Finally, the experts will give you some good suggestions to help you adjust your physiological state in time.
Dr Ruan Xiangyan: OK.
I am Dr. Ruan from the Endocrinology Clinic of Beijing Maternity Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University. I am glad to have the opportunity to discuss the physiological cycle of girls before the college entrance examination here. Today, we answer the most frequently asked questions, that is, how to postpone menstruation and how to reduce the tension during the college entrance examination.
First of all, relax mentally. Don't take the college entrance examination too sacred. Writing down what you usually know is the greatest success and mental relaxation. Then eat more fruits and vegetables and some protein and fish in the diet. Of course, my parents must be more considerate than me. The activity should be carried out as usual. Don't disturb the normal life rules, but also follow the normal life rules. Don't change your normal life pattern because of the college entrance examination, which will make you nervous. Then there is exercise or exercise. If you don't sleep well, you can drink some yogurt or fresh milk one or two hours before going to bed, which may help promote sleep. I don't recommend sleeping pills, which will affect your exam results.
As for menstruation, it is unlikely that you will come early now, if you haven't come today. Because the time is too short, only delay menstruation, if you start taking medicine tomorrow and the day after tomorrow, delay menstruation is not a problem. Under what circumstances do you need to postpone menstruation? If menstruation does not affect life, work and study, it is a physiological cycle to treat normally without taking medicine. If your menstruation obviously affects your study, brings you great pain and fatigue, and affects your exam, then the most effective way to postpone menstruation at present is a new generation of oral contraceptives. Some of these contraceptives can be bought in pharmacies, and some are prescription drugs. You need to come to pharmacies quickly to buy them, including Mindcouple, Marvelon and Diane-35. There is a special joy. Generally speaking, I hope all the candidates can write down the questions you know and get your best results.
Moderator: Thank you very much for giving us such a detailed answer today. I think candidates and parents should not be too nervous. As long as a relaxed atmosphere is created, candidates should be able to get good grades. Thank you very much, Teacher Ruan Xiangyan. This is the end of our chat today.
Dr Ruan Xiangyan: Thank you, netizen.
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