1923 The National Beijing Academy of Fine Arts was renamed as the National Beijing Academy of Fine Arts, with three departments: Chinese painting, western painting and pattern. At the beginning of the 20th century, a group of artistic talents who first studied in Europe, Japan and the United States gathered in the Art Institute to spread new knowledge and discuss art education. The teaching structure of art college has been formed.
From 65438 to 0925, Wen Yiduo, Zhao Taimou, Xiong Foxi and Xiao Deng, who returned from studying in the United States, set up drama departments and music departments at the National Academy of Fine Arts, and later renamed them the National Beijing Art School. The drama department of the National Beijing Institute of Art is the beginning of the drama major in China's ethnic education institutions in modern history. The National Beijing Institute of Art is also one of the birthplaces of modern music education in China.
From 65438 to 0926, 26-year-old Lin Fengmian presided over the teaching work of the National Beijing Art College with the ambition of "devoting himself to reforming art schools" and "promoting the whole art movement and promoting the development of social art". During Lin Fengmian's tenure as president of the National Beijing Institute of Art, he hired famous professors at home and abroad, such as Qi Baishi and Crodo, as professors.
1927 May 1 1 day, the "Beijing Art Conference" initiated by Lin Fengmian officially opened. The campus of the Art College is the main venue, with posters, advertisements and posters all over Beijing. More than 3,000 works of art were exhibited, including Chinese paintings, oil paintings, sculptures, patterns and architecture, as well as the "Five-year Drama Club" of the Music Performance and Art College. "Beijing Art Conference" is an unprecedented comprehensive art fair in China's modern history.
1927, nine national institutions of higher learning in Beijing merged into Shi Jing University, and the National Beijing Institute of Art was renamed the Fine Arts Department of Shi Jing University. Shortly after the victory of the Northern Expedition, 1928 Nanjing became the capital of the National Government, and Beijing was renamed Beiping. Shi Jing University was renamed as National Peiping University, and Art College was renamed as National Peiping University Art College. 1929, the Department of Architecture was established in the National Peking University Art Institute, which was the beginning of the establishment of the Department of Architecture in professional art colleges.
1934, after the merger stopped, the National Beiping Art College was restored, and the school building was rebuilt to form a scale. Teachers include artists and scholars, such as Qi Baishi, Xinyu Pu, Chang Shuhong, Wang Linyi, Pang Xunqin and Wen Yiduo.
1938, after the July 7th Incident, Beiping fell and the school moved south. The two national art colleges in Beiping and Hangzhou merged and were named as National Art College, and moved to Yuanling, Hunan, Kunming, Yunnan, Chenggong, Bishan and Shapingba, Chongqing. The journey was 6,000 kilometers and lasted for nine years.
After the fall of Beiping, the Japanese army used the school building of the Art College as a military, and the left-behind part of the Art College moved many times, making it difficult to find a place to live. 1938 temporarily settled in Dongzongbu Hutong, and the Art Institute was renamed as National Beijing Art Institute.
1August, 946, after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the National Beiping Art College was reopened in Beijing, and Xu Beihong took over as the president of the reopened Beiping Art College. In order to reform the teaching of Beiping Art College, Xu Beihong paid more attention to talents and talents, and a large number of accomplished artists and scholars gathered in the Art College.
1949165438+10 In October, the National Beiping Art Institute merged with three fine arts departments of North China University. The Third Department of Fine Arts of North China University was formerly the Fine Arts Department of Lu Xun Art College in Yan 'an, which was established in 1938. With the approval of the Central People's Government, the National Academy of Fine Arts was established and its name was inscribed by President Mao Zedong. Xu Beihong served as the first dean. 1950 65438+ 10, approved by the government affairs bureau of the Central People's Government, was officially named as the Central Academy of Fine Arts. On April 1 day, the inauguration ceremony of the Central Academy of Fine Arts was held in No.5 Campus of Captain Hutong in Wangfujing.
On 20011kloc-0/7, the Central Academy of Fine Arts moved to the new address of Wangjing New District, and the address No.5 of Captain Hutong was moved in as a memorial and embedded in the new school gate. The construction of Wangjing Campus of Central Academy of Fine Arts is one of the national key cultural construction projects in the Ninth Five-Year Plan, covering an area of 200 mu. Central Academy of Fine Arts and RMB Design The fate of Central Academy of Fine Arts and RMB design began with the second set of RMB. The planning and design of the second set of RMB starts from 1950. The relevant departments hired Luo, then the head teacher of the art cadre training class of the Central Academy of Fine Arts, as the general manager. Teachers Zhou, Zhou and Zhou are invited to participate, in which Teacher Zhou is responsible for the overall design.
The third set of RMB was born in the early 1960s. In addition to Luo and Zhou, members of the design team also include Deng Zhu, a teacher from the Central Academy of Fine Arts who is good at landscapes and figures, and Chen Ruoju, a teacher from the Central Academy of Arts and Crafts who is good at decorative arts. This general plan of RMB reflects the policy that the national economy was based on agriculture, led by industry and paid equal attention to agriculture at that time. In this set of RMB, 5 yuan Voucher won the international prize and became the best paper money in the world.
The fourth set of RMB issued after the reform and opening up is the one with the longest planning and design time: from 1967 to 1985, the design concept was put forward after many twists and turns. This set of RMB was designed from 1983. With the support of the leaders of the Central Academy of Fine Arts and other units, an expert group composed of five designers from the third set of RMB and experts in related fields participated.
From 1 corner coupon to 10 yuan coupon, designed by Hou Yimin and Deng Zhu; 1 yuan to 10 yuan coupons were designed by Zhou and Chen ruoju. The main map of 50 yuan vouchers designed by Luo Hezhou is the image of workers, peasants and intellectuals symbolizing China's national system and government. After receiving the design task of 100 yuan note, Zhou and others are faced with the problem of how to continue to design higher denomination notes. Prior to this, Zhou has been responsible for organizing and planning the National Day military parade for many years, inspired by 1979 the huge portraits of Zhu De carried by the masses in the military parade celebrating the 30th anniversary of the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC). He felt that the political environment at that time could properly evaluate the historical position of leaders, so he proposed that the main picture of 100 yuan coupons could adopt the images of four leaders. With the approval of the Central Committee, the relief was created by Stuart Zhao Guang, a teacher of the Sculpture Department of the Central Academy of Fine Arts, and drawn by Hou Yimin, so the first RMB banknote with the leader's head as the main picture appeared. The Central Academy of Fine Arts and the Birth of the Oil Painting Masterpiece founding ceremony 1952. The Museum of Chinese Revolution decided to entrust the Central Academy of Fine Arts to organize and complete a giant oil painting-founding ceremony. The Central Academy of Fine Arts handed this arduous task to Dong, a 37-year-old young painter and a well-known professor at the Central Academy of Fine Arts. He was repeatedly ordered to paint portraits of leaders and heroes.
After receiving this task, Dong first made the idea. He asked for advice from his peers or artists at that time, such as Xu Beihong, Ai Zhongxin, Jiang Feng, Wu Zuoren, Luo and even his own students. Finally, he defined the composition as: Mao Zedong stood in the middle of the picture, with 1/3 pictures of other leaders attending founding ceremony on the left and people in the square on the right. Mao Zedong leads the center of the whole picture, together with other leaders and people in the square, forming a "happy" composition.
Dong once pulled out a pillar in front of and on the right side of the square, so he specially asked the architect Liang Sicheng for it. Liang Sicheng said: "There is a pillar on the right side of the painting. This is a big mistake in architecture, but it is a great success in painting art! "
1952 April, founding ceremony completed and passed the inspection of the central leadership. This masterpiece of art suffered many disasters in the political movement and was revised three times. It was not until 1979 that the work was approved to be restored to its original appearance. Out of respect for the original author, the restoration work was carried out on the replicas of Jin Shangyi and Zhao Yu. The original works are kept in the warehouse of the National Museum of China, and they were only exhibited once in the celebration of the Central Academy of Fine Arts, but usually the replicas of Jin Shangyi and others are exhibited. In late September, signs and memories related to * * * and China of the Central Academy of Fine Arts, 1949, Tsinghua University Construction Department, which was responsible for collecting the drawings of the national emblem, and the former National Beiping Academy of Art (changed to the Central Academy of Fine Arts in 1950) all set up national emblem design teams to be responsible for the design of the national emblem. The National Emblem Design Group of the Central Academy of Fine Arts is composed of artists and professors from China, Japan, Zhou and so on. On September 25th of the same year, Zhang Ding and Zhong Ling proposed five national emblems similar to CPPCC. On June 1950 and 1 1 day, the National Emblem Group held a meeting and adopted Tiananmen as the national emblem in principle. After repeated comparison and revision, the national emblem team finally selected the national emblem pattern modified by Liang Sicheng on the basis of Zhang Ding's pattern.
As a judge, Xu Beihong, the old president of the Central Academy of Fine Arts, also participated in the selection of the national anthem. With regard to the national anthem, * * * had received 632 national anthem manuscripts and 694 lyrics by the end of September, 1949. After careful discussion, the National Anthem Dictionary Selection Committee concluded that the manuscripts were insufficient and the number of candidates was small. Xu Beihong suggested using March of the Volunteers as the national anthem. His suggestion was adopted, and March of the Volunteers's lyrics were revised and eventually became the national anthem of the Republic of China. The Central Academy of Fine Arts and Monument to the People's Heroes According to Han Yan, a professor at the Central Academy of Fine Arts and deputy head of the Monument to the People's Heroes, in the early days of the monument creation, a group of outstanding painters, mainly teachers from the Central Academy of Fine Arts, participated in the relief work of the monument.
The relatively complete drawings are Crossing the River and Nanchang Uprising: crossing the River was mainly designed by Han Yan; The draft of Nanchang Uprising was designed by Wang Shikuo, a professor at the Central Academy of Fine Arts and the chief teacher of Oil Painting Research.
Eight sculptors, including Hua Tianyou, Wang Linyi, great-grandfather Shao, Zhang Songhe and Xiao Chuanjiu, participated in the real creation of the monument.
Liu Kaiqu, then president of East China Branch of Central Academy of Fine Arts, wrote Crossing the Yangtze River Victory. At that time, Hua Tianyou, director of the Sculpture Department of the Central Academy of Fine Arts, was responsible for creating the relief of the monument during the May 4th Movement. Wang Linyi is a pioneer of modern sculpture in China. After the founding of New China, he became a professor and dean of the Central Academy of Fine Arts. The May 30th Movement, a relief on the Monument to the People's Heroes, is one of his representative works. Great-grandfather Shao, a professor of sculpture at the Central Academy of Fine Arts, also participated in the construction of the Monument to the People's Heroes in March 1950. He wrote the destruction of opium in Humen on the relief.
With the joint efforts of the Central Academy of Fine Arts and artists from all walks of life, the Monument to the People's Heroes was completed at sunset on May 1958+0.