Tao Xingzhi's Six Educational Movements
Innovation is the core of quality. Creative expression cannot be taught. Tao Xingzhi, a famous educator, put forward the "Six Emancipations", generally pointing out that the premise of innovation is to liberate people. First, let the child's mind. Many people think that the brain is in the student, and it is his freedom to think what he thinks. However, there is such an example. An American mother asked her daughter in a circle, what is this? My daughter, who has been in grade one, definitely replied that this is an "O" (letter) and this is a circle. When the mother asked the same question before the first grade, the daughter had various answers: "It's the sun, it's grapes, like table tennis …". So what imprisoned the child's thinking, the mother resolutely went to court with Xue, and the court ruled that the school lost. Similarly, some scholars have raised the question of "what's the use" to kindergarten children, primary school students, middle school students and college students respectively, and the results are greatly unexpected. Kindergarten children have the most ideas: cleaning tables, cleaning shoes, cleaning noses, lighting paper to keep warm in winter and so on. There is only one answer for college students, "writing" is enough to make us speechless. It turns out that those of us who are engaged in "the most glorious career under the sun" are just turning the "big question mark" when we first entered the school gate into the "big period" when we left the school gate after ten years of cold window. And our teachers and parents are far less sober than that American mother. Free children's minds from superstition, prejudice and misinterpretation. Encourage students to spread the wings of imagination and give full play to the potential of innovation. Second, let go of the child's hand. Now most students are only children, surrounded by grandparents, parents, and live a life of "mouth to mouth, clothes to reach out". "Little Emperor" is a vivid description of our children. However, just as the elders prepared every meal and washed every piece of clothes for them, the children lost the opportunity to exercise again and again. Then, a strange thing happened. Students can go to college, but they can't live independently. Most foreign students in China get good grades, but they lack experience in laboratory operation. Therefore, under the current circumstances, it is particularly important to put forward the idea of liberating students' hands. Let the students do everything by themselves. Regarding the practical ability in life, Tao Xingzhi bluntly said, "I can't grow vegetables, not a student." In teaching, we should also create conditions for students to actively start work. For example, in teaching, the weight of "grams of knowledge" is 1 gram and 500 grams, which can be weighed by students' hands. This kind of teaching is believed to be more useful than the teacher's ten lectures. Another example is that students can draw a picture, cut it out and spell it out when they interpret "the understanding of a cuboid"; Make a cuboid box by yourself, then talk about the characteristics of cuboid, put education into practice and promote the use of brain. 1985, Zhang Jin, a teenager in China who was only 16 years old, won the first prize of adolescent invention for a series of amazing inventions. Zhang Jin's creativity is because his parents provided him with good conditions for thinking. In his childhood, his parents paid attention to buying toys for him to develop his senses, intelligence and creativity. Among many toys, Zhang Jin prefers toys and building materials that can be disassembled at will. He especially likes to spell, spell, and spell many different things with his hands and brain. Being diligent in hands-on is very important to the cultivation of students' ability, because human activities are carried out with both hands, and prohibiting students from hands-on will destroy creativity. Cultivate students' practical ability; We should not only learn existing knowledge, but also learn to collect and process knowledge with our hands and brains, digest and absorb knowledge, form character and morality, broaden our horizons, increase our knowledge, and transform it into basic literacy and practical ability. Third, liberate children's eyes and let students see and observe. When asked why he achieved such great success, Darwin said, "I don't have extraordinary wit, but I may be above others in my ability to observe carefully." It can be seen that observation is the starting point of creation and the "eye" of a smart brain. Teachers and parents have the responsibility to liberate students' eyes and help children polish their eyes brighter. Guide students to master correct observation methods. First of all, there must be a clear observation purpose. After helping your child to determine the observation object, you should encourage your child to pay attention to the end and don't easily shift the target. Second, we should observe it step by step in order, such as from top to bottom, from left to right, from outside to inside and so on. Third, observe things from multiple angles and cultivate children's creative observation methods. Fourth, pay attention to the comparison between the same thing and different things to improve students' observation ability.