Zhou Shidi (1900- 1979) was born in Le Hui county, Guangdong province. 1924 graduated from whampoa military academy and joined China * * * production party in the same year. Sun Yat-sen used to be the vice captain and captain of Marshal Lu Haijun's armored motorcade, the battalion commander, chief of staff and acting head of the Fourth Army Independent Regiment of the National Revolutionary Army, and the head of the 73rd Regiment. Participated in the Northern Expedition and Nanchang Uprising, and served as the commander of the 25th division of the Rebel Army. During the Agrarian Revolutionary War, he served as an instructor of Ren Hongjun University, head and captain of the cadre regiment of the Central Military Commission, chief of staff of the 15th Army of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army, and chief of staff of the Red Second Army. Participated in the Long March. During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, he served as the Chief of Staff of the Eighth Route Army 120 Division, the President of the Seventh Branch of China People's Anti-Japanese Military and Political University, the Deputy Commander of the Jinsui Military Region and the Vice President of the Jinsui Military and Political Cadre School, the Deputy Commander and Deputy Political Commissar of the First Corps of the North China Military Region, the Commander and Political Commissar of the Jinbei Field Army and the 18th Corps, and the Deputy Commander of the Taiyuan Front Command. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), he served as commander of the Western Sichuan Military Region and mayor of Chengdu, deputy commander of the Southwest Military Region, commander of the air defense force of the People's Liberation Army of China, deputy director of the General Training Department of the People's Liberation Army of China, minister of the foreign military training department, and consultant of the General Staff Department. 1955, he was awarded the rank of general. He is a member of the first, second and third national defense committees, a member of the third and fourth Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference Standing Committee, a representative of the first and fourth National People's Congress, a member of the fifth NPC Standing Committee, and a representative of the seventh and eighth China Producers' Party National Congress. First, young captain. Zhou Shidi is a student in the first phase of Huangpu Military Academy. After graduating from Whampoa Military Academy, he successively served as a trainee officer, vice captain and captain of armored motorcade in Lu Haijun Grand Marshal's Office. During the Great Revolution, he served as the battalion commander of Ye Ting Independent Regiment, the 4th Army of the National Revolutionary Army, and the chief of staff and acting head of Ye Ting Independent Regiment. Head of the 25th Regiment of the 25th Division of the National Revolutionary Army, and division commander of the 25th Division. This series of dazzling posts is enough to make people proud. It can be said that there are not a few senior generals like Zhou Shidi in China People's Liberation Army. The 1920s was the glorious stage of Zhou Shidi's military career. Some people say that among the senior generals of our army, Zhou Shidi has several "firsts": the first student in Huangpu, the first member of Sun Yat-sen's armored guard, and the commander of the first revolutionary armed forces directly controlled by China's * * * production party ... After graduating from Huangpu Military Academy, he entered the armored motorcade of Marshal Sun Yat-sen's house and soon became the captain. This armored motorcade is the first revolutionary armed force directly controlled by China Production Party. 1924, cooperation between countries was formally formed in order to establish revolutionary armed forces; Zhou Enlai, then director of the Political Department of Whampoa Military Academy, discussed with Sun Yat-sen and decided to form an "armored motorcade". When the first-phase students of Whampoa Military Academy were about to graduate, Zhou Enlai selected Xu as the captain, Zhou Shidi as the trainee officer, Liao Ganwu from party member as the party representative and Cao Ruqian as the political instructor from the first-phase graduates. These five people are responsible for the specific work of preparing for the establishment of the "armored team". The "armored motorcade" nominally belongs to the Grand Marshal's Office, but it is actually a revolutionary armed force directly led by the China * * * production party. The distribution and transfer of all personnel of the "armored motorcade" is decided by the Guangdong District Committee of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China; The work and life problems of the "armored motorcade" are directly solved by Chen Yannian and Zhou Enlai of Guangdong District Committee. The equipment of the "armored motorcade" was relatively advanced at that time, equipped with armored trains and other vehicles. One of them has an armored locomotive, dragging four or five armored vehicles. There is a rotating turret at the top, and a machine gun is mounted on the turret. The carriages are all equipped with armor, and there are several rows of high and low strip shooting windows on the side wall of the carriage. You can shoot vertically or kneel in different positions to observe the outside in the carriage, and there are benches on both sides of the carriage. Armored vehicles usually stop at Dashatou Railway Station. When going out to fight or perform patrol and other tasks, armored locomotives are used for traction and galloping on the railway lines from Guangzhou to Kowloon and Shaoguan. Monitor and team members are equipped with long guns, and cadres above platoon leader are equipped with mauser guns. There is also a portable machine gun in each row. These guns were all aided by the Soviet Union. An officer of the "armored motorcade" is dressing. Usually wear a yellow hat, yellow twill tunic suit uniform and leggings; Officers wear black leather shoes or long black riding boots. Every time you go out for training or expedition, it will attract many people's attention. The military and political training of "armored motorcade" has been very tense. Implement the daily "three exercises and two lectures" system. Three exercises: morning exercises, morning and afternoon training, called three exercises in the playground; Two classes: two hours of political education in the morning or afternoon, group discussion or late roll call in the evening, which are called two classes. The life of the "armored motorcade" is very serious and tense, but at the same time it is very United and lively. Players often engage in cultural and sports activities, such as singing, playing ball games and performing. Entertainment parties are often held, and cadres and team members perform programs together. There is also a reading room in the team, and there are revolutionary and progressive publications for everyone to read. The "armored motorcade" completely abolished the system of beating, scolding and corporal punishment and established an equal and friendly relationship. Cadres and team members are in harmony and unite with each other. Everyone has the same revolutionary goal, serious work, equal and considerate life, and open financial accounts. Such as meals, office expenses, miscellaneous expenses, etc. are published regularly every month. The standard of food for cadres and team members is the same, and the food expenses saved every month are shared equally. This is called "eating tail". All these are completely different from the old army, because this is a new revolutionary army led by the Communist Party of China (CPC). Second, defeat Wu. In the revolutionary history of China, "Ye Ting Independent Regiment" is a glorious name. It is not only the earliest armed force established by the China * * * Production Party, but also a symbol of courage and tenacity. This revolutionary spirit inspired generations of revolutionary soldiers to take the lead. It can be said that the "Ye Ting Independent Regiment" can be promoted together with the China People's Liberation Army. Zhou Shidi is one of the earliest backbones of Ye Ting Independent Regiment. He followed this Tiejun through the whole process from establishment to expansion. Ye Ting Independent Group was established in Zhaoqing, Guangdong Province in June 1925 1 1. It is composed of soldiers recruited from Guangdong, Guangxi and Hunan, with all armored motorcade personnel under the command of Zhou Shidi and some students from Huangpu Military Academy as the backbone. Initially, it was named the Independent Regiment of the Fourth Army of the National Revolutionary Army. Because its head is Ye Ting, people usually call it the Ye Ting Independent Mission. Since its establishment, the Ye Ting Independent Regiment has been directly controlled by the China Producers' Party, with party branches and party groups in each camp. Paying attention to ideological and political work and military training will soon become a force with strong combat effectiveness. Such an army with excellent military and political quality was unique among the troops of the National Government at that time. When the horn of the Northern Expedition sounded, when some troops were afraid or unable to undertake the important task of pioneering, the China * * * production party pushed its own army to the forefront. 1 926 May1day, Ye Ting Independent Regiment, as the advance team of the Northern Expedition, took the lead in advancing northward. Ye Ting Independent Group went north from Guangdong and entered Hunan first. Warlords entrenched in the northern provinces have made preparations for the Northern Expedition of the National Revolutionary Army. At that time, the warlord who occupied the two lakes region was Wu, a famous figure in China's modern history. He is brave and resourceful, but his thoughts are reactionary and he is willing to be king. During the Great Revolution, he stubbornly resisted the revolutionary forces and became the most ferocious enemy of the Northern Expedition Army. Wu knew that the Northern Expeditionary Army had strong fighting capacity. After he stopped the offensive momentum of the Northern Expeditionary Army in Hunan, he immediately withdrew his main force to Hubei, in an attempt to stop the Northern Expeditionary Army on the Guangdong-Han Road in a few days and fight it to the death. Under the guidance of farmers who are familiar with the road, the independent regiment quickly crossed the difficult mountains and rugged paths, and went around to gutang Point to launch a sudden and violent attack on the enemy. At the same time, Chen Keyu ordered other troops of the 4th Army to attack the enemy from the front. At that time, there were gunshots in all directions, and the enemy didn't know where the revolutionary army came from, which made him panic. Ye Ting Independent Regiment soon broke through the enemy's position, and the enemy collapsed across the board. The natural barrier Tingsi Bridge thus fell into the hands of the Northern Expeditionary Army. The independent regiment broke through the enemy lines and rushed to Xianning city non-stop. When Ye Ting entered the enemy headquarters after the independent regiment occupied Xianning City, the phone was still ringing. He picked up the receiver and saw that it was a phone call from Heshengqiao, saying that Wu had arrived at Heshengqiao and asked about Tingsi Bridge. Ye Ting smiled coldly and said, "Tell Wu Tingsi Bridge was occupied by Ye Ting!" Wu personally led his 8th Division, 13 Huncheng Brigade and Guard Brigade, and went south to Wuchang for reinforcements by train. By the time we arrived at Heshengqiao, Tingsi Bridge and Xianning had been occupied by Ye Ting Independent Group. Wu reluctantly stopped and ordered the troops to hold the Hesheng Bridge. Hesheng Bridge is another natural barrier between Guangdong and Han. It borders Tanghuang Lake in the west and Liangzi Lake in the east. When the water level rises, the land between the two great lakes becomes narrow. Wu deployed more than 20,000 troops, more than 60 cannons and more than 100 machine guns in this narrow area, and set up three defense lines, with a defense depth of more than 10. Wu believes that the defeat of Dingling Bridge was caused by our army's circuitous attack. In order to deal with this tactic of our army, he personally guided the troops to build the defensive position of Heshengqiao, which not only formed a defensive depth position of more than 10, but also built a circular fortification on each hill to form a circular defense, which can not only fight independently, but also support each other with firepower. After inspecting Taolinpu position and Yindou mountain artillery position, Wu said to his staff: "In the past, it was the battle of Jiuqiao that decided Hubei, but now it is the battle of Heshengqiao that decided the world." What he meant by this wild talk was that he fought Zhao Hengti at Hehe Bridge, defeated Zhao Hengti and completely controlled Hubei. Now he will defeat the Northern Expeditionary Army at Heshengqiao, and then control the whole China from the south. Farmers in Heshengqiao area have long been oppressed and exploited by the reactionary class. In recent days, Wu's troops have been robbed, raped and other criminal incidents, which the people deeply hate. When they heard that the independent regiment was going to fight Heshengqiao, they asked to join the battle in order to avenge their deep hatred. In this way, each company of the independent regiment has a farmer who knows the way as a guide. The soldiers said: "With the staff of the company, we will definitely be able to enter the Hesheng Bridge." After the independent regiment occupied the enemy position in Taolinpu area, it continued to attack the enemy in depth. Battalion 2 broke through several positions in succession and was suddenly attacked by enemy Liu Yuchun's department and surrounded by Battalion 2. The battalion commander Xu was wounded in the chest and the bullet went through the lung, but he still insisted on commanding the battle. Company 5 entered the enemy artillery position near Yindou Mountain and suffered heavy casualties. The 2nd Battalion requested the regimental headquarters to reinforce quickly. At this time, all the troops of the Independent Regiment have been put into battle, and only the machine gun company that guards the railway line and prepares to stop the enemy armored vehicles can maneuver. The independent regiment that broke into the enemy's depth alone was attacked on three sides, and the enemy's machine guns and cannons kept shooting at the independent regiment. It is not easy for the independent group to enter, but it is not allowed to retreat and it is not appropriate to stop. The situation is very critical. At this critical juncture, Ye Ting decided to attack resolutely. Only by constantly attacking can he effectively preserve himself. He ordered the machine gun company, 1 Battalion, and Battalion 2 to concentrate at this point, and called Zhou Shidi, then the chief of staff of the regiment, to take command. Zhou Shidi came to the front, put six heavy machine guns together and set off together. Under the cover of intensive machine gun fire, 1 and 2 battalions launched an attack on Yindou Mountain. 1 Fu Kezhen, deputy battalion commander, led his troops to Yindou Mountain. He didn't know that his chest was pierced by a bullet, but he continued to rush forward and rushed out for several steps before falling down. The soldiers marched forward and stormed, and soon occupied Yindou Mountain. At this time, Zhou Shidi found an enemy running down the hill with banners. Knowing that this was a signal for the enemy to retreat, he ordered the troops to charge the enemy. After the horn sounded, I saw more than 0/000 discerning bayonets of the Independent Regiment/KLOC-rushing into the enemy line, just like a fierce tiger rushing into the sheep. Tens of thousands of enemies couldn't stand it, rolling and crawling, and collapsed like a landslide. Wu's overseers stopped the fleeing troops on the Heshengqiao railway bridge, slashed the retreating officers and soldiers with sharp broadswords, and even killed several brigade commanders and heads, hanging their heads on the bridge. But still can't stop the retreat of soldiers, can't stop the impact and pursuit of the independent regiment. The enemy troops were all in a hurry to retreat, only a few thousand people were squeezed out and Sheng Qiao drowned in the river. The independent regiment took advantage of the enemy's chaos and rushed across the railway bridge. Seeing that the situation was not good, Wu fled to Wuhan by bus. On 30th 1 1, the independent group occupied the Hesheng Bridge and opened the last door to Wuhan. Third, when the "Erma" Zhou Shidi led 18 Corps to Shaanxi, the Kuomintang army in Hu Zongnan, which was entrenched in the northwest, was hit hard by our northwest field army, leaving only more than 200,000 people, and its combat effectiveness has been greatly weakened. However, Ma Bufang and Ma Hongkui still have 6.5438+0.8 million troops, entrenched in Qinghai and Ningxia, and have not been hit by our army. Hu Zongnan, Ma Bufang and Ma Hongkui have been fighting for power and interests for a long time. In order to save the northwest, the Kuomintang tried its best to win over the "two horses" and entrusted them with high officials and generous salaries. They tried their best to induce "Erma" to send troops to Shaanxi and join hands with Hu Zongnan to do the last desperate struggle. Of the two horses, Ma Bufang is the most rampant. His ambition was vicious. He pretended to be the "pillar of the northwest" and tried to March into Shaanxi to protect his lair in Qinghai. He organized three corps with Ma Hongkui, led by his son Ma Jiyuan, and marched eastward in three ways, with the cooperation of Hu Zongnan, in an attempt to capture xianyang and then Xi 'an. At the headquarters of the 1 Corps in the ancient city of An, Peng said to Zhou Shidi and Yang Dezhi, commanders of the 19 Corps, "It's good to have you here. Get ready for some big battles! The enemy is dying, reactionary and stubborn. They won't stop until we launch several big battles and give them a devastating blow! " Zhou Shidi looked at Mr. Peng on the stage and couldn't help feeling surge of emotion surge. He has been directing operations under He Long for a long time and has little contact with Peng. Now he has joined the field army and worked under General Peng. He is both excited and responsible. In July 1949, 1 1, 1 the main force began to attack Hu Zongnan troops. Xu Guangda's second corps assembled at a predetermined position, and used the gap between Hu Jun and Ma Jun to secretly detour to the enemy's rear ... Zhou Shidi led 18 Corps to attack the enemy from east to west along Longhai Railway and Xianyang-Fengxiang Highway. Wang Zhen's 1 Corps, along the Longhai Railway and Xianyang-Fengxiang Highway, went deep behind enemy lines from east to west. Hu Zongnan always thought that Zhou Shidi's 18 Corps and Yang Dezhi's 19 Corps would have to rest for at least 1 month before they could fight. He thought that with five group armies, the PLA dared not swallow them all at once. He also dreamed that the People's Liberation Army attacked Ma Jun, so he attacked the People's Liberation Army with all his strength and won the joint operation between Huma and Ma. Hu Zongnan's dream was awakened by a thunderous gunshot. The first field army suddenly launched a fierce attack on all fronts with lightning speed. Hu Zongnan's mass defense was divided and surrounded by the powerful People's Liberation Army in just one day, and it was in a desperate situation. After two days and nights of fierce fighting, the First Field Army annihilated more than 43,000 people from four armies and liberated eight counties, which was an unprecedented victory in the Northwest battlefield liberation war. Zhou Shidi's victory in the northwest is naturally very happy.