Bang, please introduce Ma Yinchu!

Ma Yinchu, a Hui nationality (Han nationality is actually misinformed), is from Pukou Town, Sheng County, Zhejiang Province. China is a contemporary economist, educator and demographer. After the founding of New China, he served as the deputy director of the Central Financial and Economic Committee, the deputy director of the East China Military and Political Committee, and the president of Peking University. 1957 was labeled as a rightist for publishing the theory of "new population theory" and was rehabilitated after the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party. He wrote many books in his life and made great contributions to China's economy, education and population.

190 1 was admitted to Tianjin Beiyang University (now Tianjin University) majoring in mining and metallurgy. From 65438 to 0906, he went to the United States to study, and successively obtained a master's degree in economics from Yale University and a doctor's degree in economics from Columbia University. 19 14 returned to China, worked as a clerk in the Ministry of Finance of Beiyang Government, and worked as an economics professor in Peking University. 19 19 is the first provost of Peking University. 192 1 year, National Southeast University established Shanghai Business School (now Shanghai University of Finance and Economics), and Ma Yinchu was the first academic director of Shanghai Business School, making a fundamental contribution to Shanghai University of Finance and Economics. 65438-0927 teaches in Zhejiang Finance School and is a member of Zhejiang Provincial Government. 1928, legislator of Nanjing government. After 1929, he served as the chairman of the Finance Committee and the Economic Committee, and concurrently served as a professor at Nanjing Central University, Army University and Shanghai Jiaotong University. 1938 at the beginning, he became the dean and professor of Chongqing University Business School. 1940 65438+was arrested by Chiang Kai-shek on February 6th. 1September, 946, went to Shanghai Private Chinese Business College to teach. 1949 In August, he became the president of Zhejiang University and a member of the Central People's Government of People's Republic of China (PRC). 19601October 4th, he was forced to resign as the president of Peking University because of the publication of the New Population Theory. 1September 1979, rehabilitated, served as honorary president of Peking University, and was re-elected as the fifth NPC Standing Committee. On February 27th, 198 1 was elected honorary president of China Population Association, and on March 29th, 198 1 was elected consultant of the first Council of China Federation of Economic Organizations. His main works are: New Theory of Currency, Essays on Wartime Economy, My Economic Theory, Philosophical Thoughts and Political Standpoint, China Foreign Exchange, China Bank Theory, China Tariff Issue, History of Capitalism Development, China Economic Transformation, Introduction to Economics, New Population Theory (reprint) and Ma Yinchu Economy. /kloc-0 won the "special honor award" of the first China Population Award in August, 1993.

As early as the early 1950s, he paid attention to and began to study the reality of the rapid population growth in China. In the famous new population theory, the population problem in China was systematically discussed. Put forward the proposition that the population of China is growing too fast, and think that the population of China has probably exceeded the annual population growth rate of 20‰ from 65438 to 65438 to 0957. If the doubling rate of 20‰ is estimated according to the statistics of 1953, "thirty years later, compared with the actual population, it will be a thousand miles away." This paper discusses the necessity and urgency of population control from the aspects of accelerating capital accumulation, improving science and technology, improving labor productivity and people's material and cultural level, and increasing industrial raw materials: ① the contradiction between population growth and capital accumulation. He believes that because China has a large population and a large consumption, it has accumulated less. Only by controlling the population and reducing the proportion of consumption can we accumulate more funds; (2) To build socialism, we need to improve labor productivity, engage in large-scale industries, and engage in agricultural electrification and mechanization. However, in order to arrange employment for many people, it is necessary to engage in small and medium-sized industries and engage in inefficient labor in agriculture, which actually holds back high-speed industrialization; ③ Contradiction with industrial raw materials. Large-scale light industry can effectively accumulate funds, but most of the raw materials for light industry come from agriculture. Because of the large population and food shortage, there is not much room for planting cash crops such as cotton, sericulture, soybeans and peanuts. At the same time, because the export of agricultural products is restricted, it is impossible to import a large number of complete sets of equipment for heavy industry, which affects the development of heavy industry; (4) The per capita arable land in China is less than 3 mu, and large-scale reclamation can't be done in a short time. "As far as food is concerned, population control is also necessary." He pointedly pointed out that population control is a top priority, otherwise, future problems will become more and more difficult to solve. If the government does not try to control the population, it is inevitable that farmers will turn all their goodwill into disappointment and dissatisfaction. He suggested that the population census should be conducted regularly and that population growth should be included in the second and third five-year plans.

main work

1 Selected Works of Ma Yinchu Economic Papers Peking University Publishing House 1990

2 China's new financial policy (I) Commercial Press 1939

3 "New Theory of Currency" Commercial Press 1947

4 New Population Theory Jilin People's Publishing House 1997

5 Ma Yinchu population anthology Zhejiang People's Publishing House 1997

6 My Economic Theory, Philosophy and Political Position Financial Press 1958

7 New Population Theory Guangdong Economic Publishing House 1998

8 Ma Yinchu Peng bureaucratic capital Chongqing publishing house 1983

9 Selected Works of Ma Yinchu Tianjin People's Publishing House 1988

10 my economic theory, philosophy and political position China financial and economic publishing house 1980

1 1 Selected Economic Papers of Ma Yinchu (1) Peking University Publishing House 198 1