Don't belong. * * * and Iceland (Icelandic: l? 0? 5? 0? 8veldi？ 0? 8 ? 0? 1land) is an island country in the North Atlantic, located between Greenland and Britain, with Reykjavik as its capital. Geographically, Iceland is often regarded as a member of the five Nordic countries [1]. Today, Iceland is a highly developed country, with GDP per capita ranking fifth in the world [2] and human development index ranking first in the world (2006). At present, Iceland is a member of the United Nations, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, the European Free Trade Association, the European Economic Area, the Nordic Council and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, but has not joined the European Union. Major education projects: Iceland has developed education, with about 654.38+million students nationwide, accounting for one third of the national population. Among them, there are 6.5438+0.6 million college students. There are nine institutions of higher learning in China, the largest of which is the University of Iceland (Haskelly? 0? In 2006, there were more than 9000 students, including 1000 teachers and staff. Religion: About 86% of the population believe in Christian Lutheranism, and the rest are Roman Catholics and Christians of other sects. Geography dettifoss, a volcanic lake on Vatnayokoulu Glacier, is located in the northeast of Iceland. It is the highest and fastest waterfall in Europe. Main entrance of Iceland Waterfall at sunset in winter: Iceland Geography [Editor] is located in the Danish Strait, facing Greenland across the sea in the west, the Norwegian Sea in the east, the Greenland Sea in the north and the Atlantic Ocean in the south. It is a Nordic country with an area of 6.5438+0.03 million square kilometers. [Editor] Since the late Early Miocene, the geological landform has been formed by the accumulation of upper mantle materials overflowing from the mid-Atlantic ridge rift, belonging to a volcanic island. The rocks that make up Iceland are all volcanic rocks, and basalt, andesite and rhyolite are widely distributed. There are many volcanoes on the island, which are called "Polar Fire Island". There are 200 to 300 volcanoes and 40 to 50 active volcanoes. The main volcanoes are Laki Volcano, Huanadals Volcano, Haikela Volcano and catra Volcano. Volcanic activity in the southwest coast from 1963 to 1967 formed an island of about 2. 1 square kilometer. Iceland has the largest number of hot springs in the world. There are about 250 alkaline hot springs on the island, and the largest hot spring can produce 200 liters of spring water per second. From the basic topography, Iceland is a bowl-shaped highland, surrounded by coastal mountains and with a plateau in the middle. Most of them are platforms, and the height of the platforms is between 400 and 800 meters. Individual peaks can reach 1.300 to 1.700 meters. The highest peak in Iceland is Mount Huanada Snook (265,438+0,654,38+0.9 meters). The lowland area is very small, and there are marine plains and ice water alluvial plains in the west and southwest, accounting for about 7% of the whole island area. The coastline without glaciers is irregular, with many fjords and bays. Other coastal areas are mainly beaches, and sandbars off the coast form lagoons. Geothermal resources are abundant and hot springs are widely distributed. [Editor] Climate: Iceland's climate is located in high latitudes, with temperate maritime climate in the south and tundra climate in the north. Influenced by the North Atlantic warm current, it mainly flows out from its south, and there is a branch around its west and north. Therefore, although it is located near the Arctic Circle, the temperature in winter is not low, and the temperature in summer is between 7 and 12 degrees Celsius. Located near the center of low pressure in Iceland, the weather is changeable. Cyclones have brought abundant precipitation to Iceland. The annual average precipitation in southwest and west is between 1000 ~ 2000mm, and it is less in north and northeast, which is 400 ~ 600 mm. Rain and snow weather may occur in any season. [Editor] Hydrological main item: Iceland's hydrological rivers radiate outward from the central plateau, and the main rivers are: Fiyo Darau Smee Glacier, etc. Iceland is not only the center of the Quaternary ice sheet, but also modern glaciers are distributed on the plateau, mainly shield-shaped ice cap glaciers and a few ice bucket glaciers, accounting for 1 1.5% of the total island area. There are Vatna Ice Sheet, Lange Ice Sheet, Hoves Ice Sheet and Mida Glacier. Among them, the Vatna ice sheet covers an area of 8,450 square kilometers and its thickness is between several hundred meters and 2 kilometers. It is the largest glacier in the world except Antarctica and Greenland. [Editor] Vegetation tundra is widely distributed, with grassland area accounting for 24%, and animal husbandry is relatively developed. The forest area accounts for about 65,438+0.37%, which is distributed in the leeward and sunny slopes and valleys, mainly birch shrubs. In recent decades, many cold-resistant conifers and cypresses have been introduced from Europe and America and grow well. [Editor] Main Entries of Major Cities: List of Icelandic Cities The major cities in Iceland are Reykjavik, Curry, hafner Vyodo, Kevlavik and Kopawog. [Editor] Economic items: Iceland's economy mainly depends on marine fisheries. Fishing provides 60% of Iceland's export income and employs 8% of the working population. In 2005, residents' final consumption increased by 1 1.9%, and fixed assets increased by 34.5%, which was the main reason for GDP growth. Imports increased by 28.4%, resulting in a current account trade deficit of 654.38+062 billion kronor (US$ 2.43 billion), accounting for 654.38+06.3% of GDP, which seriously affected GDP growth. In 2006, Iceland's GDP was1141700 million kronor (18 1 100 million USD), with an annual growth rate of 2.6%, and the per capita GDP exceeded 60,000 USD, reaching 60,370 USD. Compared with the annual growth of 7.5% in 2005, it has dropped significantly. In 2005, the growth rate of gross national income exceeded 6.7%, mainly due to the improvement of trade and the reduction of net expenditure on basic income [5]. Iceland faced a financial crisis in 2008. In the past year, the exchange rate of Iceland's currency against the euro has fallen by 80%. [6] On September 30th, it took over the third largest bank in China. 654381October 7th, took over the second largest bank in China-Lanzbanki Islands. [7] The Icelandic Parliament also urgently legislated to reduce the impact of the financial crisis. Because the assets of these banks are 9 times of Iceland's gross domestic product (GDP) of 654.38+0.4 billion euros, Iceland may face bank bankruptcy. [8] Premier Geir Haarde warned that Iceland is facing a crisis of "national bankruptcy". [9] On June, 2008 10, Iceland was auctioned as an auction item in Yi Bei, with beautiful scenery and lovely wildlife, but its financial situation needs to be repaired and the buyer needs to collect it himself. The reserve price of 99 pence quickly soared to 6.5438+million pounds. [10][ Editor] According to the statistics of 1980, the output of raw fish is 1 500,839 tons, hay is 3.879 million cubic meters, potatoes15,341ton and radishes are 902 tons. [Editor] Energy Industry of Naiyawell Geothermal Power Station in Iceland Iceland has unique hydropower and geothermal resources. The energy industry is very developed, with sufficient electricity and low prices. Geothermal utilization and development technology is unique in the world. Metallurgical industries, such as aluminum smelting and steelmaking, have developed rapidly in Iceland. At present, there are three aluminum smelters with annual output of 6.5438+0.78 million tons, 70,000 tons and 90,000 tons, and silicon steel mills with annual output of 6.5438+0.2 million tons. Iceland's Reydarfjordur aluminum plant is currently under construction (with an annual output of 320,000 tons), and Grundartangi aluminum plant is being expanded (with an annual output of 654.38+070 tons). By 2008, the annual output of aluminum in Iceland will reach 760,000 tons. Iceland will become one of the largest aluminum producers in the world, accounting for 5% of the world's aluminum production (1300-140,000 tons). In addition, plans to build aluminum plants in Reykjavik Peninsula and northern Iceland (with an annual output of 300,000-400,000 tons) are in the pipeline. Pharmaceutical Industry Iceland's biopharmaceutical industry has developed rapidly in recent years, ranking fourth in the world and becoming one of Iceland's main economic pillars. This is mainly due to the progress and development of biomedical and genetic research in Iceland. Building materials such as industrial cement, thermal insulation materials, aluminum corrugated boards, paints and coatings can not only meet domestic demand, but also be exported in large quantities. The automobile refitting industry has patented technology and equipment to refit ordinary jeeps into high-power and large-size jeeps for unicycles driving in glaciers, mountains and lava areas. The computer software industry is developed in games, commerce, anti-virus and disinfection, teaching and laboratory software, and it is one of the major software exporters in the world. [Editor] Iceland Tourism Bureau has three national parks: Thingvellir, the former site of Parliament, located in the southwest of Iceland, 50 kilometers east of the capital. In 930 AD, early Icelandic immigrants held the first National People's Congress here, and established the world's earliest elected parliament and the first Icelandic Constitution. It has beautiful scenery and is famous for its fractured valleys in Europe, Asia and the United States and its pure and deep parliamentary lake. This park is also a world cultural and natural heritage scenic spot. Skav tafel, located in the southeast of Iceland, is the largest national park and nature reserve in Iceland. The park integrates glaciers, volcanoes, canyons, forests and waterfalls, with spectacular scenery. Glacier Canyon River National Park (J? 0? 2kullsargljufur), located in the north of Iceland, is one of the largest waterfalls and the longest canyons in Europe, and is the habitat of birds.