Dialectical relationship between practice and cognition Xu Huiting 19 Abstract 1. Practice is the source and foundation of cognition, which plays a decisive role, produces the need of cognition and provides the possibility for cognition. Practice is the driving force for the development of cognition, which leads to the emergence and development of cognition. Practice is the purpose of understanding, and practice is the only criterion to test the truth of understanding. Reaction to practice. Understanding plays a guiding role in practice. A correct understanding of scientific theory plays a great guiding role in practice, while a wrong understanding of unscientific theory will lead practice astray. Deepen understanding in practice and guide practice with new understanding, that is, realize a virtuous circle of practice-understanding-re-practice, and deepen it continuously. Practice determines cognition, and cognition depends on practice. It is counterproductive to practice. This is the dialectical unity of practice and understanding. Keywords practice, understanding dialectical relationship. As the saying goes, "you can know the nature of fish near the water, and you can know the sound of birds near the mountain." Some fishermen in coastal areas put their ears on the side of the ship and listen to the sounds below, so they can know what fish are swimming in the nearby waters. Hunters who live in deep mountains and forests can distinguish the songs of various birds with their years of experience. Experienced drivers, the root cause is long-term repeated practice. Lenin said: "Man's practice has been repeated hundreds of millions of times and has been fixed as a logical form in man's consciousness. These forms are only (and only) because they have been repeated hundreds of millions of times. " \x0d What is practice? Practice is the activity of all people to transform the world. Practice puts forward the need of knowledge generation. People's cognitive activities are produced to meet the needs of practice and to solve and complete the problems and tasks put forward by practice. Persisting in practice is the only source of knowledge, and we must oppose all kinds of transcendentalism and idealism. There are no "people who are born to know" and "people who will learn without learning", and practice makes true knowledge. In the final analysis, people's knowledge and talents come from practice. This does not rule out accepting indirect experience and learning book knowledge. In fact, it is impossible and unnecessary for anyone to experience everything directly. Practice is the driving force of cognitive development. First, the development of practice constantly puts forward new topics of understanding and promotes the development of understanding. Engels said: "Once the society has a demand for technology, this demand will push science forward more than ten universities." Secondly, practice provides the necessary conditions for the development of cognition. On the one hand, the development of practice reveals more and more characteristics of the objective world and accumulates more and more experience materials for solving new problems in understanding; On the other hand, practice provides increasingly complete material means for continuously strengthening the cognitive ability of the subject. Finally, practice and exercise to improve the cognitive ability of the subject. Engels said: "The wisdom of human beings develops according to how people learn to change nature". \x0d Practice is the criterion to test whether knowledge has truth. Marx said: "It is not a theoretical question whether people's thinking has objective truth. This is a practical problem. People should prove the truth of their thinking in practice, that is, the reality and strength of their thinking, that is, the other side of their thinking. " People use their own thinking mode to reconstruct the object model in their minds, and deduce the unknown properties according to this object model, and then test it with practice. When the theoretical prediction is consistent with the actual result of the object, it proves that the object model of mental reconstruction in the mind is consistent with the object itself. Practice is the purpose of cognition. The purpose of cognitive activity is not to know the activity itself, but to better transform the object and guide practice more effectively. The process of cognitive guidance and service practice is the process of realizing cognitive value. In a word, practice is the starting point and the destination of cognition. This is the basis of all understanding. Practical viewpoint is the primary and basic viewpoint of Marxist epistemology. When we study Marxist epistemology, we must first adhere to the viewpoint of practice first, establish the proper authority of practice, proceed from reality and respect practice, so as to fundamentally ensure that our thoughts and actions conform to the laws of the objective world and effectively transform the world. Only by respecting practice can we effectively oppose all forms of idealism. Overcome subjectivism, prevent fantasy from replacing reality, and cut real life with abstract principles. The dynamic reaction of cognition to practice is fully reflected in the great guiding role of theory as an advanced form of cognition. First of all, theory is an understanding of the nature and laws of things, which can and should be ahead of practice and guide the process of practical activities. Secondly, scientific theory can predict the future and correct the practice direction; Third, scientific theory, as a spiritual force, can promote people to innovate in practice. Lenin said: "Without revolutionary theory, there would be no revolutionary movement." Human cognition is a conceptual or theoretical relationship between the objective needs of social practice and the subject and object of practical activities. China's * * * production party led the people of China to carry out social movements in various historical periods of revolution, construction and reform, which could not be separated from the dialectical theory of understanding. Tomatoes are native to the dense forests of South America, but locals have always suspected that they are poisonous. They didn't dare to leave it or touch it, and gave it a scary name-"Wolf Peach". Until18th century, a French painter was determined to try it wholeheartedly. According to records, he put on mourning clothes before eating tomatoes and lay down after eating. There is no discomfort. Later, after analysis and identification, it was found that tomatoes contain a lot of vitamins and are extremely rich in nutrition. Therefore, their fame spread far and wide and spread to China. In fact, many foods and medicines in the world are known only after people have tasted bitterness and sweetness. Mr. Lu Xun once said, "Many historical lessons were exchanged with great sacrifices"! For example, if you eat something, you can't eat some poison. However, this must be known after how many people have died before. Comrade Mao Zedong once pointed out: "If you want knowledge, you must take part in the practice of changing reality. If you want to know the taste of pear dolls, you have to eat them yourself. " Everything we know now is obtained through the practice of many people. Only through teaching practice can we sum up the truth of educating people. We have experience in managing factories. Only in this way can we have the knowledge to manage the factory. Humans know the history of development, just like a relay race. Each generation takes the end of the previous generation's knowledge as the starting point of their own knowledge, and then adds the new knowledge gained in practice to the treasure house of human knowledge. Social practice has gradually developed from low level to high level, and people's knowledge is getting richer and richer. Practice is the basis of knowledge, which comes from practice and in turn serves practice. This is the dialectical relationship between cognition and practice.