From 1949 to 1978, the history of electric power in China has three stages: the Ministry of Fuel Industry, the Ministry of Electric Power Industry and the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power. At the stage of the Ministry of Fuel and the Ministry of Electric Power Industry, the power management is centralized; When I arrived at the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power, electric power and water resources experienced two different kinds of management: decentralization and centralization, but both of them could not get rid of a curse-one point will be chaotic and the other will be dangerous.
1, the period of the Ministry of Fuel Industry (1949- 1955). After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), under the leadership of the central government, centralized control and unified regulation of electric power were implemented. The Ministry of Electric Power Industry was established. But at that time, the Ministry of Electric Power Industry could only directly manage a few power plants, most of which were military officers. Managed by the local military region.
1950 or so, military power plants around the country gradually returned power to the Ministry of Electric Power Industry. The Ministry of Electric Power Industry has set up six regional electric power management departments to centralize and monopolize the vertical management of electric power, and integrate government with enterprises.
2. The period of Ministry of Electric Power Industry (1955-1958). 1In July 1955, the National People's Congress unanimously abolished the old Ministry of Fuel Industry and established the Ministry of Coal, Electricity and Petroleum Industry. After the establishment of the Ministry of Electric Power Industry, auxiliary institutions were established in various places. Strengthen the management system. And concentrate part of the power of the water conservancy department. Thus forming a pattern of dual leadership of the central and local governments.
3. The period of Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power (1958- 1966). 1958, the party central Committee held a meeting to set the tone. We should vigorously develop water conservancy projects. In the long run, water conservancy is more important than electricity. So in line with the times, the Ministry of Water Resources and the Ministry of Electric Power merged into the Ministry of Electric Power Industry.
4. During the Cultural Revolution (1966-1978). 1966 After the Cultural Revolution, the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power implemented martial law again, and the power management once again fell into local hands. 1970, official end. The Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power is led by the Revolutionary Committee. 1975, the Revolutionary Committee ended its leadership and the power was restored to the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power again.
The destruction of power caused by the Cultural Revolution fulfilled the curse of chaos. It has caused almost irreversible damage to China electric power industry.
After the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power 1975 resumed power supply, Premier Zhou proposed to speed up the development of electric power industry. Set things right for the power industry of the motherland, and the power industry has since been re-centralized.
Second, the second stage, crossing the river by feeling the stones (1979- 1997)
From 65438 to 0978, after the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, China's electric power industry system entered a period of reform and exploration. During this period, the central electric power management department experienced four changes, namely, the establishment of the Ministry of Electric Power Industry for the second time, the establishment of the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power for the second time, the establishment of the Ministry of Energy for the third time, and the establishment of the Ministry of Electric Power Industry for the third time. In the reform of power industry management system. I studied the overall economic responsibility system, decentralization, self-financing, power maintenance and other programs, and finally established Huaneng Group and regional power groups. The electric power reform in this period was carried out in the direction of the principle of electric power system reform put forward by the State Council, that is, separating government from enterprises, combining provincial power networks, unified dispatching, and raising funds to run electric power.
1, Second Establishment of the Ministry of Electric Power Industry (1979-1982)1979 In February, the State Council decided to cancel the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power and set up the Ministry of Electric Power Industry and the Ministry of Water Resources. This is the second time that China has established the Ministry of Electric Power Industry.
2. The Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power was established for the second time (1982-1988)1982. In March, the Fourth Session of the Fifth National People's Congress merged the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power again. After this merger, we will draw lessons from the past and continue to develop in the direction of centralization and unification of the power industry.
During the period of Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council attached great importance to the reform and development of the electric power industry. 1in may, 986, the State Council held a meeting to study the system reform of the electric power industry. In June, the power system reform group put forward the report of "Reform Plan for Accelerating the Development of Power Industry (Draft)", and put forward five reform measures and five policies. 1987 September 14, Vice Premier Li Peng put forward the principle of power industry system reform, that is, separation of government from enterprise, integration of power grid and province, unified dispatching, raising funds to run power "and the policy of adapting to local conditions. Prior to this, the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power has put forward suggestions on overall responsibility system, decentralization, self-financing and power maintenance. 1 From July 65438 to July1day, 1988, East China Power Grid System Reform was piloted, and East China Power Corporation and Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui Power Companies were established respectively. At the same time, the names of East China Electric Power Administration and Provincial (city) Electric Power Industry Bureau will be retained, and dual-track operation will be implemented to create conditions for separating government from enterprises.
The reform and development of electric power industry need to match the corresponding reform of electric power investment system. During this period, the biggest change in the investment system of electric power construction is from appropriation to loan; Because the electricity price is seriously low, in order to solve the problem of insufficient power investment, measures such as establishing power construction fund, selling power rights and raising funds to run electricity are mainly taken. In power construction, in order to save investment, generally reduce the construction cost and shorten the construction period; Investment responsibility system and bidding system for capital construction projects. In order to make up for the lack of investment, the power industry also took the lead in using foreign capital to set up Huaneng International Power Development Corporation. Issue power construction bonds and appropriately increase power depreciation. These measures have broken the situation of exclusive power supply, appeared the situation of multi-channel and diversified investment in power supply, and accelerated the development of power industry.
3. The period of the Ministry of Energy (1988- 1993)
1988 In May, the first meeting of the Seventh National People's Congress decided to abolish the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power, and merge the management of the electric power industry into the newly established Ministry of Energy to undertake the functions of electric power administration and enterprise management. On May 22nd, 1988, the Ministry of Energy was formally established. In February of the same year, China Electric Power Enterprise Federation was established, and electric power group companies and provincial electric power companies were established on the basis of provincial electric power administration and electric power industry bureau. Thus, the separation of administrative management, enterprise management and industry self-discipline management functions in the power industry has been initially realized, and the reform of power management system has taken a solid step.
The earliest group company was China Huaneng Group Corporation. China Huaneng Group Corporation. China Huaneng Group Corporation. China Huaneng Group Corporation is a multi-functional comprehensive enterprise group owned by the whole people, which integrates industry, finance, trade, science and technology and service. Nine companies, including Huaneng International Power Development Corporation, Huaneng Power Generation Corporation, Huaneng Clean Coal Corporation, Huaneng Raw Materials Corporation, China (Huaneng) Engineering Technology Development Corporation, Huaneng Technology Development Corporation, Huaneng Finance Corporation, Huaneng Comprehensive Utilization Corporation, Huaneng Industrial Development Service Corporation, and four other companies, including Huadian Technology Development Corporation, Huadian Comprehensive Utilization Development Corporation, Huadian Engineering Construction Corporation and Huadian South (Group), were jointly established. This company is jointly managed by the Ministry of Energy and the State Planning Commission, mainly the Ministry of Energy. Is 1988 the first group company established in China electric power industry.
The corporatization reorganization of regional and provincial power industries is divided into two steps. In the first step, from 1988 to 1990, the regional power bureau was reorganized into a joint power company, and the provincial power industry bureau was reorganized into a provincial power company. The State Council electric power industry management system reform plan clearly stipulates that provincial electric power companies and United electric power companies are legal entities with independent accounting and self-financing. The asset relationship of each power generation and power supply unit in the power grid remains unchanged. The United Power Company is under the centralized management of the Ministry of Energy and listed separately in the national plan. The provincial power bureau of non-inter-provincial power grid should be gradually transformed into a provincial power company, operating independently, under the dual leadership of the Ministry of Energy and the provincial people's government, and entrusted to exercise local power industry management functions. The reform plan requires the company to implement and improve various forms of contract management responsibility system, gradually implement joint-stock system, and adopt a lump-sum approach to electricity sales and material consumption wages. Independent power plants can conduct independent accounting, sign economic contracts with the power grid and accept unified dispatching of the power grid. Dependent power plants are subject to existing regulations. This reform was basically completed in June 1990.
The second step, from the end of 199 1 to 1993, set up a large power enterprise group. 19911214 the State Council approved the first batch of 55 large enterprise groups, including 7 from the Ministry of Energy, including 6 from electric power, namely Huaneng Group, North China Electric Power Group, Northeast Electric Power Group, East China Electric Power Group, Central China Electric Power Group and Northwest Electric Power Group, all of which are trans-regional electric power enterprise groups. 19921June 10, the Ministry of Energy reported to the State Planning Commission, the State Commission for Economic Restructuring and the the State Council Economic and Trade Office that it agreed to set up Northeast, East, North and Central China Power Groups in China, and then submitted a letter agreeing to set up Northwest Power Group. After examination, it passed the examination on June 1993 10.
4. The Ministry of Electric Power Industry was established for the third time (1993- 1997)
1In March 1993, the First Session of the Eighth National People's Congress passed a resolution to abolish the Ministry of Energy for the third time and establish the Ministry of Electric Power Industry. The guiding ideology of the State Council's approval of the establishment of the Ministry of Electric Power is: separating government from enterprises, vigorously simplifying administration and decentralizing power, changing from departmental management to industry management, and strengthening planning, coordination, supervision and service functions; Streamline internal organization and establishment, rationally allocate functions and improve macro-management level; Seek truth from facts, make a smooth transition, and rationally divert wealthy people. It is required to decentralize and transfer the functions of personnel, finance, materials and management of enterprises and strengthen macro-management functions under the guidance of the principle of separating government from enterprises, taking the power grid as a province, unified dispatching, raising funds to run electricity and adapting the power grid to local conditions. Because the documents approved by the State Council clearly require support for the five major power groups, the Electric Power Administration and the Provincial Electric Power Administration still maintain the current system, and the system reform of the electric power industry has not changed significantly during the period of the Ministry of Electric Power Industry.
After the establishment of the Ministry of Electric Power Industry, the China Federation of Electric Power Enterprises will remain as a joint organization of electric power enterprises and institutions in China, with the same nature and centralized management by the Ministry of Electric Power. Huaneng Group implements a dual leadership system with the Ministry of Electric Power as the mainstay and the State Planning Commission as the supplement. In addition, on the basis of Gezhouba Engineering Bureau, Gezhouba Group Company was established.
In order to ensure the smooth construction of the Three Gorges Project, the State Council decided on1October 3 1993 to set up the the State Council Three Gorges Project Construction Committee and China Yangtze Three Gorges Project Development Corporation to be fully responsible for the construction and operation of the Three Gorges Project. 1994 12 14, the Three Gorges Project officially started construction.
After the establishment of the Ministry of Electric Power Industry, according to the regulations of the State Economic Restructuring Commission and other departments on the pilot measures for joint-stock enterprises, 1993 issued the Interim Provisions on the pilot of joint-stock enterprises in the electric power industry, stipulating that both power grid enterprises and power generation enterprises can carry out joint-stock transformation, and with the consent of the competent authorities, they can issue stocks and bonds outside the country (territory) if conditions permit; However, the shareholding system of power grid companies (power enterprises integrating power generation and power supply) should take public ownership as the main body to ensure the holding position of power group companies and provincial (autonomous regions and municipalities) power companies in enterprises. 1On August 4th, 994, Shandong Huaneng Power Generation Co., Ltd. was listed on NYSE, becoming the first large-scale power enterprise in China to be directly listed in new york. Subsequently, a large number of power generation enterprises in China listed at home and abroad.
After 30 years of hitting a wall and 20 years of crossing the river by feeling the stones, China electric power industry has finally embarked on the road of stable development. By 20 13, SERC was merged into the Energy Bureau. The power grid has been split into national power grid and southern power grid. It has embarked on a rational development path of decentralization to the market and separation of government from enterprise. Name of Building-Electric Power Staff School
1950 In September, Dapen Hutong Electric Power Workers School in Xicheng District, Beijing was established, which was under the management of the General Administration of Electric Power of the Central Fuel Industry.
195 1 September, electric power workers' school moved to Tianjin and became a "part" of Tianjin industrial school.
1June, 952, the electric power workers' school established a new campus next to Guangtong Temple outside Xizhimen, Beijing.
First name change-Beijing Electric Industry School
1September, 952, the electric power workers' school moved back to the new campus from Tianjin, and was renamed Beijing Electric Power Industry School, which was under the management of the Central Fuel Industry and Electric Power Administration.
The second name change-Beijing Electric Power Industry School
1953 In May, Beijing Electric Power Industry School was renamed Beijing Electric Power Industry School, which was under the management of the General Administration of Electric Power Industry of the Central Ministry of Fuel Industry.
The Third Renaming-Beijing Electric Power School
1953 10, Beijing Electric Power Industry School was renamed Beijing Electric Power School, which was managed by the General Administration of Electric Power of the Central Ministry of Fuel Industry.
The fourth name change-Beijing Electric Power University
1958 10 10 On October 4th, Beijing Institute of Electric Power was established in Xiaguan, Xizhimen. Beijing Electric Power School was changed to the technical secondary school of Beijing Electric Power Institute, and the technical secondary school was relatively independent the following year. Both Beijing Electric Power Institute and Beijing Electric Power Institute are directly controlled by the General Administration of Electric Power Industry of the Central Ministry of Fuel Industry and managed by the Institute.
1959 February 2 1 day, Beijing electric power institute was managed by the Ministry of water and electricity.
19601June 15, Beijing electric power institute built a new campus in Siyazi, Xiaoying, Qinghe, Haidian, Beijing, and moved to Qinghe campus1960 in February, which was under the management of the Ministry of Water and Electricity. The technical secondary school was completely separated and remained in the same place, which reactivated the name of Beijing Electric Power School.
Since September, 196 1 4 1 teachers, 230 students and teaching equipment of Harbin Institute of Technology Power Plant and its power system, high voltage technology, power economy and enterprise organization have been transferred to Beijing Electric Power Institute as a whole, and then 10 graduate students majoring in power generation self-integration have been transferred to become 65438-0964 The major of High Voltage Technology and Power Plant Chemistry of Beijing Electric Power University was merged into Wuhan University of Water Resources and Electric Power.
From 65438 to 0965, Beijing Electric Power University trained four Vietnamese students majoring in economics and organization of electric power industry arranged by the Ministry of Education, becoming the first batch of international students enrolled by the school.
1969165438+10.7, in order to meet the needs of national war preparedness, Beijing electric power institute moved to Yuecheng Reservoir in Handan, Hebei Province, and the rest of Beijing Xiaoying was set up with a rear office. Signal soldiers 4 19 entered Xiaoying campus.
The Fifth Rename-Hebei Electric Power Institute
197010 June 17, Beijing electric power institute was moved from Handan to Baoding and renamed Hebei electric power institute. Under the dual leadership of the Ministry of Water and Electricity and Hebei Province, the province is given priority to.
1978 In September, Hebei Electric Power Institute was renamed North China Electric Power Institute, and the school was led by the Ministry of Water and Electricity and Hebei Province. 1988 after the establishment of the Ministry of energy, north China electric power institute was managed by the Ministry of energy.
The Sixth Renaming-North China Electric Power Institute
1978 In September, Hebei Electric Power Institute was renamed North China Electric Power Institute, and the school was led by the Ministry of Water and Electricity and Hebei Province.
1978, North China Electric Power University resumed enrolling graduate students.
1On February 5th, 979, the Ministry of Water and Electricity approved the establishment of graduate department, Beijing, North China Electric Power Institute in the remaining school building of the former site of Xiaoying, Qinghe, Beijing. The Ministry is jointly established by North China Electric Power Institute and Electric Power Research Institute of Ministry of Water and Electricity, with North China Electric Power Institute as the main body.
After the Regulations on Academic Degrees in People's Republic of China (PRC) was implemented in19810, North China Electric Power University awarded the first batch of master's degrees to three majors (power system and its automation, power station engineering and theoretical electrician) in September 1982. The school began to recruit the first batch of engineering masters from 1984.
198 1 year 1 year 1 year established the correspondence department of adult education according to the instruction of the Ministry of Water and Electricity, and 199 1 year awarded bachelor's degrees to adult education students.
1983 10 With the approval of the State Education Commission, on the basis of the Institute of Water Resources and Electric Power Cadre, Beijing graduate department Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower, Beijing Water Resources and Hydropower School, and Kinetic Energy Economic Research Institute of Electric Power Research Institute of Ministry of Water and Electricity, some personnel were transferred from North China Electric Power Institute to form Beijing Institute of Water Resources and Electric Power Economics Management. Beijing Institute of Water Conservancy and Electric Power Economics and Management is led by the Ministry of Water and Electricity and Beijing Municipality, with the Ministry of Water Resources as the main body. On June 1984, 1, Beijing Xiaoying Campus was divided into two, and half of the campus was allocated to the School of Management of the Ministry of Electronics (that is, the signal corps 4 19 enrolled in 1969).
1On July 23rd, 1985, the Ministry of Water and Electricity approved the establishment of Beijing Water Conservancy and Electric Power Management Cadre College on the basis of Beijing graduate department of North China Electric Power University, and it was listed on July 24th of the same year. North China Electric Power Institute, Beijing graduate department and Beijing Water Conservancy and Electric Power Management Cadre College jointly run a school, which is managed by North China Electric Power Institute. 1August 1990, the Ministry of Energy approved the integration of Beijing Institute of Water Conservancy and Electric Power Management and Beijing Institute of Water Conservancy and Electric Power Economics Management, and renamed it Beijing Institute of Electric Power Management on 1992.
1On July 28th, 1986, the State Council Academic Degrees Committee approved North China Electric Power University as the doctoral degree awarding unit, and the specialty of power system and automation was granted the right to confer doctoral degrees, and approved Yang as the first doctoral supervisor of the school.
1986 10, North China Electric Power University built a new campus covering an area of 233 mu in Baoding Han Zhuang Township and put it into use on 19 1 September.
1In September, 1990, the Ministry of Energy decided to merge Beijing Institute of Water Conservancy and Electric Power Economics and Management, Beijing Institute of Water Conservancy and Electric Power Management and Beijing graduate department of North China Electric Power University, thus forming four blocks in Beijing: dingfuzhuang in the eastern suburb, Qinghe campus, Xijiao campus and Zhuxinzhuang campus under construction. Xijiao Branch/KLOC-0 was placed under the management of the Ministry of Water Resources in September, 1992, and it evolved into four blocks in Beijing: dingfuzhuang in the eastern suburb, Qinghe Campus, Beijing Institute of Water Conservancy and Electric Power Economics and Zhuxinzhuang Campus under construction. 1October 22nd 1992 changed its name to Beijing Institute of Electric Power Economics and moved to Zhuxinzhuang Campus.
1992, after the cancellation of the Ministry of Energy, North China Institute of Electric Power and Beijing Institute of Electric Power Economics were managed by the Ministry of Electric Power.
The seventh name change-North China Electric Power University
1995 With the approval of the former State Education Commission, North China Electric Power University and Beijing Institute of Electric Power Economics merged to form North China Electric Power University, with its headquarters in Baoding and Beijing separated.
In March 2003, North China Electric Power University was placed under the management of the Ministry of Education from the former State Power Company, and officially became a university directly under the Ministry of Education. It is jointly established by the board of directors and the Ministry of Education, and consists of seven large power enterprise groups, including State Grid Corporation, China Southern Power Grid Co., Ltd., China Huaneng Group Corporation, China Datang Corporation, china huadian corporation, China State Power Corporation and China Power Investment Corporation.
In September, 2005, North China Electric Power University was officially included in the "2 1 1" project of the Tenth Five-Year Plan.
North China Electric Power School was changed from Baoding to Beijing.
From June 5438 to October 2005, with the approval of the Ministry of Education, the campus of North China Electric Power University was changed from Baoding to Beijing, and another campus of North China Electric Power University (Baoding) was established. The two places implement substantive integrated management.