Instruct the association to organize and implement the functions and powers stipulated in the articles of association, and all examinations and examination methods should be conducted fairly, justly, meticulously and rigorously, with a view to selecting talents without any burden. However, in recent days, the staff of this association have received many letters recommended by comrades from all walks of life. They are a little selfish, do not think about the public, and violate the purpose of this organization. They also violate the spirit of independence of examination rights in the five-power constitution, causing many drawbacks. They pray for faith and are friendly and considerate to all law-abiding comrades.
1924 In the spring, China was under the dark rule of the warlord regime, and Cao Kun just became president through bribery. The Beiyang warlord government was in civil strife and the people were in dire straits. On March 29th, students from schools and mass organizations in Beijing held demonstrations, demanding that the Beijing warlord government unconditionally recognize the Soviet Union. When the bad news of Lenin's death came, Guangzhou held a grand and solemn memorial service. The whole country is witnessing the enthusiastic support of young people for the policy of reunifying Russia. They regard Guangzhou as the source of the national revolution and a ray of hope for China under the dark rule. Guangzhou has attracted thousands of patriotic young people to the south, proud of being admitted to the Whampoa Military Academy and determined to serve the country.
Under the reactionary rule of Zhao Hengti, Hunan, under the banner of joint provincial autonomy, was actually attached to the rule of Beiyang warlords. In this context, the organizations of the Kuomintang in China and the * * * production party in China cannot be made public, so the recruitment of students in Huangpu Military Academy is also conducted in secret. Mao Zedong and He Shuheng returned to the Central Hunan District Committee after attending the First National Congress of the Kuomintang in Guangzhou. They actively put forward requirements to grass-roots party organizations, and took the time to recommend outstanding party member and progressive young people to enter military schools. Children of Sanxiang, He, Chen Geng, Shimen Progressive Youth King, Zheng Dongguo; A large number of enthusiastic athletes such as Liu Kan and Liu Ming from Taoyuan signed up. At that time, the composition topic of the exam was "Try to Talk about the Willingness to Enter the Whampoa Military Academy", but I didn't take the math and physics exams. After the exam, He Shuheng enrolled 15 students according to the regulations of Whampoa Military Academy, and prepared 3 others, and ordered them to arrive in Hankou secretly by train, then take a boat to Shanghai to meet Commissioner Mao Zedong, and then take part in the second interview in Shanghai.
Scholars from Bashan Shushui, the north and south of Ganjiang River, the land of Sanjin, Qilu's hometown, the east and west of Jingzhou, the northern Shaanxi Plateau, the banks of the Yellow River, the front and back of the Yangtze River, and Zhejiang and Fujian provinces all went south to Guangzhou, "Go to Huangpu!" At that time, it became the most desirable slogan of revolutionary youth. He was introduced by Dong Jing, director of the Agriculture and Industry Division of the Organization Department of Hubei Provincial Party Committee, and directly sought Liao's admission. More than 20 candidates, including Chen Geng, just boarded the Guangzhou Wharf on a messy ferry from Swire Company, and they were excited to inquire about the enrollment address of Whampoa Military Academy, but they found the wrong school. Xu (Xu) bid farewell to his parents in June 1924+0 and invited several students from Wutai Bailongting to apply in Shanghai in the cold. After attending the second interview in Guangzhou, Xu achieved good results in politics and composition. Mathematics is almost blank because it has no foundation. Several fellow villagers are also cold because of their poor exam results. Everyone had to squat in a small hotel every day, waiting for news and discussing what to do. Some people say that if they fail to pass the exam, they will "sell piglets", go abroad to work as coolies, or work-study programs. The places they wanted to go were Russia and France. Before long, I suddenly received a notice that several of their fellow villagers in Shanxi were accepted by the Admissions Committee. At that time, there were not many young people applying in the north. In order to take care of the remote candidates in the northwest, Sun Yat-sen paid special attention to the young people in the north. In this case, 22-year-old Xu has the opportunity to become a student of the first team of Huangpu Military Academy.
Chen Geng, Song Xilian and Li Moan, young people from Xiangxiang, Hunan Province, went to Guangzhou together after their initial admission from Changsha Yucai Middle School. Chen Mingren, Zuo Quan, Xiao Zanyu, Cai Shengxi, Li Rengan, Su et al. Arrive in Guangzhou by boat. Xiao Zanyu wrote a masterpiece and gave Su a unique poem on the boat: "The young man yearned for the final army and waded across Wan Liyun." The vast China is in chaos, and we can sweep away the smoke with our huge arms. "The heroism in the poem greatly inspired their aspirations. They went to the military and political martial arts school run by the Grand Marshal's office. The school was sponsored by Cheng Qian and later merged into Huangpu Military Academy. The students were incorporated into the sixth team in the first stage. Chen Mingren went to Huangpu to report to Chiang Kai-shek. Later, Cheng Qian learned that he ordered the whole school to gather teachers and students, and Chen Mingren was fined three hundred. Zhou Guanhong, supervised by Major General School, personally executed it, and Chen Mingren was beaten flat on the ground. Later, Chen Mingren joked: "After entering the Whampoa Military Academy, it's worth getting 300 sticks. "
Hu Zongnan, a candidate from Xiaofeng, Zhejiang Province, was almost rejected by the Huangpu Admissions Committee because of her short stature. Fortunately, Liao took a fancy to him and relaxed his admission, so he was lucky enough to become the first batch of students in Huangpu. When Zheng Dongguo from Shimen, Hunan Province arrived in Guangzhou, because the first registration date of Huangpu Military Academy had passed, Shengyang He, a fellow countryman, sighed and said, "I have to stay in Guangzhou and wait for the second enrollment." Zheng Dongguo was at a loss and deeply regretted not being able to leave a few days earlier. Just when he was sad, Huang Ao, a fellow villager in Linli, Hunan, said, "I have an idea. I don't know if I can try? " Zheng Dongguo was overjoyed and asked, "What should I do?" Huang Ao told him the truth. It turned out that when he first arrived in Guangzhou, he was afraid that he would not take the exam once, so he applied twice. Who wants to be admitted in the first exam, and there is still a vacancy? It is suggested that Zheng Dongguo take the exam in the name of Huang Ao. Zheng Dongguo wanted to think, think there is no other way, decided to give it a try. As a result, Zheng Dongguo passed the exam easily. At the same time, Wang He was admitted. Fortunately, Zheng Dongguo and Huang Ao are in the second team. When the district captain called the roll, two Huang Ao appeared, which made the students laugh. Fake Huang Ao Zheng Dongguo couldn't hide it any longer, so he had to confide the truth to the mid-team leader and request to re-enter the entrance examination. But the school understood and restored Zheng Dongguo's real name. From then on, Zheng was relieved. The second team includes Huang Wei, Yu Jishi, Li Yannian, Gui Yongqing, Zhou Shidi, Zhan Yi and Li Zhilong. , have become famous war generals of the two parties.
Du, a native of Mizhi, Shaanxi, just got married and is on his honeymoon. Suddenly, he saw the job advertisement of Guangzhou Huangpu Military Academy in the progressive magazine "New Youth". Regardless of the tenderness of the newlyweds, he resolutely invited Guan, Deng 1 1 people from Shaanxi to embark on a trip to the south. They stayed in Shaanxi guild hall. Seeing that there were more than 1,000 candidates, Du was afraid that he would fail in the exam. He signed a letter to Yu Youren, a Kuomintang veteran and former commander-in-chief of Shaanxi National Army, asking for help. Half a month later, I received a reply from Yu Youren, and Jodu and others met at the hotel. Wan Li, who met a young man from his hometown thousands of miles away, joined the army with many words of encouragement and expressed his willingness to recommend him. On April 28th, Du, Guan, Ma, Dong Zhao, Ma Shigong, Du Yuchang and others 1 1 were on the list, which was of course related to Yu Youren's sponsorship. Yu Youren, who was thirsty for sage, sent Du Yi a handwritten banner when he left: "The peace of the world is the most important, and the hearts of saints are the most lenient." Guan, formerly known as Guan Zhidao, a native of Huxian County, Shaanxi Province, dropped out of school due to family changes and was worried about the hopeless future. Suddenly, he heard a friend say, "Sun Yat-sen started a revolution in Guangzhou and set up an officer school." Yu Youren secretly enrolled students in Shanghai, got two registration cards and wrote two names. Besides me, there is another Wu, but Wu is too far away to go. If you want to leave, change Wu to Guan. I'm very happy to hear that. He immediately left Xi 'an for Shanghai with 25 silver dollars raised by his father and his friends. He turned to Guangzhou and Guanzhi Road was renamed Guan. 15 later, Guan's name resounded through the anti-Japanese battlefield and became the famous "Guan Tiequan".
1 In the spring of 924, atNo. Huanlong Road1,Mao Zedong was responsible for receiving students from all over the country to apply for the second interview of Huangpu Military Academy. Shanghai includes Hunan, and he has no care for his fellow villagers in Hunan. "Memories of Whampoa Military Academy Fragments" written by Guo introduced: "Of the 18 Hunan candidates who came to Shanghai for re-examination, only 8 were selected. Mao Zedong has a solid foundation in Chinese, so the articles he screened are excellent. " One of the "Three Masters of Huangpu", 192 10 met in Hengyang in June, and was introduced by Mao to join the producer party of China. 19 19 Jiang Gangman 19 years old, leading the May 4th Movement in Hengyang and serving as the director-general of Hunan Student Union. Jiang Xianyun is big and talented. Before going south to Guangzhou, Changsha, Hengyang and other places were covered with the wanted order of Shuikoushan Mine Police Barracks Department: "Jiang Xianyun, who is wanted for gathering people to make trouble in Shuikoushan Mine, offers a reward of 1000 yuan; Come to the Ministry for guidance and reward 500 yuan. "Jiang Xianyun is arranged by the party organization. He bid farewell to his lovestruck cousin and came to Guangzhou to apply for the Whampoa Military Academy. On March 29th, Guangdong Normal University was crowded, and 1200 candidates took part in the general re-examination here. Take a Chinese test first, and write a composition entitled "On the Causes of China's Weakness and the Way to Save it". Jiang Xianyun is a gifted scholar and a native of party member. He skillfully wrote a wonderful chapter on this composition topic, and he was the first to hand it in. Jiang Xianyun is an outstanding student in Hunan Third Normal University. As early as primary school, his composition was excellent. On one occasion, the teacher asked to use the word "moon" to make couplets. What Jiang Xianyun did was: "The waning moon is slanting to the west, sorrowful; The sun rises and the earth is red. "The teacher immediately criticized:" It is profound and unusual to show the scenery and embody the truth in the scenery. "Jiang Xianyun used to be the director of Anyuan Road Coal Mine Workers' Club. When he was engaged in the workers' movement, he developed a good eloquence, fluent writing and thorough reasoning. Therefore, it is not surprising that Jiang Xianyun won the first place in the entrance examination. It can be said that it is the first place.
He, a native of Yueyang, Hunan Province, became a pillar of the Kuomintang Renaissance Society. At the age of 2 1, he was elected as a representative to visit the Soviet Union and Russia by Wuhan Student Union. After returning to China, he taught in Wuchang No.1 Middle School. He once participated in the founding * * * meeting, but quit because of disagreement. Later, he came to Changsha to establish a civilian news agency, criticizing current politics, advocating democracy and revolution. He is one of the earliest Communist Youth League members in China. After his comrades Huang Yi and Pang led the Changsha workers' struggle and were killed by Zhao Hengti, the governor of Hunan Province, He risked his life and wrote the truth of Huang Pang's case with indignation, attacking Zhao Dajia. Zhao became angry from embarrassment and arrested He for more than three months. He was tortured in prison and almost died. After being released on bail pending trial, he returned to his hometown in Yueyang. His father advised him to teach at home and not to make trouble outside. He didn't listen, but he went to Wuhan to find him and introduced him to Shanghai, where he entered the Whampoa Military Academy. Arriving at the Shanghai Ship Terminal, he didn't expect that the ship full of passengers had just left the river and headed for Guangzhou. He immediately hired a small sampan to chase after him. Fortunately, with the help of a boatman, one of the candidates of Whampoa Military Academy at that time, he was able to climb aboard. He asked the name of the boatman who helped him, only to know that it was Hu Zongnan. Later, at the Whampoa Military Academy, they were like brothers and had a deep personal relationship. Thanks to Hu Zongnan's help, Han Zhongcai didn't miss the exam, which also called him to seize an excellent opportunity. Later, although his career was successful, his career was bleak because he could not get the trust of the principal. Hu Zongnan, who is not tall, has become a pivotal "Northwest King" with the advantages of fellow villagers in Zhejiang. Xu, a native of Lu 'an, Anhui Province, is a student of Anhui First Normal School. He used to be a member of the Standing Committee of the Provincial Federation of Students and the head of the Liaison Department. 1923 was wanted by the reactionary authorities in the autumn, and he was forced to flee to Shanghai because he actively participated in and led a series of student movements against bribery in the third parliament of Anhui Province and expelled Li, the governor of Anhui Province. In the spring of 1924, he resolutely went south to Guangzhou, where he was admitted to the Whampoa Military Academy, and later became the commander of the Red 1 Army. He was one of the famous military generals in the early days of the Party.
It would be wrong to say that Huangpu Military Academy only recruits young intellectuals. For the sake of revolution, many officers in important positions at that time also wanted to enter Huangpu Military Academy. For example, the famous captain of Zhongshan Ship is more talented and courageous than He He. This young man 15 years old was admitted to Wuchang Foreign Languages Institute. /kloc-at the age of 0/9, he entered Yantai Naval Academy to study military affairs. 192 1 met Chen Duxiu in Shanghai and joined China producers' party in Wuhan in August of the same year. At the beginning of 1924, Li Zhilong was appointed as the executive member of Hankou prefectural committee. After the "First National Congress" of the Kuomintang, he was ordered to be transferred to Guangzhou as the English translator and secretary of Bao Luoting, head of the Soviet advisory group. At that time, he was over 27 years old. Compared with Song Xilian and Hu Zongnan, he is a big brother. Li Zhilong urged to study in Huangpu Military Academy. Later, the party organization arranged for him to be a student and an interpreter while teaching in Bao Luoting. He is a senior in Huangpu Phase I.. However, on his resume, he said that he was 25 years old. In fact, Li Zhilong was born in February 1897. 1On February 8th, 928, Chen Ce, commander of the 4th Fleet of Guangzhou Kuomintang Navy, sentenced Li Zhilong to death for "instigating naval rebellion" and spilled blood in Huanghuagang, Guangzhou, at the age of 3 1. Li Zhilong died a terrible death. What a pity!
Among Huangpu candidates, Fan has the deepest qualifications. 1924 before entering whampoa military academy, he served as captain of Jiangping ship, chief of staff of Lieutenant Colonel Liu Zhenhuan of Gui Jun, minister of operations and commander of the Sixth Route Army. He would rather lose the commander's black hat and go to Huangpu as a student. Starting from the second lieutenant platoon leader after graduation, he is really a unique figure among Huangpu students! During the period of 1947, the deputy commander of the northeast "suppression general" of Jen Fan Kuomintang and the director of Jinzhou command post. Although defeated and captured, the legendary experience of his life is also quite intriguing. I won't list them for the time being, and leave them for later.
Of course, among Huangpu students, there are also many college students with insight. For example, Hou Jingru studied science at Henan University before entering Huangpu. Xuan Xiafu graduated from the Imperial University of Hokkaido, Japan, majoring in aquatic products, and was later assigned to the Whampoa Military Academy by the Party. Sun was selected by Li Dazhao and admitted to Huangpu. Before entering Huangpu, he studied politics at Beijing National University of Political Science and Law. Zhou Yiqun graduated from Huangpu Phase II. Before entering Huangpu, he graduated from the Department of Political Economy of Keio University in Tokyo. When I entered Huangpu, I wrote a poem: "I went to Yangcheng to learn the sword, only for Li Yuan." Isn't there a white blade that can forget the Qin dynasty that fought for 24 years? " ; Wu Zhonghao graduated from Peking University, so it can be seen that "those who want revolution will go to Huangpu! "How deeply rooted the slogan is! Intellectuals have become a pursuit and ideal of patriotic youth. Of course, there are also "back door" students. /kloc-when he was 0/8 years old, Yu Jishi was an apprentice in a rice shop in Fenghua. Later, he was introduced by his uncle Yu Feipeng, who was the director of the munitions department of Huangpu Military Academy and a fellow villager of Chiang Kai-shek. Yu Jishi became the deputy commander-in-chief of the Kuomintang ArmyNo. 10 and the bodyguard of Chiang Kai-shek after his successful career. After going to Taiwan Province, he served as the director of kmt chairman's office and was in power for a period of time.
Guangzhou became the center of China revolution, and young people from all over the world went south to apply for the Whampoa Military Academy, which became a fashion for a while. To support the success of Whampoa Military Academy, the Central Committee issued Document No.60 on June 1 65438+1October1day, and Document No.22 on June 1926. The circular requires local party organizations to send * * * party member, league members and leftist youths to attend the Whampoa Military Academy, stressing that "this matter is significant and cannot be ignored everywhere". Li Dazhao personally recommended Li Yunchang (Phase IV) and Zhou Zhongying (Phase VI) to enter the Whampoa Military Academy. Mao Zedong, the central organ of Sanzengli, Xiangshan Road, Zhabei, personally presided over the second interview of candidates. He Shuheng, Hunan and Yu Youren, Shaanxi spare no effort to select outstanding young people to join the Whampoa Military Academy. From the spring of 1924 to the end of 1926, Huang Wei, Li, Zhou Shidi, Liao, Peng Ganchen, Wang Shuming, Yan, Yuan Zhongxian, Jang Jin, Kuoqing Zeng, Zuo Quan, Qiu Qingquan, Liao Ang, Lu Deming, Qin Yizhi, Yu Sandu, Zheng Jiemin, Zhou Yiqun, Chang. Xiao Fang, Xie Jinyuan, Yan Ming, Zhang, Zhao Shangzhi,,, Qiu Hangxiang, Song, Xu Guangda, Zhang Pinghua, Zheng Tingyi, Zhao Yiman, Chen Bojun, Cheng, Dai Li, Liao Yaoxiang, Luo Ruiqing, Song Qiyun and Wang Chen successively stationed in Huangpu. Xu Guangda (that is, Xu Dehua), the fifth artillery graduate of Huangpu, Changsha, Hunan Province, was awarded the rank of national general in 192 1 year. In 1925, he was admitted to Changsha Normal School, joined the China * * * Production Youth League, and in September of the same year, he was transferred to China * * * Production Party, 6544. Before he left, he wrote a poem "Untitled" expressing lofty sentiments and swallowing mountains and rivers: "I swear to go out of the mountain. Brave, you can go to the gate of hell. Men are short of breath and full of pride. Hell is also lonely. " He will apply for the Whampoa Military Academy as the starting point to pursue the truth of life, even if he goes up the mountain into the sea of fire, he will do whatever it takes! Many outstanding * * * party member, * * youth league members and progressive youth have thus embarked on the revolutionary journey. ...
On March 27th, 1924, Guangzhou Guangdong University and Guangdong Teachers College presided over the first phase of entrance examination for students of Whampoa Military Academy respectively. More than 1200 candidates recommended by various places took part in the examination, which lasted for 3 days. The examination subjects included composition, mathematics, physics, chemistry and so on. Due to the good results of candidates, the admission quota was relaxed as appropriate, and there was no regret of burying talents. On April 28th, the list was released, and 350 people were admitted, and 120 people were admitted. * * * party member Jiang Xianyun ranked first with excellent results, which is really remarkable.