The employment problem of college students is even more serious. With the graduation of the first batch of students after the enrollment expansion in colleges and universities, the situation this year is even more pessimistic, with unbalanced supply and demand and prominent structural contradictions. It is estimated that the demand for social employment has not increased this year, which is basically the same as in previous years, but the number of college graduates has increased by 470 thousand compared with last year. Among them, there are more than 700,000 college graduates, a significant increase over last year. Relevant experts pointed out that the main employment channels for college graduates will be grass-roots and small and medium-sized enterprises, and suggested that employment expectations should be reduced as soon as possible according to the overall situation of talent supply and demand. At the same time, relevant departments should cancel all kinds of artificial restrictions on students' employment as soon as possible to create a good employment environment for college graduates. At the same time, there are many favorable conditions for college graduates to find jobs. It is predicted that in the next five years, China's economy will continue to grow at a rate of around 7%, and more than 5.6 million new jobs will be created each year. After China's entry into the WTO, the demand for high-level talents will increase, which is conducive to the employment of college students.

2. The main and fundamental reasons for college students' employment difficulties

There are many reasons why college students are "difficult to find jobs". On the one hand, students expect too much from their work goals. On the other hand, a large number of mainland graduates have flooded into the southeast coastal cities, and the employment situation is even more severe. Nowadays, the employment difficulty of college students is not only a hot topic of social concern and media attention, but also contains the wisdom of academic theory and the explanation of benevolence. Today's social trend, we college students must put down the respect that "the son of heaven is spoiled" and treat employment correctly and rationally. Analyzing the difficulty of college students' employment, although the imbalance between university enrollment expansion and labor market demand is a major reason, considering that college graduates only account for 5% of China's labor force and the demand of economic growth for future variable quality labor force, it is in line with the long-term development requirements of society to train more college students. The problem is that in the short term, the labor market for college students appears. The "imbalance between supply and demand" deeply reflects two imbalances in our rapid development. First, the structure of economic growth is unbalanced, and there is a dilemma that economic growth is out of touch with future growth. For example, the rise in housing prices has also made the cultivation, transformation and growth of the tertiary industry in the city slow. The elasticity coefficient of the tertiary industry is as high as 0.57, which is much higher than 0.34 of the secondary industry, so the employment elasticity coefficient is obviously decreased. Second, the regional imbalance of social development. Although the strategy of "western development" is helpful to alleviate this imbalance in the long run. However, in the short term, the reform of individualization of higher education investment has actually brought about an increase in the cost of employment opportunities, making graduates' employment choices concentrated in economically developed cities along the southeast coast. When all graduates' employment focuses on directionality and selectivity, there will be a short-term and structural labor supply surplus.

The difficulty of college students' employment is also due to the fact that some employment stocks in the existing system, such as universities, government agencies and scientific research institutions, have not made the choice of labor marketization, which leads to the failure of market and employment signals, so that the labor market signals of college students' employment difficulties are amplified. However, considering that the scale of university graduation will expand in the next few years, even without considering the financial payment pressure, the employment solution strategy of "circular substitution" within the system can only play an auxiliary role and cannot be the fundamental choice to solve the problem. There are many reasons why it is difficult for college students to find jobs. Among them, the failure of information leads to the failure of supply and demand in time and affects the timely "turnover" of labor force, which is an important one. Therefore, an information search period is needed, and the establishment of a talent reserve center is conducive to solving this problem.

3. Analyze the causes of employment difficulties from the perspective of realistic economics.

The degree of economic development determines the number of jobs. From the national situation: "Every percentage point increase in GDP will provide jobs for millions of people. In China, the more economically developed areas, the more jobs there are, and the easier it is to solve the employment problem. The less jobs there are in economically underdeveloped areas, the more difficult the employment problem becomes. Second, with the widening gap between urban and rural areas, the economic income of different regions varies greatly. Due to the influence of economic interests, it is difficult for college students to choose the eastern and coastal areas for employment. As a result, poor areas need graduates with bachelor degree or above, but no one wants to go. Even graduates from poor areas would rather work in cities than return to their hometown for employment. Third, in recent years, there has been a craze for professional investigation in colleges and universities, which has led to a decline in teaching quality. At the same time, the construction of science in colleges and universities lags behind social and economic development, industrial structure adjustment, outdated professional knowledge, weak students' practical ability and insufficient competitiveness, which leads to employment difficulties. In addition, the expanding enrollment scale in recent years has rapidly transformed China's higher education from elite education to mass education, but the employment awareness of some college students and parents still stays in the elite education stage. High salary, white-collar workers and big cities are still the first choice for college students to choose jobs. From the macro and deep analysis, the current employment difficulties are only temporary difficulties in the process of economic transformation, which does not mean that there is a surplus of talents. Employment is directly related to the change of industrial structure and economic development cycle. When the economic growth of a country or region slows down, there will be underemployment, which will lead to employment difficulties. It is difficult for college students to find jobs after graduation, which should be analyzed from the macro background of the current underemployment in the whole society, rather than a single reason.

Four. Analysis of self-factors and structural factors

In fact, the social demand for college students' jobs every year is far greater than the actual number of graduates. Therefore, it is difficult for college students to find jobs, mainly due to their own factors and structural factors.

The so-called self-factor is mainly a problem of consciousness, which mainly means that college students are unwilling to go to the grassroots, leading to a waste of talents and a shortage of talents in some places. Obviously, there are structural contradictions here. To solve this contradiction, in addition to the national policy tilt, but also the correct mentality of college students. The most attractive thing in coastal areas is the soft environment such as open consciousness and advanced management system. In order to attract a large number of college students to work in the west and rural areas, the state should first introduce attractive policies to let people see broader development prospects. For example, at the job fair some time ago, it is understood that many graduates did not submit letters of recommendation, which caused this reason. I think apart from the graduates' own consciousness, there is "overcrowding" on the one hand and "extreme shortage of talents" on the other. If this "Matthew effect" is not fundamentally solved, the employment problem of college graduates will never be solved.

5. To solve this problem requires the joint efforts of the society and contemporary college students.

Today's college students' employment difficulties are a manifestation of the short-term imbalance between social transformation and high growth in China. Because these two short-term deep-seated imbalances are both economic and social, it is necessary to coordinate economic and social development and unify the strategic choice of "giving priority to employment", not only to change the structure of economic growth, but also to balance the gap between high economic growth level and employment, so as to solve the long-term employment problem of college students in China. At the same time, this strategic change also requires major adjustments to the strategic objectives of social and economic development and job creation. At the same time, we should adopt a positive social security policy and establish a phased unemployment relief and unemployment subsidy plan for individual college students.

Therefore, it is particularly important for college students to emancipate their minds and change their ideas. College students should change their employment concept, from "elite employment concept" to "mass employment concept", lower their employment expectations and "work first and then choose a job". Change the mindset that only the more developed coastal cities are considered, and they are unwilling to go to some small and medium-sized cities and remote areas. This shows that graduates need to change their ideas. At the same time, there are limited jobs in big cities, but there are still many jobs in many small cities, especially in the west. Relevant departments, especially schools, should start from themselves, improve their working methods and guide them. Create a reasonable employment environment.

Sixth, the specific strategies that contemporary college students should make in view of employment difficulties.

At present, there is a certain gap between college students and enterprises in employing people. The main reason is that the communication between college students and enterprises is not very smooth in a short time. As a result, the interview failed and no agreement was reached. At present, most enterprises regard professionalism as an important criterion for their selection, which is the necessary professional knowledge and skills and the basis for working in a certain field. For fresh graduates, efforts should be made to:

1) Get good grades and apply what you have learned.

2) Flexible mastery of professional knowledge and necessary professional skills, and understanding of professional frontier issues.

3) Enhance team awareness, communication skills and cooperation spirit.

4) Learn correct and effective social practice experience in time, enhance hands-on ability and improve their comprehensive quality.

Generally speaking, the employment difficulties of college students are mainly in three aspects: first, the grim situation of the international economy facing recession has increased the employment pressure of the whole society, and college graduates are not optimistic; Second, the number of graduates is growing rapidly, but the effective social demand is limited in the short term; Third, due to the long-term influence of the planned economy, graduates have biased employment concepts and high employment expectations. Its solution requires contemporary college students to change their ideas in time and actively adapt to society. Insufficient social employment is the most fundamental reason for college students' employment difficulties. Only by forming new industries can we create new jobs and fundamentally solve the problem of college students' employment difficulties.