First, the status quo and problems of higher vocational colleges
Higher vocational colleges refer to the secondary vocational education stage in higher education, and are higher education institutions that provide short-term vocational education, skills training and practical vocational skills training. In recent years, China's higher vocational education has developed rapidly, and its scale and quantity have been expanding, which has become an important part of China's higher education. But at the same time, higher vocational colleges are also facing a series of problems and challenges.
1. The account setting is unreasonable.
Higher vocational colleges are set up to cultivate high-quality applied talents with certain professional skills and practical experience. However, in reality, the subject setting in higher vocational colleges is too single, and most subjects are set up to train a specific professional. However, the employment market for these professionals is not broad. Once the market demand changes, higher vocational college graduates will face the situation of difficult employment.
2. The teacher is weak
There is a general shortage of teachers in higher vocational colleges, and the teaching level and practical experience of teachers need to be improved. At the same time, many excellent teachers choose to teach in universities instead of working in higher vocational colleges, which makes it difficult to guarantee the quality of education in higher vocational colleges.
3. Backward training facilities
The mode of education and teaching in higher vocational colleges is mainly practical teaching, and advanced training facilities are very important to the quality of education in higher vocational colleges. However, in fact, the training facilities in many vocational colleges are backward, which can not meet the teaching needs, resulting in imperfect vocational skills training for students.
4. The academic atmosphere is not strong
Higher vocational colleges are educational institutions that mainly cultivate vocational skills, but the academic atmosphere is a little thin, and the lack of academic atmosphere also limits students' interest in learning and the promotion of professional skills.
Second, the status quo of private colleges and universities and the future outlet of higher vocational colleges and private colleges.
In recent years, higher vocational colleges and private colleges have encountered many challenges and difficulties in their development. Faced with these problems, where are the outlets for higher vocational colleges and private colleges? This paper will analyze and discuss from the aspects of policy environment, school's own transformation, specialty setting and employment direction.
I. Policy environment
Policy environment is one of the important factors for the development of higher vocational colleges and private colleges. At present, the state is vigorously supporting vocational education and the development of private colleges and universities. From July 2065438 to July 2009, the State Council issued Opinions on Deepening the Reform and Innovation of Vocational Education, and put forward a series of important measures, including strengthening the construction and development of higher vocational colleges and vocational and technical colleges, and improving the teaching quality and personnel training level of vocational education. These policies and measures provide a strong guarantee for the development of higher vocational colleges and private colleges.
In addition, in recent years, the state's support for private colleges and universities is also increasing. For example, on 20 18, the State Council issued "Opinions on Further Strengthening and Standardizing the Work of Private Higher Education", clearly proposing to strengthen the support and supervision of private colleges and universities, and promote the standardized, healthy and sustainable development of private colleges and universities. These changes in policy environment have brought new opportunities and challenges to the development of higher vocational colleges and private colleges.
Second, the transformation of the school itself.
Self-transformation of higher vocational colleges and private colleges is one of the important directions of their development. Higher vocational colleges should transform and upgrade their school-running ideas, modes and teaching contents. In the concept of running a school, we should pay attention to the integration of production and education and build a talent training system that matches the actual needs of economic development. In the mode of running a school, we should explore innovative and diverse educational methods, such as online education and vocational skills training. The teaching content should be adjusted and improved according to market demand and students' employment direction, focusing on cultivating students' practical ability and professional quality, and improving teaching quality and education level.
The self-transformation of private colleges and universities is also one of the important directions of their development. Private colleges and universities should attach importance to discipline construction, promote the adjustment of disciplines and majors, and find a way out for higher vocational colleges and private colleges.
As two special groups in the current education system, higher vocational colleges and private colleges must actively respond to market competition and policy adjustment and find their own way out. Here are some possible directions.
1. Strengthen school-enterprise cooperation and improve the quality of personnel training.
For higher vocational colleges and private colleges, school-enterprise cooperation with enterprises is a very important way of cooperation. By establishing practice, practice and practice bases with enterprises, students can better understand the actual work situation and integrate into the work more quickly. At the same time, it can also improve the recognition of students by enterprises and increase employment opportunities. For higher vocational colleges and private colleges, strengthening school-enterprise cooperation is also conducive to their close ties with local enterprises, thus having more employment opportunities. At the same time, the school can build the practice base into a skills training center to provide continuing education and vocational training for local employees.
2. Actively promote the transformation of scientific research achievements.
Higher vocational colleges and private colleges can play a greater role in promoting scientific and technological innovation. Under the background of the rapid development of high-tech industries, higher vocational colleges and private colleges can actively promote the transformation of scientific research achievements, turn scientific research achievements into products or technologies, and further promote regional economic development. In this process, schools can work closely with enterprises to develop research results and turn them into practical applications, which can also bring more research funds and opportunities to schools.
3. Improve the quality and level of teaching.
As a part of higher education, higher vocational colleges and private colleges should always regard teaching quality and teaching level as the core elements of school development. Schools can improve teaching quality and teaching level by improving teaching facilities, improving the level and quality of teachers, and developing courses and training programs suitable for students, so as to attract more outstanding students to apply for the school. In addition, the school can also pay attention to discipline construction, open new majors and directions, increase discipline advantages, and improve visibility and influence.
4. Where is the way out for private colleges and universities?
With the gradual improvement of China's higher education system, private colleges and universities have gradually embarked on the road of standardization, standardization and high-quality development. In the future, the outlet of private colleges and universities will also become broader.
4. 1 Strengthening discipline construction and teaching staff construction
If private colleges want to win more market share and living space, they must have strong school-running strength and excellent teachers. Therefore, private colleges and universities need to strengthen discipline construction and improve teaching quality and scientific research level. At the same time, it is necessary to increase the investment in the construction of teaching staff, introduce high-level talents, cultivate an excellent teaching staff and improve the teaching level and quality.
4.2 Strengthening international education
With the deepening of economic globalization and internationalization, private colleges and universities also need to strengthen internationalization and enhance their international competitiveness. Specifically, international education can be achieved through cooperation with famous foreign universities, international exchange programs, and recruitment of international students.
4.3 Expand school-enterprise cooperation
School-enterprise cooperation is one of the important ways for the development of private universities. Through cooperation with enterprises, private colleges and universities can better understand the needs of enterprises and the market, offer majors and courses that meet the market demand, enhance the employment competitiveness of graduates, and deliver high-quality talents for enterprises. At the same time, school-enterprise cooperation can also provide more financial and technical support for private universities and promote their development.
4.4 Improve the school environment and students' life.
In order to attract more students to apply for the exam, private colleges and universities also need to improve the school environment and student life. Specifically, we can increase investment in campus infrastructure construction, improve the quality and level of teaching facilities, improve students' quality of life and learning environment, increase students' welfare and treatment, and improve students' satisfaction and sense of belonging. Where is the way out for private colleges and universities?
Although the development of private colleges and universities is facing many difficulties, there are also many private colleges and universities occupying a place in the market. Some well-known private universities, such as East China Normal University, Southeast University, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing Audit University, etc., enjoy a high reputation in the local and even the whole country. So where is the way out for private colleges and universities?
First of all, private colleges and universities need to strengthen their research and insight into the job market, understand the needs of the job market as much as possible, and provide more practical courses and professional skills training for students, so as to make them more in line with the recruitment requirements of employers, thus enhancing their employment competitiveness. In addition, private colleges and universities can also broaden their contacts with employers through various channels, establish long-term cooperative relations with enterprises, and provide more internship and employment opportunities for students.
Secondly, private colleges and universities need to strengthen investment in scientific research and improve the level and quality of scientific research results. This can enhance the overall reputation and academic level of the school and attract more high-level scholars and outstanding students to join the school. In addition, the application of scientific research results can also provide more financial support and development space for schools.
Finally, private colleges and universities need to attach importance to school-enterprise cooperation, actively participate in national, local and enterprise innovation and entrepreneurship plans, and provide more practical opportunities and innovative project support for their students, so as to cultivate more innovative and technical talents.
In short, in the future development, private colleges and universities need to enhance their own strength in various ways, provide better education and employment services for students, embark on the road of equality with public colleges and universities, and make their own contributions to the development of higher education in China.