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The glorious past of Peking University Institute of Earth and Space Sciences
The teaching and research of Earth and Space Science in Peking University has a long history. Geophysics postdoctoral mobile station Geophysics is a new interdisciplinary subject between physics, geology, astronomy and atmospheric science. It includes solid geophysics and space physics. Solid geophysics applies physical methods such as mechanics, electromagnetism, heat, nuclear physics, etc. to study the evolution and motion laws of the internal structure of the earth and various physical fields related to the solid earth (such as electromagnetic field and gravity field), and to understand the physical processes and changing laws of various natural phenomena related to it. It includes seismology, geomagnetism, gravity, geothermal, geodesy, physics of the earth's interior, geodynamics, geotectonics, exploration geophysics and environmental geophysics. Great progress has been made in geophysics in the past 40 years. Its research results not only changed human's understanding of the physical process and its evolution law in the earth, but also made great contributions to human's development of natural resources and resistance to natural disasters. Space physics is an applied basic subject that has developed rapidly in recent decades. It includes middle and upper atmosphere physics, ionosphere physics, magnetosphere physics, interplanetary physics, space exploration and space environment science. Sun-Earth space is the main field of human space activities, and solar activities and space environment have a direct impact on the atmosphere and climate change. Therefore, studying the basic laws of space physics is not only of great scientific significance to human understanding of the universe, but also related to human living environment and the development of space industry. Today, geophysics has become one of the most dynamic disciplines in earth science, and its research results will directly affect the survival and development of human beings in the 2 1 century.

Peking University Geophysical Teaching and Research Base (including solid geophysics and space physics) was established in 1958. At present, in addition to cultivating undergraduates, there are also master's programs, doctoral programs and postdoctoral mobile stations. The base has a strong faculty and a wide range of research directions. At present, China Academy of Sciences is an academician 1 person, with 8 professors. Over the years, he has undertaken many scientific research tasks of China National Foundation, State Science and Technology Commission, National Defense Science and Technology Commission, aerospace department, telecommunication department, earthquake department and petroleum exploration department, such as national key basic research project ("973" project: mechanism and prediction of strong earthquakes in Chinese mainland), major fund project (research on energy transfer process of solar-terrestrial system) and major science project of science and technology commission (East Asia space environment monitoring system and geodynamics of East Asia continent). Nearly 50 projects, such as "92 1" project (ionospheric environmental monitoring), China-Pakistan cooperative resource satellite project (development of internal particle radiation detector) and natural science foundation project, have achieved fruitful results, many of which are in a leading position in China and have certain influence in the world. In addition, we have good experimental, observation and calculation equipment, and have long-term good cooperative relations with relevant teaching units, scientific research institutions and scientists in the United States, Germany, Japan, Sweden and other countries, which can provide good conditions for postdoctoral research. Solid geophysics: seismology, earth interior physics, geodynamics, earth gravity mechanics, magnetotellurics, applied geophysics;

Space physics: physics of solar outer atmosphere, interplanetary physics, magnetosphere physics, ionosphere physics, middle and upper atmosphere physics, space exploration, space environment and space meteorology.

List of Geophysical Professors in Peking University:

Professor Wang Ren (Academician, Doctor) Geodynamics

Professor Zang Xianshao (Ph.D.): geodynamic physics in the earth's interior.

Professor Chen Xiaofei (Ph.D.) Seismology and Physics of the Earth's Interior.

Professor Cai Yongen (Ph.D.), Geodynamics, Engineering Geophysics

Professor sun xunying geodynamics

Professor Xiao Zuo (Ph.D.), Ionospheric Physics, Middle and Upper Atmospheric Physics, Space Exploration

Professor Pu Zuyin (Ph.D.) Magnetospheric Physics and Space Environment

Professor Tu Chuanyi (doctoral supervisor) is engaged in interplanetary physics and solar exoatmospheric physics.

Professor Song Liting's interplanetary physics and magnetosphere physics

Peking University Geology Department was founded in 1909, which is the earliest higher geological education and scientific research unit in China. Thanks to the hard work of generations of geologists such as Weng and Li Siguang and a large number of Peking University geologists with exquisite academic attainments and creative spirit, the Department of Geology of Peking University has become an important training base for first-class geological science, technology and education talents in China. Up to now, 50 academicians of China Academy of Sciences and Academy of Engineering have been trained, ranking first in the country among department-level units. 65438-0993 Geology Department was established by the State Education Commission as the first batch of national basic scientific research and talent training bases. The department has gathered many famous geologists and powerful teachers. There are 2 academicians, 27 professors (including 22 doctoral supervisors) and 32 associate professors, and there are a large number of senior experimental and management personnel. The department has 12 laboratories, and has advanced instruments and equipment with a value of150,000 yuan; Professional libraries with a history of more than 80 years, rich geological exhibition halls and world-class geological archives; 9 1 The new geoscience building put into use provides an excellent teaching and research environment for the department. The Department has established long-term academic ties with geological colleges and research institutes in more than 20 countries and regions, providing an important way for extensive academic exchanges and cooperation at home and abroad.

At present, the department has four master's and doctoral programs: structural geology, paleontology and stratigraphy, petrology, mineralogy and mineral deposits, and geochemistry. Has a variety of research directions and can accept postdoctoral researchers in different fields. (1) structural geology major

His research interests mainly include Precambrian geology, regional tectonics, continental geodynamics, lithospheric geology, large, medium, small and microstructure geology, petroleum geology, environmental geology, disaster geology and information geology, basin analysis, orogenic geology and so on.

Representative research fields and experts are:

Professor Qian Xianglin (doctoral supervisor) Precambrian geology, petroleum geology and regional structure.

Professor He (Ph.D.), regional tectonics, geology of intracontinental orogenic belt.

Professor Zheng Yadong (Ph.D.) Structural Geology, nappe structure, metamorphic core complex.

Professor Liu Ruixun (Ph.D.): Microscale structural geology, microstructure geology.

Professor Li Maosong (doctoral supervisor) regional tectonics, orogeny geology, continental margin geology.

Professor Pan Mao (doctoral supervisor) Information Geology, Environmental Geology, Disaster Geology, Petroleum Geology.

Professor Shi Ge (doctoral supervisor) is engaged in geophysical and petrophysical research.

Professor Xu Bei, basin analysis, orogenic geology.

Professor Cai Yongen (Ph.D.) Geodynamics and Numerical Simulation.

Numerical simulation of mantle flow, plate tectonic movement and magma ocean solidification.

(2) Paleontology and stratigraphy

His main research interests are Palaeontology, Microzoology, Paleoecology and Theoretical Biology, Paleoenvironment and Paleogeography Analysis, Sequence and Event Stratigraphy, etc.

Representative research fields and experts are:

Professor Bai Shunliang (Ph.D.) Devonian biostratigraphy and chemical stratigraphy.

Professor Wang Xinping (PhD), Microbiology, Carboniferous-Triassic Biostratigraphy.

Professor Hao Shougang (doctoral supervisor) Comparative morphology of plant fossils, origin and evolution of terrestrial plants.

Professor Qi (Ph.D.) is engaged in paleontology (coral), Mesozoic stratigraphy and shallow sea environment analysis.

Professor Dong Xiping (Ph.D.) Microbiology and Modern Paleontology

Professor Bai Zhiqiang teaches event stratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy.

(3) majors in petrology, mineralogy and mineral deposits

His research interests include petrology, mineralogy and deposit science, and his fields involve petrology, rock genesis, rock geochemistry, structural environment analysis, metamorphism and metamorphic geology. Mineralogy, economic geology, regional metallogenic regularity, magmatic hydrothermal deposits, mineralization, metasomatism, etc. Crystallography and mineralogy, genetic mineralogy, interlayer mineralogy, electron microscope mineralogy, structural mineralogy, etc.

Representative research fields and experts are:

Professor Dong Shenbao (Academician, Doctoral Supervisor): Crystalline Petrology, Regional Metamorphism, Metamorphic Geology.

Professor Wang Renmin (Ph.D.) Metamorphic Petrology, Precambrian Geology, Metamorphic Geology.

Professor Cui (Ph.D.) Genetic Mineralogy, Regional Metamorphism, Metamorphic Geology.

Professor Yan Guohan (Ph.D.) Magmatic Petrology and Rock Geochemistry.

Professor Xu Baoliang (Ph.D.) Rock Geochemistry and Information Processing.

Professor Yang teaches sedimentary petrology, diagenesis, sedimentary facies analysis, oil and gas resources.

Professor Zheng Zhe (doctoral supervisor) crystallography and mineralogy, structural mineralogy, electron microscope mineralogy.

Professor Ai Yongfu (Ph.D.) Mineralogy, Economic Geology, Hydrothermal Deposits, metasomatism.

Professor Wang Shilin, Mineralogy, Economic Geology, Regional Metallogenic Law, Metamorphic Deposits.

(4) Geochemistry major

Research interests mainly include: geochemistry, metallogenic geochemistry, experimental geochemistry, isotope geochemistry, environmental geochemistry, geochemical evolution of geophysics, etc.

Representative research fields and experts are:

Professor Zeng Yishan (Ph.D.) Geochemistry, Metallogenic Geochemistry and Experimental Geochemistry.

Professor Mu Zhiguo (Ph.D.) Geochronology and Isotopic Geochemistry of Global Change.

(5) Oil and gas research center

Research interests mainly include: petroliferous basin structure, reservoir geology, oil and gas geophysics, oil and gas field exploration and development, etc.

Representative research fields and experts are:

Shi Yongmin (researcher, doctoral supervisor): Oil and gas field development, volcanic reservoir.

He Chuan (researcher): Seismic data, petroleum machinery. The Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System of Peking University Earth and Space University was established in 1983. It is one of the earliest scientific research and teaching units engaged in remote sensing and geographic information system in China. Master students and doctoral students majoring in cartography and remote sensing were enrolled in 1983 and 1989 respectively. 1997 the Ministry of education made professional adjustment, and the major of cartography and remote sensing was changed to that of cartography and geographic information system. In 20001and 2003, master and doctoral students majoring in photogrammetry and remote sensing were enrolled respectively. In remote sensing, GIS, and satellite navigation, more than 80 people have obtained doctoral degrees, more than 200 people have obtained master's degrees, and 42 postdoctoral students have left the station. In 2006, it was granted the first-class discipline (engineering) of Surveying and Mapping Science and Technology, and in 2009, the postdoctoral mobile station was formally established.

Photogrammetry and remote sensing have always been in the forefront of China, especially the development of remote sensing has a high influence at home and abroad, which has formed characteristics in aerial remote sensing system, UAV load verification, quantitative remote sensing, microwave remote sensing, remote sensing information processing and analysis, digital imaging system and so on.

Satellite navigation is the main basic support of geodesy. At present, there is a place in China. It is the supporting unit of China-Europe Satellite Navigation Cooperation Training Center of Ministry of Science and Technology, Satellite Navigation Joint Research Center of Ministry of Education and Satellite Navigation Application Demonstration Platform of National Defense Science and Technology Bureau. Solid geophysics is a national key discipline, and the first-class discipline ranks first in the national discipline evaluation. Its application part belongs to geodesy. In recent years, quite a lot of research is related to geodesy, and some satellite navigation teachers have formed the local advantages of geodesy in China.

Cartography and GIS are national key disciplines, and their geographical first-class disciplines rank first in the national discipline evaluation. Among them, the engineering ability of GIS has been formed, such as major national defense projects and major digital city projects, and it has become the main force of cartography and geographic information engineering.

At present, the above three disciplines (geodesy and surveying engineering, photogrammetry and remote sensing, cartography and geographic information engineering) belong to national and provincial ministries and commissions: Technical Training Department of National Remote Sensing Center, Joint Center of Remote Sensing Technology and Application in Universities (approved by the Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Spatial Information Integration and 3S Engineering Application (approved by Beijing), Earth Observation and Navigation Engineering Center of the Ministry of Education (approved by the Ministry of Education), Digital China Research Institute of Peking University, etc.

During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, the average annual expenditure of this discipline exceeded10.5 million yuan, and the per capita teachers exceeded 600,000 yuan. More than 80% of the projects were national or international cooperation projects. Housing and other logistical support conditions are available. Professor Tong Qingxi, academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences, high-resolution remote sensing imaging technology, remote sensing calibration and polarization remote sensing technology, geoscience characteristic navigation and LBS application technology, indoor and outdoor seamless navigation, digital disaster reduction and emergency management, GNSS remote sensing Professor Guo Shide's 3S+C (remote sensing, geographic information system, global positioning+communication) technology integration and application engineering Professor Zeng, quantitative remote sensing professor's remote sensing information processing and application, high resolution